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DeWITT'S ^ ^ 
GUIDE TO iff ^ 
CENTRAL ^ ^ 
CALIFORNIA 



AN ILLUSTRATED AND 

DESCRIPTIVE HANDBOOK 

FOR TOURISTS AND 

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WITH MAPS 



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DcWITT'S 

GUIDE TO 
CENTDAL 
CAUFOftNIA 






An illustrated and descriptive 
hand-book for tourists and 
strangers . • . Descriptive of San 
Francisco and the resorts and 
places of interest round about 
for a distance of about 150 miles; 
telling where they are and how 
best to see them . • . With num- 
erous illustrations and a fine 
new map of Central California 



Published by 



FRE.DERIC M. DeWITT 

jVfap and Guide Publisher 
31S Post St.y San Francisco, Cal. 



THE LIBr7ARY O^ 

CONGRESS, 
T-vo CoP'ts R fcceiveo 

iViAY. 58 1902 

Copyright entry 

CLASS i^XXc. No. 

COPY B. 



• » COPVRiaHTED 1902 
BY 

FREDBPiC M. DeWITT 



1 



i\ 






-pS'^ 



i 



PREFACE. 



In the compiling of this Httle guide, and owing to the 
prominence that San Francisco has earned for itself in 
the doings and commerce of the world, much space has 
necessarily been devoted to it, the metropolis of the 
Pacific Coast. 

San Francisco has also deservedly come into a large 
share of the world's tourist travel, and is so situated that 
it is the natural point from which many interesting and 
enjoyable trips can be made into what can fittingly be 
termed "Central California." 

Tourists and visitors to the Pacific Coast having fre- 
quently requested a descriptive pamphlet that would 
enable them to learn of and see the principal points of 
interest in our city and surroundings, has prompted me 
to the compiling and publishing of this volume. 

The illustrations have been carefully selected, show- 
ing the principal buildings, streets, parks, and points 
likely to interest a stranger and be of interest to our 
friends far away. 

We trust that our efforts will fill a long-needed want, 
and be appreciated by our tourist friends. 

F. M. DeWitt. 
318 Post Street. 



JPCCIAL PRICED IN 



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5 X 7, per gross 3 00, 

other sizes in proportion 



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IOO6 MARICET ^T. 

NEAR. POWELL ^T. S\S pKANCIiCO, CaL. 



INDEX 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 



Page. 

Academy of Sciences 13 

Affiliated Colleges opp. 14 

Alcatraz Island 14 

Alcazar Theatre 14 

Almshouse 14 

Angel Island 15 

Appraiser's Building 15, 100 

Architectural Features 15 

Art Associations 16 

Baggage 17 

Banks — 

California 17 

German Savings & Loan ...49 
Hibernia Savings & Loan. .60 

Nevada 75 

S. F. Savings Union 90 

Wells, Fargo & Co loi 

Bank of California 17 

Bar 18 

Bay of San Francisco 18 

Bay of S. F. — History of 20 

Bernal Heights 20 

Blossom Rock 20 

Board of Trade 21 

Boating 21 

Bohemian Club 22 

British Benevolent Society 22 

Buena Vista Park 22 

Builders' Exchange 22 

California Historical Society. ..22 

California Hotel 22 

California Market 23 

California Pioneers 23 

Cal'a School Mechanical Arts .23 

California Street 24 

California Theatre 24 

California Woman's Hospital. .24 

"Call" Building 24 

Calvary Presbyterian Church. ..25 

Car Lines 25 

Catholic Orphan Asylum 26 

Cemeteries 26-29 

Chinatown 29-32 

"Chronicle" 32 

Churches — 

Calvary Presbyterian 25 

Church of the Advent 33 

First Congregational 46 



Pack. 

First Unitarian 46 

Grace 59 

Mission Dolores 72 

St. Ignatius 88 

St. Mary's 89 

St. Patrick's 89 

Synagogue Emanu El 96 

Trinity 99 

Churches— In General 33 

Church of the Advent 33 

City and County Hospital 33 

City Front 34 

City Hall 35 

City Travel 37 

Cliff House 37 

Climate and Dress 38 

Clubs- 
Bohemian 22 

Concordia 40 

Olympic 78 

Pacific-Union 79 

Collection Day 92 

Columbia Theatre 39 

Columbo Market 39 

Concordia Club 40 

Conveyances 40 

Crocker Building 41 

Currency 41 

Custom House 41 and loo 

Donahue Fountain 45 

Earthquakes 41 

"Examiner" 43 

Farallone Islands 43 

Federal Offices 15 

Ferry 45 

Ferry Depot opp. 44 

Ferry, Bay & River Steamers. ..44 

Fire Department 46 

First Congregational Church. ..46 

First Unitarian Church 46 

Flood Building 47 

Flowers 47 

Fogs 47 

Fort Mason 47 

Fort Winfield Scott 48 

French Hospital 48 

Geological Society of Cal'a 49 

Geological Society of the Pac...49 



INDEX. 



Page. 

German Benevolent Society 49 

German Hospital 49 

German Savings & L. Society..49 

Goat Island 50 

Golden Gate 50 

Golden Gate Park 51-58 

Area 51 

Aviary 53 

Baseball Pitcher --56 

Buffalo Paddock 57 

Children's House and Play- 
ground ...58 

Commissioners' Lodge 58 

Conservatory 52 

Deer Gie:i 57 

Japanese Garden 54 

Huntington Falls 55 

Lake Alvord 58 

Location 51 

Museum 54 

Music Stand 57 

New Music Stand opp. 58 

Park Bus opp. 58 

Panhandle 52-78 

Stow Lake 54 

Strawberry Hill .. •-•■53 

Trees from Original Thir- 
teen States 57 

Monuments — 

Francis Scott Key 55 

Garfield 56 

Grant 56 

Halleck 56 

Thomas Starr King 55 

Government Dock opp. 58 

Grace Church 59 

Grand Hotel 59 

Grand Opera House 59 

Hall of Justice 59 

Harbor View 60 

Hebrew Orphan Asylum 60 

Hibernia Bank 60 

Historical Sketch ofS. F.103-115 
Hotels- 
California 22 

Grand 59 

Lick 64 

Occidental 77 

Russ 88 

Hotels (in general) 61 

Hospital for Children & Train- 
ing School for Nurses ... ..61 

Hospital Incurable Children 61 

Hunter's Point Dry Dock 62 

Ingleside 62 

Islands of the Bay 62 

Kearny Street 62 

Kindergartens 63 

Ladies' Protection and Relief 
Society 63 



Page. 
Libraries — 

Public 48 

Mechanics' 68 

Mercantile 68 

Libraries— List of 63 

Lick Baths 64 

Lick House 64 

Lick Statuary 64 

Lime Point 65 

Lincoln School 65 

Lone Mountain 66 

Lost Property 66 

Lotta's Fountain 66 

Mail Dock 67 

Maria Kip Orphanage 67 

Marine Hospital 67 

Market Street 67 

Mark Hopkins' Institute Art ...16 

Masonic Temple 68 

Mechanics' Institute 68 

Mercantile Library 68 

Metropolitan Temple 69 

Merchants' Exchange 69 

Military Trophy .75 

Militia 69 

Mills Building 70 

Mining Bureau 71 

Mint 71 

Mission Dolores 72 

Mission Dolores Church 72 

Montgomery Street 73 

Morgue 73 

Mountain Lake 75 

Mount Tamalpais 74 

N. S. G. W. Fountain opp. 114 

Nevada Bank 75 

Nevada Block 75 

Newspaper Gore 76 

Nob Hill 76 

Nob Hill (See also Sight-seeing, 
Section "C") 

Oakland Creek 19 

Occidental Hotel 77 

Odd Fellows' Building 78 

Odd Fellows' Cemetery 78 

Old People's Home .78 

Olympic Club 78 

Orpheum Theatre 78 

Pacific-Union Club 79 

Palace Hotel 79 

Panhandle opp. 78 

Parks— 

Buena Vista 22 

Golden Gate 51-58 

Fort Mason 47 

Presidio... 84 

South 92 

Sutro Heights ••••93 

Parrott Building 80 

Phelan Building 80 



INDEX. 



Page. 

Pioneers of California 23 

Point Bonita 80 

Point Lobos 81 

Point Reyes 81 

Population 81 

Portsmouth Square 82 

Post-office 82 

Presidio 84 

Public Library 48 

Public Schools 85 

Quarantine 86 

Railroad Depotsi 44 

Raccoon Strait 86 

Receiving Hospital 86 

Restaurants 86 

Richardson Bay 87 

Richmond District 87 

Rincon Hill 87 

River and Bay Steamers 44 

Russ House 88 

Russian Hill 88 

St. Ignatius Church 88 

St. Luke's Hospital 89 

St. Mary's Cathedral 89 

St. Mary's Hospital 89 

St. Patrick's Church 89 

S. F. Art Association 16 

San Francisco (general de- 
scription) ..5-8 

S. F. Savings Union 90 

S. F. Stock & Exchange B'd'g.90 

Sea-wall 91 

Seal Rocks 90 

Sight-seeing — 

Section A 9 

" B 9 

C 10 

D II 

" E 12 

See also Articles on- 
City Front, Golden Gate Park, 



Pack. 
Mount Tamalpais, Telegraph 
Hill, Twin Peaks, Van Ness 
Avenue, Cliff House, Sutro 
Heights and Baths. 

Signal Service 91 

South Park 92 

Statuary 92 

Steamer Day 92 

Stevenson Monument opp. 92 

Stock and Exchange Building..90 
Streets- 
California 24 

Kearny 62 

Market 67 

Montgomery 73 

Van Ness Avenue loi 

Sub-Treasury 93 

Sutro Baths 94 

Sntro Heights 93 

Synagogue Emanu-El 96 

Telegraph Hill 96 

Telegraph Offices 98 

Theatres- 
Alcazar 14 

California 24 

Columbia 39 

Grand Opera House 59 

Orpheum 78 

Tivoli 98 

Tivoli Opera House 98 

Toland Medical Society 99 

Trinity Church 99 

Twin Peaks 99 

Union Iron Works 99 

U. S. Appraiser's Building 00 

U. S. Custom House 100 

Van Ness Avenue 100 

Wells, Fargo & Co.'s Express..ioi 
Young Men's Christian Asso- 
ciation lOI 



INDEX 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 



Page. 

Agnews 139 

Alameda 122 

"All Day for a Dollar " Trip.. 177 

Alvarado 138 

Alviso 139 

Antioch 164, 171 

Aptos ; 138 

Asti 157 

Bay Point 171 

Belmont 126 



Page. 

Belvedere 153 

Benicia 161 

Berkeley 123 

Big Trees (Santa Cruz Mts.)...i4i 

Broderick 162 

Burlingame 126 

Byron 165 

California Northwestern Ry ..153 

Calistoga 169 

Calistoga via Vallejo Junctioni65 



INDEX. 



Page. 

Capitola 138 

Castroville 132 

Cloverdale 157 

Coast Line 126 

Crockett 163 

Davis 161 

Decoto 145 

Del Monte 133 

East Yards 171 

Elmira 161 

Felton 140 

Fernandez 171 

French Camp 147 

Fulton 156 

Gait ISO 

Geysers 158 

Geyserville . 157 

Gilroy 132 

Glen Ellen 160 

Green Brae 155 

Haywards 122, 145 

Healdsburg 157 

Hopland , 158 

Ignacio 155 

Irvington 145 

Knightsen 172 

Larkspur 173 

Lathrop 146 

Laurel , 14.0 

Lick Observatory 131 

Livermore 146 

Los Gates 139 

Lytton 157 

Mare Island Navy Yard 166 

Mark West 157 

Martinez 164 

Menlo Park 127 

Mill Valley 173 

Missioti San Jose 145 

Monterey 133 

Monterey Bay 136 

Mt Diablo 164 

Mt. Hamilton la 

Mt. St. Helena 168 

Mt. Tamalpais 74 

Muir 171 

Napa 167 

Napa Junction 166 

Napa Valley 166 

Navy Yard, Mare Island 166 

Newark 138 

Niles 145 

North Shore Railroad 172 

Novato 155 

Oakland 117 

Pacific Congress Springs 139 

Pacific Grove 137 

Pajaro 132 

Palo Alto J 127 



Page. 

Petaluma 156 

Petrified Forest liSg 

Pinole 163 

Pleasanton 146 

Point Richmond 170 

Port Costa 163 

Reclamation 159 

Redwood City 127 

Rodeo 163 

Ross Valley 174 

Sacramento 150 

Sacramento by Boat 174 

Sacramento via Niles 144 

Sacramento via Port Costa 

and Benicia 160 

San Anselmo .. 174 

San Jose 129 

San Leandro 122, 144 

San Lorenzo 138, 145 

San Mateo 126 

San Pablo 163, 171 

San Quentin 174 

San Rafael 155, 174 

Santa Clara 128 

Santa Clara Valley 128 

Santa Cruz 142 

Santa Fe Line , 170 

Santa Rosa 156 

Sausalito 172 

Scenic Route for San Jose and 

Santa Cruz 138 

Schellville 159 

Side Trips 74, 174, 175, 176, 177 

Side Trip Excursions 177 

Sonoma 159 

Sonoma Valley , 159 

St Helena 168 

Stockton , 147 

Stockton by Boat 175 

Stockton via Martinez 162 

Stockton via Niles 144 

Stockton via Santa Fe 170 

Suisun 161 

Sunol 146 

Tamalpais 173 

Tiburon 153 

Tidal Canal 19, 123 

Tracy 146 

Ukiah 158 

Vallejo 165 

Vallejo by Boat , ... 175 

Vallejo Junction 163 

Warm Springs 145 

Watsonville 137 

Willits 159 

Windsor 157 

Wishbone Trip 176 

Wright 139 

Yountville 168 



^ SAN FRANCISCO, d^ 



SAN FRANCISCO, the commercial metropolis of the 
Pacific Coast, is situated on the extreme north end 
of a peninsula, and covers an area of 26,681 acres, 1500 
acres of which are set apart as a military reservation. 

It has a population of 342,782, and is the ninth 
city in size in the United States; census of 1890 showed 
a population of 298,997. 

It is b unded on the west by the Pacific Ocean; on the 
north by the Golden Gate Strait and the Bay of San 
Francisco; on the east by the Bay; and on the south by 
San Mateo County, and is located in latitude 37° 47'' 22''''. 55 
N. ; longitude, 122° 25'' 40''''. 76 W. 

The residence portion lies well in from the shore, and 
is perched up on its many hills. 

The wholesale districts lie on the eastern, or bay side, 
on the level streets, and to a great extent on what is 
called " made ground." 

Hundreds of acres (that portion lying between Tele- 
graph Hill and Market street, and east of Montgomery 
street) have been made by the filling in of the mud flats 
with sand and rock removed from the neighboring hills. 

The streets north of Market street run at right-angles, 
north and south, east and west; while those on the south 
side run southeast and northwest at right-angles to Mar- 
ket street, and those running parallel go to the south 
upon reaching Eleventh street, conforming to the lay of 
the land. The Mission hills to the west rise gradually, 
till they reach an altitude of about 850 feet. The two 
systems of streets are divided bv Market street, which 



6 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

acts as the main artery. All streets are numbered from 
their intersection with Market street, except those that 
commence at the water-front, which are numbered from 
there. One hundred numbers, or as many as are neces- 
sary, are allotted to each block — a system which greatly 
facilitates the finding of any number. On all streets 
the even numbers are on the right-hand side, while on 
the left are to be found the odd numbers. The street 
names can be found on the corner lamp-posts. The 
blocks on the north side of Market street contain six 
fifty-varas, and average, north and south, sixteen blocks 
to the mile, while those running east and west, eleven to 
the mile. The blocks on the south side of Market street 
contain twelve fifty-varas, and average six blocks to the 
mile east and west, and eight north and south. All 
street-car lines have a terminus at Ferries, foot of Market 
street, or at intersection of Market street. 

The harbor of San Francisco is one of the largest and 
best appointed in the world. It will accommodate the 
navies of the world on its waters with perfect safety. Jn 
the harbor the myriad of tugs, steamers, clipper and 
sailing vessels, and ferry-boats, and at the wharves the 
forests of spars, tell the story of the millions of commerce 
that comes and departs from this port annually. The 
entrance through the Golden Gate cannot be surpassed, 
on the right of which can be seen the Chff House and 
Sutro Heights; then on, past a high, rugged bluff to a 
long stretch of sandy beach to old Fort Point, now aban- 
doned, beyond which can be seen the United States 
Military Reservation, Harbor View, and Black Point. 
Rising to the rear and inland, can be seen the city, 
perched on numberless hills of varymg heights, with 
their parallel streets, which, when seen on a summer's 
morn, presents an unrivaled sight; while on the left you 
pass Point Bonita (light-house). Point Diablo, Lime 
Point (a fog station), and on into the bay, leaving the 
town of Sausalito well into an arm of the bay (Richard- 



TO SAN mANCISCO. 7 

son's Bay), and on past Alcatraz Island (a fortified mili- 
tary post), to the landing on the east side of the city. 

The windy and foggy weather which prevails at certain 
seasons for only a few weeks is the most disagreeable 
side of San Francisco climate. Our rainy season gen- 
erally starts about the middle of November, and we 
have light rains up to late in March. It generally rains 
during the night, the day being as pleasant as a sum- 
mer's day. 

It has twelve first-class hotels, numerous lodging- 
houses, six first-class theaters and places of amusement, 
several academies and art institutes, colleges, high 
schools, libraries, banks and savings institutions, a well- 
equipped police and fire department, and everything that 
goes to make up a growing and thriving city. 

The dwellings are principally built of wood, as the 
weather is dry and of uniform temperature. 

The handsomest residences can be found on Nob 
Hill (California street), Van Ness avenue, and Pacific 
Heights (Clay, Washington, Jackson, Pacific, Broadway, 
and the intermediate cross-streets). 

The largest retail stores can be found on Market, 
Kearny, Montgomery, and Post streets. 

On California, Pine, and Montgomery streets are 
located the various banks, insurance and brokers' 
offices, while south of Market and east of Second are 
located the factories and foundries. 

There are not as many handsome public buildings m 
San Francisco as there are in the larger Eastern cities, 
but we are as yet in our infancy. 

San Francisco has the facilities of being a large manu- 
facturing center, situated as it is on a peninsula, with one 
of the finest harbors in the world lapping its shores, and 
being the natural shipping-point of counties of untold 
mineral wealth and remarkable fertility of soil. Flour 
and lumber mills, foundries, machine and boiler shops, 
sugar refineries, canning establishments, boot and shoe 



8 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

factories, and many other industries give employment to 
many men, boys, and girls. 

Owing to the rapid strides in which San Francisco is 
coming to the front as a factor in the shipping and com- 
merce of the world, a large manufacturing business is 
fast centering in the city and on the bay shores. 

San Francisco now produces (census 1900) 43.9% of 
the manufactured articles of the State, having a value 
of |i33)069,4i6 on an investment of $80,103,369 in some 
4,002 establishments, employing 41,978 men, who earn 
$22,037,527 annually. 

It is the third commercial and ninth manufacturing 
city in the United States. 

The city proper is built upon about a dozen hills and 
their intervening valleys and hillsides, the natural lay of 
the land making the system of drainage very complete 
and systematic. 

To one coming toward the city from Sausalito, Tib- 
uron, Oakland, or Alameda at night, the lights climbing 
up and along the hillsides, and then again clustering 
round about the bases, sometimes in single, and then 
again in double columns, presents a very picturesque 
sight. The city can be seen to splendid advantage and 
saving of time by taking the front seat of a cable or 
an electric car, which climbs up and over the steepest of 
grades, allowing one to get an unobstructed view of most 
any part of the city. San Francisco can as well be 
termed the "City of Flowers" as of a "Hundred Hills," 
although either is fittingly appropriate. 

A walk through the residence portion of the city is a 
constant study of botany. Rich evergreens and mag- 
nificent hot-house plants are ever appearing to your 
right or left. A great scarcity of shade-trees along the 
streets, even in the residence portion, is very noticeable. 
The growth of this city in its infancy was proverbial; 
everybody seemed bent upon the making of money, and 
the planting of shade trees was sorely neglected, little 
beingthought of the city's future or architectural features. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 



SIGHT- SEEING. 

When a traveler finds himself for the first time in a 
strange city, with time to spare and disposition to make 
the most of it, the question naturally rises in his own 
mind, "Where shall I go in order to spend my leisure 
hours with the best advantage?" This must be a matter 
of taste, only to be settled by individual preference. 
We have attempted in this publication to give full infor- 
mation upon almost every subject and institution of any 
note, so that the tastes may be suited; also, a short his- 
torical sketch of such points and places as have helped 
make the city what it is to-day. 

SIGHT-SEEING.— SECTION A. 

If San Francisco is without any great public buildings, 
old museums, and historic structures, there are yet many 
things and places likely to interest a stranger. Take, 
for instance, the Cliff House, Sutro Heights, Golden 
Gate Park and its various attractions, Chinatown, Palace 
Hotel, Mint, City Hall, and many other as interesting 
points of view. 

The best time of the day to see the city is in the fore- 
noon, before the wind and dust blows. 

SIGHT-SEEING.— SECTION B. 

A very pleasant ride is on the Ferries and Cliff House 
cable road (Jackson street). Getting on the cars at the 
ferry, one passes through the wholesale fruit and pro- 
duce district, then on through Chinatown, up some of the 
steep grades of the city and over the hill and down into 
the valley below, and then over Pacific Heights, on which 
can be seen some of our finest residences. At the end 
of the cable system a change is made (same fare) to a 
steam-car, which takes you through a growing distric. 
known as Richmond; transfers are also issued to the 



lO SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Park via Sacramento-street cable road. On the left you 
pass Laurel Hill Cemetery, while a little beyond on the 
right you come to the Alexander Maternity Cottage 
and the Hospital for Children and Training School for 
Nurses. Next you pass the United States Marine Hos- 
pital, just off to the right, at Mountain Lake, in the 
Presidio. After passing this point, the first glimpse of 
the Golden Gate and Point Bonita is to be had. After 
going about two miles due west, a sudden turn is made 
to the north (passing the City Cemetery on the left) to 
the bluffs on the south side of the Golden Gate. A 
grand view can here be had of the marine approach to 
the San Francisco Bay through the glorious Golden 
Gate, which is two and one-half miles wide at the 
entrance, Point Lobos to Point Bonita (light- house sta- 
tion), and one mile wide at the entrance into the bay. 
Fort Point to Lime Point (fog station). The train takes 
a circuitous course, following the edge of the bluffs, until 
it reaches the terminus, a point opposite the entrance to 
Sutro Heights {q. v.). 

A choice of two other lines affords one the oppor- 
tunity of returning to the city. 

SIGHT-SEEING.— SECTION C. 

Another pleasant ride is on the California-street cable 
road, starting from the intersection of California and 
Market streets, near the ferry. Upon taking the car you 
immediately pass through the banking and insurance 
district, on up one of the steepest hills of the city, to Nob 
Hill, passing, on the left, at the corner of Powell, the 
late Senator Stanford's residence; corner of Mason, 
the late Mark Hopkins' residence, now the Mark Hop- 
kins University of Art {q. v.)\ on block beyond, the 
residences of Hon. E. B. Pond and Mrs. Tobin; corner 
of Taylor, the residence of the late A. N. Towne, and 
beyond, that of Mr. H. H. Sherwood; corner of Jones, 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. II 

Mr. Whittell's; just beyond Jones street, the residence 
of E. J. Baldwin; while on the right, corner of Powell, 
you pass the late David Porter's residence; corner of 
Mason, the Flood mansion, the only brownstone resi- 
dence in the city; corner of Taylor, the Huntington 
residence (formerly belonging to D, D. Colton); while 
opposite is the residence of the late Charles Crocker; 
adjoining, and on the corner of Jones, is the residence 
of his son, W. H. Crocker; on the opposite corner is the 
foundation of a proposed gorgeous tenement building. 
After passing these re.sidences, you immediately, after 
climbing down and then up another grade, find yourself 
in another fashionable residence portion of the city. At 
the corner of Hyde street transfers are issued, enabling 
you to go either to North Beach and Presidio or to the 
center of town again. At the terminus transfers are 
issued to the Park or Cliff House on route described in 
above ride (Section B); or, upon paying another fare, 
you can proceed to the ClifT House or Park on the Sutro 
electric road, traveling through Richmond to the Sutro 
Baths {g. v.), situated just above the Cliff House. 

SIGHT-SEEING.— SECTION D. 

Another pleasant trip is on the San Francisco and 
San Mateo electric line. The cars are taken on Steuart 
street at intersection of Market, thence along Steuart to 
Harrison, out Harrison to Fourteenth, to Guerrero, to 
San Jos^ avenue, to Thirtieth street, where transfers are 
issued, enabling you to go on to Colma, passing the City 
and County Jail on the right. By paying another fare 
(five cents), you can go to the end of the line, passing 
numberless milk dairies and roadside inns on either side 
of the road. The Jewish, Cypress Lawn, and the Mount 
of Holy Cross Cemeteries are at the terminus. This is 
the old road to San Jos^. On coming back, transfers 
can be taken at Eighteenth street, enabling you to go to 



12 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

the Golden Gate Park. After riding on Eighteenth 
street for about ten blocks, you commence to climb the 
Mission Hills. When about two-thirds of the way up 
the car is run back on a switch to allow the down car to 
pass; the bar connecting with the trolley is reversed, and 
the car proceeds on its way, but rear end first. The 
summit is reached, leaving Twin Peaks to the rear, and 
passing Liberty Heights, with the Sutro statue of Liberty, 
on the right. Directly ahead are Ashbury Heights, 
while to the left is to be seen Golden Gate Park stretch- 
ing oceanward. Point Bonita and the Golden Gate can 
also be seen. The car then takes a circuitous route 
until it reaches the Park, passing, in the meantime, close 
to the Chutes. 

SIGHT-SEEING.— SECTION E. 

Another point of vantage is at North Beach, corner 
of Larkin and Chestnut streets. Take Hyde street 
branch of California-street cable system, get off at 
Chestnut, and walk one block west, — walk to brow of 
hill just below the corner. To the east can be seen the 
Berkeley shore of the bay. The suburbs of Oakland 
and the town of Berkeley can be seen snugly nestled at 
the foothills of the Contra Costa spur of the Coast 
Range, which looms up in the background. The 
grounds and buildings of the University of California 
can also be discerned. Beyond the brow of the hills 
can be seen Mt. Diablo (3848 feet). Goat Island rises 340 
feet from the bay, and shuts from view the towns of Oak- 
laad and Alameda. To the north can be seen Alcatraz 
and Angel Islands, to the east of which is the entrance 
to San Pablo and Suisun Bays, and the watercourse to 
Sacramento and Stockton, while to the west can be seen 
the towns of Tiburon and Belvedere; then across Rich- 
ardson's Bay to Sausalito, a very pretty little town, 
snugly and cosily situated on a thickly wooded hillside, 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. I3 

while directly over looms up Mt. Tamalpais, 2592 feet, 
with its ever-circling railroad winding its way up the 
steep slopes. It rises 2400 feet in its eight-mile run, 
making over 270 turns. At the immediate base of the hill 
on which you stand can be seen a large brick building 
while just beyond is Fort Mason, a military reservation, 
soon to be converted into a public square. Following 
the line of the bay, you come to Harbor View, a favorite 
Sunday resort. There can be had at these grounds surf 
and tank bathing of the most beneficent kind. Beyond, 
in the cove, is the Presidio, the finest military reserva- 
tion west of Chicago. Just beyond is Fort Winfield 
Scott, over which you can see Point Bonita, with the 
Golden Gate intervening. Opposite Fort Winfield Scott, 
on the Marin County shore, is Lime Point, a fog station. 
Ti) the west of Alcatraz can be seen, at low tide only, 
Shagg Rock, a sunken reef, while farther on can be seen 
Arch Rock. At low tide an opening can be seen through 
this rock. This rock is often used for target practice by 
the fortified points around the vicinity. It is three and 
one-quarter miles in a direct line from the corner o( 
Larkin and Chestnut streets to Fort Winfield Scott, and 
six miles to Point Bonita. 

(See articles on City Front, Van Ness Avenue, and 
Telegraph Hill.) 

An excursion to the various military posts around the 
bay is well worth the while. Permission having been 
obtained from the Government officials (fourth floor, 
Phelan Building), one can take the Government steamer 
McDowell from foot of Clay-street wharf (Pier i). The 
steamer leaves at time indicated on back of pass. 

ACADEMYOF occupies a handsome seven-story struc- 
SCI ENCES ture at 819 Market street, adjoining the 
Flood and Parrott buildings. The materials used in the 
construction of this building were obtained in principal 
from this State — marble from Colton, and sandstone 



14 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

from the quarries and mines at Sespe and Gilroy; the 
granite from the several mines. 

There is a museum in connection with the academy 
which is well worth visiting. It contains some fine and 
rare specimens of fishes, reptiles, birds and animals, 
minerals, and natural curiosities. It is open daily, ex- 
cept Sundays and holidays, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. It is 
free to the public. This is one of the many bequests of 
the late James Lick. Cost, 1400,000. 

ALCATRAZ (Pelican) is in the bay, about one and a 
ISLAND quarter miles to the north of the city. 

It is a strongly fortified station, garrisoned by one com- 
pany of heavy artillery. There is also a submarine 
torpedo station located on the island. There is a fog- 
bell and a lighthouse on the island, whose light can be 
seen nineteen miles to sea. It contains thirty acres, and 
is one-third of a mile long by one-tenth of a mile wide, 
and is about one hundred and forty feet above low water. 
It is a part of San Francisco County, and came into the 
possession of the United States Government in 1846. 
There is a wharf on the east side of the island, where 
the Government boat lands on its trips around the various 
military posts. 

ALCAZAR is on the north side of O'Farrell street, 
THEATRE between Powell and Stockton. It was 
first opened November 18, 1885. 

A I Mcuniier ^^ situation affords it one of the 
ALMSHOUSE j^g^ithiest sites in the county. It is 
a large frame building, standing on a knoll, around 
which are gardens of vegetables, and walks through 
which its inmates stroll and exercise. It was built in 
1867 It is just west of Twin Peaks, near Laguna 
Honda, a reservoir of the Spring Valley Water Works. 
It is on Seventh avenue, south of the Park, and can be 
reached by driving through the Park to Seventh avenue, 
or around from Ingleside (Ocean Road). 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 

AFFILIATED COLLEGES Situated on a command' 
OF THE UNIVERSITY j^g eminence facing Par- 
OF CALIFORNIA ^ .^ ^, 

nassus avenue, to the 

south of Golden Gate Park, are to be seen the several 
buildings of the Affiliated Colleges of the University of 
California. The corner-stone was laid March 27, 1S97, 
amid the very impressive ceremony of the Masonic order, 
by Grand Master Lucas and Dr. Beverly Cole, who is 
called the "Father of the Affiliated Colleges," so earnest 
and hard had been his working for their concentration and 
erection. An appropriation by the State Legislature was 
made in 1895 of $250,000 for the buildings, and through 
the benevolence and public-spiritedness of the late Hon. 
ex-Mayor Adolph Sutro, the University of California is 
indebted for the site. 

As yei but two of the buildings are occupied, the cen- 
tral (or main) building by the Medical Department, and 
the one to the east by the Pharmaceutical. The Colleges 
of Law, Dentistry, and Veterinary are shortly to be re- 
moved here. 

A fine view can be had from the steps of the main 
building: — In the immediate foreground lies the Golden 
Gate Park (page 51), with all its natural beauties and at- 
tractiveness; to the east we see a residence section of the 
city, with its cozily nestled homes and regularly laid out 
streets, and the "Chutes," a place of amusement; glan- 
cing to the left we see Lone Mountain (page 66) and the 
cemeteries (page 26) at its base; to the left again and on 
the other side of the Bay we see the top of Angel Island 
(page 15), then comes Mount Tamalpais (page 74) in all 
its splendor, looming up beyond the Golden Gate (page 
50), which lies before you. Point Bonita (page 80), its 
outer portal on the Marin County shore, can be seen, as 
well as quite a stretch on up the coast; while to the west 
can be seen the broad expanse of the Pacific Ocean, and 
on a clear day the Farallone Islands (page 43). 

The colleges are thirty minutes ride from Market street; 
take Ellis Street electric cars, with red dash-board. 



SOUVENIR BOOKS 

Do not fail to procure 

"IN THE FOOTPRINTS OF THE 

PADRES or 

OLD DAYS IN ELDORADO" 

By Charles Warren Stoddard 

Price, $1.50 



CALIFORNIA VIOLETS" 
By Grace Hibbard 
Price, $1.00 



IDYLS OF ELDORADO" 

By Charles Keeler 
Price, $1.25 



"OBSERVATIONS IN CHINATOWN" 

Illustrated by Peixotto 
Price, $3.50 

AT ALL BOOK-STORES 

PUBLISHED BY 

A. M. ROBERTSON 

126 Post St., San Francisco, Cal. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. I5 

^ .«. ...^ is also in the bay, situated a little 

ANGEL ISLAND ^, * tai I ti ^ ^• 

northwest of Alcatraz Island, and is 

about three miles from San Francisco. It is also a 
military post. It is one and one-half miles long by three- 
quarters of a mile wide, and contains 600 acres, and rises 
760 feet above the bay. There are extensive quarries of 
blue and brown sandstone, which are valuable for build- 
ing purposes, but they are only partially developed. 
Clay of an excellent quality is also to be found on the 
Island. The Quarantine Station is situated on the 
northern portion of the island, on Raccoon straits. 
Portion of Marin county. 

APPRAISERS' on east side of Sansome, extending 
BUILDING from Jackson to Washington streets, 

is a large brick structure, four stories high, with a facing 
of i2o>^ feet on Jackson and Washington streets and 
265 >^ feet on Sansome street. Original cost was 
$1,050,000. 

Federal offices in the Appraisers' Building — 

First floor — Internal Revenue, Marine Hospital, 
Special Agent Treasury, Special Agent Internal Revenue, 
Shipping Commissioner, Agent Secret Service, Inspect- 
or of Hulls and Boilers, Supervising Inspector of Hulls 
and Boilers. 

Second Floor — U. S. Local Appraisers, Coast and 
Geodetic Survey, Inspection and Repairs Revenue 
Cutter Service. 

Third floor— U. S. District Court, Northern District of 
California; U. S. Circuit Court, Northern District of 
Ci'ifornia; U. S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit; Clerks 
of above Courts, U. S. District Attorney, N. D., U. S. 
Marshal, N. D.; U. S. Court Commissioner. 

ARCHITECTURAL It can safely be said that in San 
FEATURES Francisco there can be found 

more varieties of arch tecture than in any city west of 



l6 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Chicago, ranging all the way from the old adobe to the 
new and modern office buildings. On looking out 
Market street (on which the greatest changes have 
taken place), and observing the different heights and 
material used in the making of the buildings a very 
striking contrast presents itself to view. Some of 
the older buildings are of wood, while adjoining rises 
a massive and imposing structure after the Gothic, 
Modern French, or Renaissance style, with varied 
modifications and combinations. Pressed brick, a 
California production, is speedily taking the place of 
granite, sandstone, and stucco work, and presents a very 
trim and solid appearance. Throughout the residence 
portion of the city (excepting Pacific Heights) the 
dwellings are principally of wooden construction, and a 
very noticeable feature (typical of San Francisco) is the 
number of bay windows to be seen. 

ART This magnificent edifice, on southeast 

ASSOCIATION corner of California and Mason 
Streets, was originally a private dwelling, built by one of 
California's pioneer citizens, the late Mark Hopkins. In 
1893 it was given to the city and state by Mr. E. F. 
Searles, of Methuen, Mass., into whose possession it had 
passed, for the purpose of illustration and instruction in 
the fine arts. 

The building in itself is well worth visiting, being 
most richly finished in rare woods and beautiful frescoes. 
The Institute contains a large collection of fine paintings 
and sculpture; a spacious gallery has recently been added 
to its other attractions. 

It is open, free to the public, on the first Friday of each 
month. At all other times an admission fee of 25 cents 
is charged. Open 9 a. m. to 5 p. m., including Sundays. 

The California School of Design, a school for instruc- 
tion in drawing, painting, and modeling, and an affiliated 
college of the University of California, is a part of the 
Mark Hopkins Institute of Art, situated at corner of Pine 
and Mason Streets. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 



17 



BAGGAGE 



can be safely intruslcd to any of the ex- 
press agents who approach you on the 
cars or boats, or at the landings; the charges being 25 
to 50 cents per trunk. 

Parties leaving the city can have their trunks and 
packages called for at their hotels or residences and 
checked upon presenting their tickets to the expressman, 
thereby doing away with the minor details of departure. 






'>i H lli ^ttt *BC »" '---*<^— *^i: 




Telegraph Hill. 



BANK OF situated on the northwest corner of 

CALIFORNIA California and Sansome streets, is a 
splendid structure of a dark-blue stone from the quarries 
of Angel Island. It is symmetrical and of fine propor- 
tion, being two stories his:h and surmounted by a hand- 
some stone balustrade. The bank was organized June 
i8th, 1864, with a paid-up capital of |2, 000, 000. This is 
the bank through which William C. Pa^Lton transacted 



l8 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

all his speculations. He at that time was president, ha\' 
ing succeeded D. O. Mills. On August 26, 1875, ^'^t; 
bank suspended payment, but in less than six weeks 
business was resumed, the stockholders having sub- 
scribed to a guarantee fund of 17,500,000, The after- 
noon of the bank's suspension, Mr. Ralston was drowned 
while bathing in the bay at North Beach. At the 
time of his death, Mr. Ralston owed the vast sum of 
$16,000,000. He was always a prominent and respected 
citizen, and looked forward to a bright and prosperous 
future of the city. 

. . six miles to the west of Golden Gate, is a 

1 n ^ B /V n 

circular bank of sand, measuring fourteen 
miles long on the crest. About two miles of it has four 
fathoms of water, or less, and is called the four-fathom 
bank. One half mile lying between this bank and the 
north shore carries eight fathoms, and is called the North, 
or Bonita, Channel. The remaining ten miles average 
five fathoms, through which the Main Ship and South 
Channels are forced. The Main Ship Channel is directly 
opposite the Golden Gate. 

There are two forces acting on the bar: the ocean, 
and the tidal drainage from the interior. The former 
tends to force the sand up, the latter to beat it down. 
The bar formerly reached in a straight line from point 
to point, but the action of the tide has forced it two 
miles out to sea. It is quite dangerous for vessels to 
attempt to cross during a storm, or when the wind is 
strong, but in fair weather, vessels have been known to 
anchor on the bar, 

BAY OF is the largest, deepest, and safest 

SAN FRANCISCO harbor on the Pacific Coast. It 
is about forty miles long and ten miles wide, and covers 
an area of 450 square miles, extending thirty miles 
north and ten miles south of the city, having a shore line 
of over .'^oo miles. It has an excellent bottom for anchor- 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. I9 

age. The snrroiiiuiin^ hills protect its waters from the 
strori}* wuuls which are \\\>ui to swee[) in from the ocean. 
It opens into the ocean thronojh the Golden Gate, which 
is one mile at inner gate, and two and one-half miles at 
outer entrance, being three miles long, with a channel 
with sixty fath. of water. The channels, while not free 
from rocks, are free from danger, and, indeed. San 
Francisco harbor, bj' reason of its unusual depth of 
entrance, freedom from hidden dangers, conspicuous 
landmarks, and its internal commodiousness and capac- 
ity, is among the finest in the world. 

San Pablo Bay, its northern arm, is twelve miles long, 
and eight miles wide, and connects, by the Straits of 
Car(]uinez, with Suisun Bay to the east, which is six 
miles long, and is the recipient of the waters of the Sac- 
ramento and San Joaquin Rivers. 

In order to secure an untrammeled passageway across 
the bay for the ferry boats, all vessels are obliged to 
anchor outside of an imaginary line drawn from Jackson- 
street Wharf to Goat Island, and from Mission-street 
Wharf to S. P. Wharf at Alameda Point, and outside an 
imaginary line 503 yards from the shore line. The drain- 
age of 53,000 square miles of territory reaches the sea 
through the channels of the bay. Benicia is at the head 
of navigation for deep-sea-going vessels. Steamers and 
sailing vessels load wheat direct for Europe and all 
parts of the world from the many warehouses in the 
upper bay. 

Had it not been for the extensive mud flats immedi- 
ately in front of Oakland, San Francisco would never 
have been what it is to-day. Vessels desiring to unload 
at Oakland were obliged to anchor two miles off shore. 

There has been a channel built out into the bay, 
between two parallel walls of rock taken from Goat and 
Angel Islands. They are 800 feet apart, and 1000 feel 
long, and contain 13S 56) tons of rock. This connects 
with San Antonio Creek, and is called the "Creek 
Route." Sea-going vessels winter here. 



20 SOUVENIR AND AUIDE 

The Bay of San Francisco was first discovered, Novem 
ber 7, 1769, by Friars Crespi and Portala, who traveled 
up the Coast from San Diego in search of Monterey Bay. 
They missed it altogether, and crossed the mountains 
on west side of bay, from whence they saw displayed 
before them the vast inland sea, which they then named 
San Francisco. In August, 1775, Lieut. Ayala, in com- 
mand of the "San Carlos," made an extensive survey of 
the newly discovered inland sea, he being the first to 
sail through the Golden Gate. 

BERNAL in the southern part of the city, rise 480 
HEIGHTS fggt They are easy to reach, but hard to 
ascend, as it is all up-hill climbing, over rough, rocky 
ground 

Take Mission-street electric line, getting off at about 
Twenty-ninth or Thirtieth streets and going to the left. 
A grand view of the city from the south can be had from 
here. Looking to the east, you can see Hunter's Point, 
the Sugar Refinery, Rolling Mills, Union Iron Works; 
following the bay-line past the ferries, we come to Tele- 
graph Hill on the north, with the business portion inter- 
vening; the residences on Nob and Russian Hills can 
easily be discerned, as can those of HoUaday and Pacific 
Heights; to northwest can be seen Buena Vista Park, 
Liberty Hill, and Twin Peaks, Mission Hills closing in 
on the west. A grand panoramic view of the city can be 
had, with the City Hall looming up in the center. 

These heights, and on towards the bay, including the 
Potrero and Hunter's Point, were included in a Mexican 
grant of 4446 acres issued to Jos6 C. Bernal in 1840. 

BLOSSOM is a sub-marine reef in the bay, five feet 
ROCK below high- water. It is three quarters of 

a mile to the east from foot of Powell-street Wharf. A 
buoy marks its place. It was blow^n up by the Govern- 
ment, May 23, 1870. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 21 

The Bay of San Francisco affords one fond 
of boating a grand opportunity for enjoy- 
ment. Sail or row-boats can be hired by the day or 
hour, either with or without an attendant, at almost any 
of the various wharves around the City Front at the 
foot of Powell, Clay, Folsom, Howard, or Fourth 
streets. 

A very pleasant sail can be had by going up the bay 
to Vallejo (the former State capital), to Mare Island Navy 
Yard, and then down past San Quentin, through the 
Raccoon Straits, past Tiburon, Sausalito, and on out 
through the Golden Gate, passing Lime Point on the 
right, and returning, passing Fort Winfield Scott and 
Presidio, Harbor View, and Black Point on the right. 
It is not safe for strangers to venture out on the bay 
without an attendant, as it is very treacherous — squally. 

Lake Merritt, in Oakland, is also a favorite boating 
resort. Lake Stow, in Golden Gate Park, affords a very 
pleasant row, 

BOARD OF is an association of prominent gentlemen 
TRADE throughout the State, organized for the 

purpose of establishing and maintaining an exhibit of the 
agricultural and industrial resources of the State; to 
promote immigration; and to issue from time to time 
pamphlets and circulars of statistical, and other important, 
information concerning the State. 

It also endeavors to encourage the establishment of 
manufacturing and other interests, by exhibiting in the 
principal cities and expositions throughout the United 
States, the great varieties and excellence of California's 
products. Its permanent exhibit is in the Union Ferry 
Depot, foot of Market street, above the offices of the Har- 
bor Commissioners, and California can justly be proud of 
the array of products here displayed, which consists of most 
every known agricultural, horticultural, and mineral prod- 
uct. All visitors to the city should see this exhibit. It is 
open to the public from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. 



22 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

BOHEMIAN at 130 Post street, was incorporated 
^•-^^ in 187?, and is principally composed of 

gentlemen connected professionally with literature, art, 
music, and the drama. 

BRITISH was incorporated in 1865 for the pur- 

^nr i^Tv''^'^'^ pose of affording temporary relief to 
the sick and destitute persons born 
under the British flag. Office, 604 Merchant street. 

BUEIMA VISTA lies just east of Golden Gate Park, 
^^"•^ and to south of Haight street. There 

is a roadway leading to the top of the hill, off Haiglu 
street, opposite Baker street. While it has been set 
aside as a public park, it is nothing as yet but a thickly 
wooded hill of an area of thirty-six acres A grand view 
of the entire city, from the Cliff House round the City 
Front to Hunter's Point, can be had. The Farallones 
and Point Reyes can also be discerned, as can Mt. Tamal- 
pais and Mt. Diablo. St. Joseph's Home is on the south- 
east slope, and the German Hospital and grounds are at 
the eastern base. 

BUILDERS' 40 New Montgomery street, corner Mis- 
EXCHANGE ^\q^ street, back of Palace Hotel. 

CALIFORNIA was incorporated April 29, 1852, and 

HISTORICAL is maintained by private subscription. 
SOCIETY 

It occupies rooms at 819 Market street, 

Academy of Sciences' Building, where a large collection 
of historical works pertaining to California can be found. 

CALIFORNIA situated on north side Bush street. 
J^OTEL above Kearny, is a perfectly fire-prool 

building, and can be easily reached from ferries and rail- 
road depots by street cars. Strictly first-class — ether 
European or American plan. All the modern conven 
iences and luxuries are to be found here; the fittings and 
furnishings are of the latest and most approved types. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 23 

The building is eight stories high, and is built of carved 
stone and pressed brick. The hotel was opened in 
December, 1S90. 

C A LI FO R N I A extending from Pine to California street, 
MARKET between Kearny and Montgomery, is 

one of the sight-seer's goals. In it can be seen fruits of 
all kinds at any season of the year. The meat, poultry, 
fish, and delicacy stalls present a very appetizing sight. 
Fruits are sold in California by the pound, box, or 
basket, as are also vegetables, and not by the measure, 
as is the custom throughout the East. 

CALIFORNIA The Society of California Pioneers oc- 
PIONEERS cupies rooms in the Pioneer Building, 
west side of Fourth street, near Market. The society 
was organized in August, 1850, for the purpose of gath- 
ering information relative to early settlement of the 
State. Any person who was in California prior to Janu- 
ary I, 1849, is eligible to membership, and also any male 
descendant. Such members as have rendered any val- 
uable service, or distinguished themselves by any import- 
ant act, are eligible to honorary membership. There is a 
library, a fine collection of minerals and relics, and other 
objects connected with the early history of the State. 

There is also what they call a second class, admitting 
to membership all who were in the State prior to January 
I, 1850, or any male descendant of such. 

CALIFORNIA SCHOOL located on corner of Six- 
OF MECHANICAL ARTS teenth and Utah streets, 
was founded by James Lick with an endowment of 
$540,000. 

All native-born, male or female, are eligible, provided 
they have passed the eighth grade in the grammar 
schools. The practical arts of life, such as wood, iron, 
and stone working, mechanical and architectural draught- 
ing, are taught. There is no charge for tuition. Twenty 
dollars will cover expenses for tools and material. 



24 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

CALIFORNIA On California street, to the east of 
®' ^^^' Kearny, can be found some of the 

principal banks and insurance companies — French Bank, 
San Francisco Savings Union, German Bank, Spring 
Valley Water Works' offices, with California Market 
opposite; below Montgomery being insurance offices, 
London and San Francisco Bank, Bank of California; 
while on opposite side of street is Safe Deposit Building, 
Merchants' Exchange, Fireman's Fund and other insur- 
ance companies; below Sansome is the Mutual Life and 
several other large insurance companies; while further 
to east, and on toward Market street, can be seen large 
wholesale houses of most every description; while above 
Kearny street, you ascend one of the steepest hills in the 
city, traveled by a cable car, passing the old St. Mary's 
Cathedral on the right, corner of Dupont; Grace Church 
on the left, comer of Stockton; on up to Nob Hill, which 
is described in another portion of this work (Sight-Seeing, 
Section C). 

CALIFORNIA On north side of Bush street, above 
THEATRE Kearny. Seating capacity of 1600. It 

was in this theatre that John McCullough and Lawrence 
Barrett first appeared before a San Francisco audience, 
January, 1869. 

The building was constructed by William C. Ralston 
and others. It was torn down to make place for the new 
California Hotel and Theatre building, $126,000 having 
been paid for the site and building. 

C A LI FO R N I A 3118 Sacramento street, was organized 
WOM AN 'S 1868, for the purpose of caring for old 

women who are destitute, who have 
no means of paying for medical treatment. 

*' CALL" On the southwest corner of Market and 
BUILDING Third streets, stands the tallest building 
on the Pacific Coast. It is the home of "The San Fran- 
cisco Call," one of our leading daily newspapers. The 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 25 

building from sidewalk to top of dome is 300 feet high, 
and contains sixteen floors. The top of the main cornice 
is 210 feet high. It is perfectly fire-proof, being con- 
structed entirely of marble, sandstone, and of steel 
girders. There are 272 offices in the building. Erected 
1896-97. 

CALVARY occupies an imposing site on the 

nufm^XT^'^'^'^ northwest corner of Jackson and 
Fillmore streets. It is one of the 
largest and finest appointed houses of worship on the 
coast, having recently been completed (1902). 

It was formerly located on the site of the "St. Francis 
Hotel," corner Geary and Powell streets, where services 
were held from 1869 to 1900 and previous to that on Bush 
street near Montgomery. 

_ The street-car lines of San Francisco are 
CAR LINES 

mostly cable and electric, very few of 

the old-time horse-cars remaining. The cable system, as 
applied to street-car travel, was first conceived and put 
into operation in San Francisco, the old Clay-street 
road, from Kearny to Leavenworth, having been con- 
structed and in running order by September, 1873. It 
has long since been demolished, and now forms part of 
the Ferry and Cliff House system. Cable cars now 
ascend the hills in every part of the city, the electric cars 
confining their routes, with a few exceptions, to the level 
streets. As yet, we have no elevated or underground 
roads. The life of a cable is about three months, but on 
some roads they are obliged to put in a new one every 
four or five weeks. The Powell-street cable is one 
and a quarter inches in diameter, and one recently put 
in was 26,000 feet in length, and weighed 66,625 pounds. 
The electric roads are run at a much less expense, and 
are last replacing the cable roads, except in the hilly 
districts. There has recently been established a City 
Railway Mail Service, running over the Sacramento, 



26 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Kearny, Mission, Market, and Hayes-street lines. These 
qars are painted white, and do not carry passengers. 
The publishers recommend that all strangers provide 
themselves with a copy of DeWitt's "Street Number 
Directory." For sale at all the book-stores and news- 
stands. Price 50 cents. 

CATHOLIC in South San Francisco, was organized in 

ORPHAN 1851. A more commodious and spacious 

ASYLUM , ^, , ,10 .1 

buildmg was erected ni 1872 on the sum- 
mit of a hill, commanding a grand view. It is under the 
charge of the Sisters of Charity, and is capable of caring 
for nearly 1000 children. The building can be seen from 
most any part of the city. 

_ The principal cemetei ies of San Fran- 
CEMETERIES 

Cisco surround the base of Lone 

-Mountain, which can be fittingly called, the " city of the 

dead." To the north lies the Laurel Hill; to the south, 

Masonic; to east. Calvary; while to the west is the Odd 

Fellows. In any of them, one can see some of the finest 

mausoleum architecture in the State. 

Mission Dolores Cemetery is m the Mission, being on 
Dolores street, between Sixteenth and Seventeenth, ad- 
joining the old church. There is also a military cemetery 
in the Presidio. The combined area of the cemeteries in 
the city is 335 acres. (See separate description following. ) 

Yerba Buena Cemetery was set aside as a public 
burying-place in 1850. It was then a large area of sand, 
covering ten acres, interments having been previously 
made at North Beach, Clark's Point, and Happy Valley. 
There was also a burying-place on Russian Hill. The 
first burial was in the early part of 1850, and four years 
later it had some 4000 graves. Many having been taken 
sick while en route to California, others returning from 
the interior, who were beyond medical aid and dying, 
were buried here. The City Hall stands on the ground 
of the old Yerba Buena Cemetery. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 27 

Calvary Cemetery lies between Geary, Turk, and 
Broderick streets and Masonic avenue, main entrance 
being west of Broderick street, opposite Ellis. Many 
large and cosily monuments and vaults are to be seen 
here. The remains of W. S. O'Brien, VV. Dunphy, and 
Mrs. VVm. Sharon are buried here. 

City Cemetery is on Twenty-fourth, near Point Lobos 
avenue, overlooking the Golden Gate. It is passed by 
the extension of the Jackson-street cable system, and by 
the steam-cars which go to the Cliff House and Sutro 
Heights. 

Laurel Hill Cemetery lies between California and 
Post streets, and west from Central avenue to Williamson 
street. Main entrance is on the west side of Central 
avenue, opposite Bush street. This cemetery, which was 
formerly called Lone Mountain Cemetery, was dedi- 
cated May 30, 1854. and the first interment made June 
2. 1854. Upon entering, you pass the superintendent's 
office on the right, and upon following the main avenue, 
you pass the Luning and Larkin vaults on the left, while 
on the right lie the remains of the late Senator J. F. 
Miller. Upon following this road, you soon reach the old 
vault formerly used by the Chinese (this was formerly 
the City Ce netery); passing to the right and taking road 
below, you pass the plots of the "Elks" and "San 
Francisco Volunteer Fire Department and Exempt Fire 
Co." Returning, you pass numerous costly and elegant 
monuments and vaults, where are laid to rest many of 
the makers and founders of the commonwealth of 
California— Milton S. Latham, D. C. Broderick, VV. C. 
Ralston, H, H. Toland, Fair, Flood, Newhall, McAllister, 
Wilson, Babcock, Colonel E. D. Baker, and many others. 

Masonic Cemetery lies between Masonic and Parker 
avenues, Turk and Fulton streets. It is handsome and 
well kept. The broad walks, green grass, and profusion 
of flowers make it a very attractive spot. There is also 



28 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

a fountain just to the left of the main road. The grounds 
are in a sheltered spot, being to the lee of Lone Moun- 
tain, which rises in all its majestic magnitude to the west 
and north. Upon an eminence in the center of the 
grounds are erected some of the finest vaults and 
monuments to be seen in the cemetery — the Wieland, 
Bradbury, Fry, Cole, and Frapolli, being particularly 
noticeable. From this point a grand view up the coast 
to Point Arena can be had. On a clear day the Farallone 
Islands can be seen. The receiving vaults are on the 
south side, and well sheltered. The remains of Fargo, 
Garratt, Brittain, VVhittell, and many others closely con- 
nected with the early history of the State, are buried in 
this cemetery. The Pioneers also have a plot here. 

Mission Dolores, between Sixteenth and Seven- 
teenth streets, adjoins the old Mission church. It has not 
been used for interment purposes since 1858. Don Luis 
Arguello, the first California governor under the Mexi- 
can domain, lies here, as do, also, Jas. F. Casey, an 
ex-convict from Sing Sing, who was executed by the 
Vigilance Committee in 1856, and other personages noted 
for their connection with the early history of the city. 
The inscriptions are mostly in the Spanish language. 

National Cemetery is located in the Presidio reser- 
vation, on a rising ground just beyond the barracks and 
parade. To the right are to be seen the soldiers' graves, 
each marked with a small, white marble slab. Off to the 
west-center is the monument erected by the sympathiz- 
ing and appreciative citizens of Sacramento, in memory of 
the five members of Battery L, of the Fifth Artillery, who 
were killed by strikers near Sacramento, July 11, 1894. 
It is guarded day and night by sentries, as attempts and 
threats have been made by strikers to blow it up, on 
account of the inscription, which they claim is unjust. 
On the left is the plot of Geo. H. Thomas Post, No. 2, 
G. A. R., marked by a granite statue of a soldier stand- 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 29 

ing at parade rest; erected 1892. General McDowell, 
Colonel Basil Norris, and other noted officers and men 
are buried here. 

Odd Fellows Cemetery is situated on the western 
slope of Lone Mountain, entrance being on Point Lobos 
avenue. There are two entrances, one for carriages, 
which extends nearly across the entire front, and the 
other for the use of those on foot. Both entrances are 
flanked by two large, artistic, granite posts. Upon enter- 
ing the grounds you pass the keeper's house on the 
right ; while just beyond is the De Young monument. On 
the left are numerous flower-beds and the Columbarium, 
beyond which is the receiving vault. After passing many 
well-kept plots and monuments, you come to the Crema- 
torium, the only one in the city. Beyond are several 
plots belonging to the various I. O. O. F. lodges ; and 
upon the slope of the hill is the G. A. R. plot, well kept, 
with a very fittingly inscribed monument. The Ladies' 
Relief Corps of the G A. R have also erected a monu- 
ment here. There are some very fine monuments and 
vaults to be seen throughout the grounds. 

CHINA- covering an area of about ten square blocks, 
TOWN ijeg n^ thg heart of the city, being bounded by 
California and Pacific, Kearny and Stockton streets. The 
Sacramento and Clay-street cars pass through from east 
to west. There are 10,000 Mongolians living here, while 
there are about 3000 more scattered around about the city 
in the various laundries and residences, acting in the 
capacity of cooks, etc. There are a great many narrow 
streets running in all directions, lined on both sides with 
gambling-houses, stores, and rows of barred windows, 
behind which are wretched female slaves or prostitutes. 
One is impressed with the numerous grocery and meat 
stores, and fruit-stands where the sugar-cane can be 
procured. At one time the Chinese controlled the pork 
industry of the city, all the pork used going through 



30 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

their hands. They are very fond of smoked fish and 
poultry, and at most any time of the day you can see 
them drinking tea and eating their rice with chopsticks. 
The majority of the Chinese population is of the lower 
class, but we have here some very refined and sharp 
business men, as well as bankers and traders. They are 
very hard to drive a bargain with; you are worsted 
nearly every time. The women dress very gaudily, 
their hair being dressed to the highest degree of the 
barber's art. They never wear any head-gear. They 
generally wear large, loose-fitting blouses, with huge 
sleeves, and a pair of trousers of equally generous dimen- 
sions. The feet, which are very small, are covered with 
a close-fitting, generally white, stocking, and are fitted 
in a wooden-soled shoe, with a pointed heel in the 
middle of the sole. A ring of bone or ivory generally 
encircles their ankU-s and wrists. Their faces, which are 
full and round, are generally painted to a high degree, 
being in full touch with their hair. 

One should not leave San Francisco without doing 
Chinatown at night. A guide can be obtained 

who, for a small sum, will take you througli 
all the crooks and nooks. Ladies should be left at 
home, unless they have lungs strong enough to endure 
t!ie most dreadful of stenches. It is always better to jjo 
in the night, when all the workmen are resting, gaming, 
or smoking opium, and you see a very different side of 
life. There are restaurants, barber-shops, gaming-dens, 
opium-joints, theatres, and joss-houses, and many other 
points of interest to be seen. The restaurants, which 
can be distinguished by their elegant fronts, are well 
worth visiting. Their tea is always of the best, and all 
kmds of preserves and cooked meats can be eaten with 
a relish. Chinese nuts and candies are also served. Oil 
ui a corner you can ofttimes see a group of Chinamen 
eating, with their chopsticks, from bowls which are held 
close to their mouths. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 3I 

The temples, or Joss-houses^ as t'v^y are more com- 
monly called, are interesting^ in tlu extreme. Visitor.^ 
are allowed full liberty to stroll aboui Yon can see all 
manner of hideous idols and images perched u|)on stands, 
with gorgeous drapery and decorations, while in from 
are burning tapers and punks stick ng up from pots of 
earth. 

The Chinese New Year (between January 20th and 
February 20th, approximatt-ly), affords one the best 
opportunity of seeing them in full blast. They havt 
their separate josses, each representing some one of the 
powers, — such as fire, sickness, water, war, etc. Some 
are vegetarians, being offered only vegetables, while 
others are offered fruits, meats, wine, or teas. 

The Chinese as a whole are a 'very industrious and 
imitative race. They are engaged in all sorts of indus- 
tries — some making boots and shoes, some clothes, 
others cigars, fruit-canning and preserving, and in fact, 
nearly every pursuit the white man plys. The workmen 
labor for a small [pittance, and in that way their goods 
can be, and are, offered in successful competition with 
white labor. 

Funerals. — Upon the death of a Chinaman, baked 
meats and fruit cakes, wine, and teas are placed in great 
profusion at the foot of the coffin. The hired lady 
mourners, dressed in white, proceed to go through their 
lamentalons. The body is then put in the hearse and 
taken to the cemetery. Along the route slips of paper, 
in imitation of Chinese money, are strewn, to keep off the 
bad spirits. The baked meats, etc., — and even a whole 
hog — are often taken to the cemetery and placed over 
the grave. Lighted punks are then placed in the ground 
and left to burn, while the major part of the food is 
brought back, and the mourners proceed to have a funeral 
feast. The bones of all dead Chinamen are, after being 
thoroughly cleaned, returned to China. The shops out- 



32 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

wardly present a very uninviting appearance, but once 
inside a very different atmosphere surrounds you. 
The most wonderful crapes, delicate embroideries, and 
gorgeous carving come out, as if by magic, and array them- 
selves before you. China and bamboo curios, perfumes, 
and paints are to be seen in endless variety, and can be 
had (with a little bargaining) at reasonable prices. The 
Chinese are very clever in their dealings. 

Chinese Theatres afe in full blast the year round, 
and especially during the period of their New Year. All 
visitors should avail themselves of a trustworthy guide 
(ask hotel clerks), and be piloted through theatres in 
their trip through Chinatown. Visitors are permitted to 
sit upon the stage, and to even inspect their dressing- 
rooms, which are directly off the stage. Chinese women 
never appear on the stage. Chinamen acting their parts 
so perfectly that one cannot detect the deception. The 
musicians keep up such a constant beating of cymbals, 
drums, and of blowing squeaky horns, that one is glad to 
get out into the street again, where he is free from the 
fumes of smoking-tobacco, etc. 

The Chinese do an immense business in the laundry 
line, having wash-houses all over the city. 

Chinese Immigration. — The first Chinese to arrive 
in this State came on the brig *' Eagle," February 2, 1848. 
They were two men and one woman. In 1850, 450 had 
arrived; in 1851, 2700; in 1852, 18,000, — 10,000 of whom 
arrived during the month of June; in 1890, there were 
24,613 in San Francisco alone. Large numbers went 
direct to the mines, working for a few cents a day. The 
law is such now that no Chinaman can come from China, 
except certified merchants or officials. 

••r»uooMir»i F »• occupiesa striking edifice at the cor- 
CH RON ICLE ^^^ ^j. jy^^j-i^gt Geary, and Kearny 

streets. It is nine stories high, and surmounted by a 
bronze clock-tower, 210 feet high. The building is built 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 33 

of a pressed brick and a dark brown sandstone (sespe) 
found in Ventura county. The offices of the paper are 
on the ground floor occupying the Kearny-street front, 
while the press-rooms are in the basement below. The 
composing and editorial rooms are on the top floor. 
The other floors are rented as office rooms, and are fur- 
nished with all known modern improvements. It is 
now one ol the leading newspapers west of Chicago. 

" The Chronicle " was first issued as the " Daily 
Dramatic Chronicle," January i6, 1865, was distributed 
free, and run as such until September i, 1868, when it 
became a full-fledged newspaper of seven columns, ot an 
independent and aggressive nature. It has been en- 
larged, from time to time, until it is now of the standard 
size, and one of the leading papers on the Pacific Coast. 

There are some 125 churches of various 
denominations in the city, many of which 
have their benevolent and charitable societies, which 
accomplish an immense amount of good among the 
destitute and needy, such as providing cheap boarding 
and lodging houses, homes for girls and aged women, 
hospitals and orphan asylums, food and clothing. (See 
separate description; also list.) 

CHURCH OF THE on the south side of Eleventh, 
ADVENT between Market and Mission 

streets, is at present in an unfinished state, the two 
towers remaining to be finished, and presents a very 
heavy and abrupt front. The building is constructed 
of light-colored brick and terra cotta, 

CITY AND COUNTY is located on Potrero avenue, 
HOSPITAL near Twenty -second street. 

Take Howard street cars to Twenty-fourth street and 
Potrero avenue, then walk two blocks to left (east). 



34 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

^.^w ^^^^.^ A Stroll around the City Front will 
CITY FRONT . . ./'. .^. ^, 

impress one more forcibly with the 

extent of our manufacturing, shipping, and commerce 

than all the statistics you can devour. Commencing at 

Harbor View, the Fulton Iron and Ship-building Works 

are first inspected; the Gas Works are soon reached, 

then Fort Mason — U. S. Military Reservation — the large 

warehouses of Fontana Fruit Packing Co., and Ghirar- 

delli's Chocolate and Mustard W^orks following next. 

The plant of the Equitable Gas Works, foot of Hyde 

Street, and the American Steel and Wire Works, foot of 

Mason Street, are next passed, and the sea-wall is finally 

reached, at the west end of which is Fisherman's Wharf 

and the Custom and Quarantine stations. Following the 

line of the sea-wall one passes through a shed of ample 

dimensions, where large shipments of wheat are being 

discharged and stowed away, waiting to be reshipped to 

some foreign port. Emerging from the shed, we reach 

the freight slips, where trains are received from and 

dispatched to points throughout the interior. We next 

pass a series of wharves projecting into the bay, along- 

iiideof which are vessels discharging cargoes from foreign 

ports and reloading with Pacific Coast products. Further 

on are the headquarters of the tow-boat fleet, beyond 

which are some of the many coal bunkers, with huge 

colliers unloading their dusky cargoes. Trees have 

recently been planted around the City Front from Vallejo 

Street to the Union Depot. Next we come to the wharves 

of the P. C S. S. Co., where steamers are taken for 

coast ports and Alaska; then the O. and O. line is 

reached, with its steamers for Honolulu, Australia, 

Samoa, etc.; next we come to the wharves where the 

river steamers unload their country products. 

During the fruit season the wharves are literally 

covered with fruits and vegetables that can find no 

market. The supply being in excess of consumption, it 

is ofttimes dumped into the bay, that being the cheapest 



TO SAN FRANCISCO 35 

way of disposal. W'e are now at the Union Ferry Depot, 
fo(jt of Market Street, where the ferry-boats are taken 
for various points on the bay and interior, and where the 
stranger from across the continent first lands. 

To the south of the ferry is the Ferry Post-office and 
numerous piers, same as we ha\e just passed, alongside 
of which are many lumber-laden vessels discharging their 
cargoes of redwood, pine, and other Pacific Coast timber, 
as well as more coal bunkers and their discharging 
vessels. We are now at the U. S. Army Transport docks, 
where thousands of soldiers have taken ship for our new 
possessions in the Orient, and millions of dollars worth 
of stores and supplies dispatched. The wharves here 
turn to the right and we see the Merchants' Dry Dock, 
with some vessel being repaired or having her bottom 
cleaned of the large accumulation of barnacles. Then 
the freight yards and slips of the Santa Fe, and more 
coal bunkers and lumber yards are passed, reaching 
the P. M. S. S. Company's wharf, foot of First and 
Brannan Streets, where passage is taken for the Hawaiian 
Islands, China, Japan, Philippine Islands, and New York 
via Panama. 

We next reach the freight slips of the Southern Pacific, 
where the freight-boats dock that carry the cars to and 
from Oakland Creek. Channel Street, a canal about five 
blocks long, is crossed; the freight-yards, etc., of the 
Santa Fe, the Arctic Oil Works, Union Iron Works, 
Risdon Iron Works, Spreckels' Sugar Refinery, and 
California Barrel Works are also worth inspection. This 
brings us to the present end of our improved City Front, 
though it really extends several miles below to Hunter's 
Point Dry Docks. 

CITY HALL occupies a large, three-cornered tract of 
land bounded by Larkin and McAllister 
Streets and City Hall Avenue. 

Verba Buena Cemetery formerly occupied the ground 
on which the City Hall now stands. The bodies of the 
early pioneers were removed to Laurel Hill and other 



36 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

cemeteries in the early sixties. The building, which has 
just been completed, has been some twenty years build- 
ing, and has cost nearly |6,ooo,ooo. At the eastern gore 
stands the Hall of Records, a large, circular, fire-proof 
building, connected with the main build n? by an open 
corridor. It is surmounted by a dome, 134 feet high. The 
Corinthian pilasters surrounding the building are forty- 
eight feet high. 

The rooms of the Boards of Education, Supervisors, 
Health and Police Commissioners, Auditor, County 
Clerk, Chief of Police, District Attorney, License Col- 
lector, Public Administrator, Recorder, Sheriff, Surveyor, 
Tax Collector, Treasurer, and Mayor, are all located in 
the main building. 

The City Prison is located in the northwest wing, 
in the basement, and the Receiving Hospital is in a like 
position in the southwest wing. 

The Free Public Library is located on the second 
floor on the McAllister-street side. 

On the south side rises a large artistic tower dome, 
115 feet in diameter. This is the handsomest dome this 
side of Chicago, and rises 335 feet from the sidewalk. It 
is surrounded by numberless Corinthian and Ionic 
columns arrayed in tiers. The roof of the dome is 
covered with a copper sheathing. 

Surmounting all this, is the figure of "Progress," 
thirty feet from base to top of torch, which she holds 
upraised. The figure is twenty-two feet high; the ball 
on which the statue stands is eighteen feet in diameter. 
The dome cost the immense sum of |4io,ooo. 

The grounds about the building are laid out in flower 
beds and grass plots, and the whole is surrounded by a 
low granite wall with artistic lamp-posts set equi-distant 
around the building. 

The building covers an area of four acres, and is 
ninety feet high from sidewalk to top of balustrade on 
main building. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 37 

CITY Our system of street railroads, with the 

TRAVEL systematic distribution of transfers, gives a 
passenger perft-ct facilities for reaching most any part 
of the city, and for one fare — five cents. The fares are 
the same on all lines. 

CLIFF situated on the extreme western shore of the 
HOUSE ^^ity^ at the south head of the Golden Gate,- 
on Point Lobos, is seven miles from the Palace Hotel. 
It was burned to the ground on the night of December 
25. 1894. little being saved. It was built on October, 
1863, and partially wrecked July 14, 1886, by an explosion 
of 80,000 pounds of dynamite on the schooner "Parallel," 
which drilted close in shore. 

Presidents Grant, Hayes, and Harrison, and many 
other noted personages, have stood on the balconies of 
the old building, and watched the seals on the rocks, and 
the long surging surf as it broke on the beach. 

The present structure was designed after the style of 
a French chateau of the seventeenth century. On the 
main floor (off the road) is an enclosed balcony, surround- 
mg the building, from which an unobstructed view can 
be had of the marine approach to the harbor. Photo- 
graphs and curios of all kinds are tastefully displayed, to 
entrap the tourist into investing in some little souvenir 
of the occasion. The parlor, restaurant, and bar, and 
numerous private dining-rooms are also located on this 
floor. The floor above is devoted to parlors, dining and 
private rooms, and a large banquet room. 

There is an elevator, which for five cents takes you up 
into the highest tower, from which point a grand view is 
to be had. There is a cosy little dining-hall at this land- 
ing, in which one can luncheon and take in sights. 
A camera obscura is being constructed, which will afford 
considerable amusement and entertainment to the many 
visitors. 

The Cliff is reached by several lines of cars. The 



38 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Ferries and Cliff House cable lines (Sacramento and 
Jackson streets), transferring to steam car running out to 
California and Lake streets to, and following, the bluffs on 
southern side of the Golden Gate to grounds immedi- 
ately over Cliff. California-street cable line transfers at 
Central avenue to steam -car line mentioned above, 
■^utter-street cable line transfers at Central avenue to the 
Sutro electric road which, on leav ng Central avenue, 
goes out California street, to WilliamsoTi. to Clement, 
and out Point Lobos avenue to Sutro Baths, just aoove 
the Cliff. Haight-street cable line (Market-street system) 
transfers to steam carat Stanyan street. Or one can take 
a drive through Golden Gate Park, or out Point Lobos 
avenue (extension of Geary street). All car-fares to 
Cliff House, five cents. 

The restaurant attached to the Cliff House is world- 
famous. One can sit for hours on the veranda facing the 
ocean, and watch the sea-lions basking in the sun i.r 
swimming around on the rocks, only a few hundred 
yards away from the building. Immediately to the 
-outh can be seen a long stretch of sandy beach with the 
b eakers rolling in, presenting a view not to be equaled 
at many resorts. Point San Pedro can be seen in the far 
distance. From the porch at the north you can see the 
exterior of the bath houses, also the break-water and the 
basin into which the waves are depositing the salt sea 
water for the tanks, and the tunnels through the rocks 
through which it passes. On the hill above is the signal 
station of the Merchants' Exchange. Beyond, on the 
opposite shore, can be seen Point Bonita, and on, up the 
coast, thirty-three miles, Point Reyes. On a clear day the 
Farallone Islands, twenty-six miles out to sea, can be 
seen. 

CLIMATE AND There are but two seasons in Cali- 
DRESS. fornia (wet and dry), instead of the 

four seasons as in the Eastern States. The wet season 
generally begins about the middle of .November and 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 39 

lasts till March, with an occasional li^ht shower in 
Apiil. Our winters (mid-wet season) are cielii^iitrul. 
inasinuch as it seldom rains hard, and when it does, it 
very frequently happens duriii.^ the night, so that it leav^-- 
the day very pleasant, resemblin^^a summer's day. TIt 
averaii^e rainfall is twenty-three inches. Hot days are few 
September being: o;enerally the hottest month in theyrar 
The avei"age temperature during the summer mont 
(dry season) is tifty-eight degrees. The nights are alv\a\- 
cool, wiiich afford one perfect rest and repose. 

Being situated, as we are, on a peninsula, betwet i. 
two b dies of water, we are subjected to high winds, 
which are very prevalent during July and August, with 
frequent fogs during July, August, and September. 

It is very important that travelers wear heavy under- 
garments and outside wraps, as the weather is very 
changeable. The residents wear the same weight of 
undergarments the year round. The climate is very 
healthy, but cannot be recommended for pei sons troubled 
with any lung trouble. One need never be afraid of 
being sunstruck, or of being bitten by mad dogs. 



COLUMBIA On west side of Powell street, above 
THEATRE Market, opposite Baldwin Hotel. It was 
first opened as Stockwell's Theatre. It is a pretty little 
theatre, seating 1400. 

COLUMBO This is where the Italian vegetables and 
MARKET garden-truck are disposed of, by the 
farmers, to the vegetable and fruit-venders, who have 
regular routes of customers. 

It is a large, spacious building with a street, or bro i< 
passage way. extending from block to block, on boll 
sides of which are open stalls, where th ves^etables, etc.. 
are sold direct from the gardens. The produce is hauled 
there during the night and early morning, so as to be 



40 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

fresh and ready for the day's sales. The market covers 
half a block and extends from Front to Davis streets. 

^....^., . ..^_^ The hotels all have coaches to con- 

CONVEYANCES , . *u ^ . j 

vey guests from the depots and 

landings, free of charge; or if you are not going to stop 
at any of the various hotels, the street-car lines traverse 
the city in all directions, and upon inquiry of any of the 
police officers on duty at the depots, you will ascertain 
the most direct line, or the coupes or carriages will 
convey you to your destination, charges as below enu- 
merated: — 

Within district bounded by Broadway, Gough, and Twelfth Streets, 
and the City Front, or for one mile. 

Ong.kors^ Coupi hand-baggage free. ^'^or^CarrmgT^' 

1 1 00. One, or two passengers. $1-50 

More than two passengers .. 2.00 

.25. Each additional mile (each passenger).. 25 

1.50. ( ailing and Shopping, first hour . 2.00 

1.00. Calling and Shopping, subsequent hour 1.50 

3.00. Theat res, Balls, and Parties, both ways reserved 4.00 

3.00. Weddings 400 

2.00. German Hospital 2.50 

2.00. City and County Hospital 250 

2.50. St. Luke's Hospital 3.00 

3.50. Funerals, three hours. 400 

Funerals, over three hours, by the hour 

Funerals — To City Cemetery 5.00 

Funerals— To Holy Cross Cemetery 6.00 

2.50. Black Point 3.00 

3.00. Oakland Point (ferriage extra) 4.00 

4.00. Villa 5.00 

4.00. Park Drive 500 

5.00 Park Drive and to end of Heach Road 700 

6.00. Ingleside, z/z'a Park 800 

6.00. Cliff House, z/m Park and return 8.00 

Cliff House, z/za Park and return, z//a Ingleside 1000 

4.00. Alms Heuse 5.00 

3.00. Presidio 4.00 

4.00. Presidio and Fort Poitit. S 00 

500. Presidio and Fort Point Drive. .. 6.00 

7.00. Presidio, Fort Point, and Park Drive 10.00 

Presidio, Fort Point, Cliff House, and Park Drive . . 10.00 

14-Mile House 12.00 

.. ^.. _. ..« occupies comfortable quarters 

CONCORDIA CLUB . ^ a a . . 

m a new and modern structure 

at the southeast corner of Van Ness avenue ?nd Post 
streets. The building is four stories high, and built of 
brick and sandstone. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 41 

CROCKER occupying^ the gore at intersection of Post, 
BUILDING Montgomery, and Market streets, is a 
symmetrical structure, of Rocklin granite, light-pressed 
brick, and terra-cotta ornamentations. 

The ground-floor is occupied by the Crocker-Wool- 
worth National Bank and Shreve & Co., jewelers, while 
the u[>per stories are devoted to offices, of which there 
are over 250. It is eleven stories high, the lower two of 
which are of granite. 

The finishing of the main entrance, which extends 
from Market to Post streets, is of a rich, brown marble; 
on the left are three elevators, of modern construction, 
while, directly opposite, is a grand staircase, leading to 
the second story. 

It was constructed in 1891-92. The building has a 
frontage of 158 feet on Market street and 174 feet on 
Post, and is over 130 feet high. The cost was $1,000,000. 

Paper money (greenbacks and Na- 
tional Bank notes) is looked on with 
considerable suspicion, there being very little of that 
commodity used on this coast, — gold and silver being 
used universally. Copper coins are seldom seen, and 
not commonly used in the daily purchases, except at the 
Post Office. 

Foreign money is not current in the United States, 
but can be exchanged at the various money-brokers. 

^ ^..^.. ..^..^^ The United States Custom House 
CUSTOM HOUSE • *u * a 

occupies the two upper floors of 

the Post Office building, at the corner of Washington 

and Battery streets, with an entrance on Battery. 

_. r^^Lj^..«.^,-<-. are of rare occurrence. A strange 
EARTHQUAKES , . . ^ 

and erroneous impression seems to 

have gained considerable credence, that severe shocks of 

earthquakts are experienced in San Francisco. 

For the past half century there are not known to have 



42 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

been more than half a dozen lives lost from the eflfects of 
earthquakes, while in the New England and Middle States, 
and in the Mississippi Valley, hundreds are killed annu- 
ally by sunstroke, lightning, hurricanes, and tornadoes, 
in addition to the millions of dollars' worth of property 
destroyed by tornadoes and blizzards. 



F. M. DeWITT 

Dealer in 

New, Old, Rare, Scarce 

3ooks 

For Dealers, Collectors, and 
Libraries 



Are you a collector of First or Karly Editions, 
Biography, Art, Travels, Histor}^ Americana or 
Local Histories, Etc., Etc., Etc.? 

Send me your list of wants, and, having the best 
of facilities of picking up books, I may happen 
onto 3^our wants while searching for others. 



Correspondents in All the Book Centers 
of the World 

Pacific Coast Histories and Publications 
a Specialty 

FREDERIC M. DcWITT 

Dealer in Books 

318 POST STREET SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. 



THE. ELMPORIUM 



The Emporium, on the south side of Market Street, between 
Fourth and Fifth, is the largest Department Store in California, and 
in its architectural features is the handsomest in the world. The 
store prf^pcr occupies a floor space of nine acres, magnificently 
equipped with mahogany counters and shelving, the bases of which 
are finished with Tennessee marble. A band-stand of ornamental 
bronze, is located in the center of the building, immediately under 
a magnificent dome which is lOO feet high. The store is lighted at 
night with 560 arc and 10,000 incandescent lights, which make it 
a veritable fairy palace. There are from 1,500 to 2,000 employees, 
according to the season of the year. 

There are sixty departments, selling everything wanted for 
home or per-onal use. 

Among the innovations of this great store are a cafe to dine in; 
public long distance telephones; luxuriously appointed free parlors, 
furnished with free newspapers periodicals and stationery; a branch 
United States Money-order Post-office; Western Union Telegraph 
Office; nursery for small children; emergency hospital and trained 
nurse; free parcel and check room; fast running elevators; barber 
shop; chiropodi.-it and masseur; ladies' hair dressing and manicur- 
ing department; in fact every modern luxury and convenience for 
shoppers. 

All Market Street cars stop at the imposing entrance, which is 
of grand dimensions, being 45 feet high by 25 feet wide. It is of 
massive bronze and Frenth plate-glass, and i- considered one of the 
handsomest specimens of the bronze-makers' art in .\merica. 




The Emporium, Market Street 



3a 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 43 

" FXAMIN FR»» ^'^^ ^^^ P'rancisco *'Examiner" is 
the leading exponent of the principles 
of Democracy on the Pacific Coast. Its offices are loca- 
ted in the rotunda of the Hearst building ; an eight-story 
structure on the southeast corner of Market and Third 
streets. The loggias along the top stories, with their dec- 
orated columns, and the ornamented windows of the 
second story break the severity of the exterior. The 
building is of the Spanish Renaissance style of archi- 
tecture. 

FARALLONE (pronounced fair-al-jo'-nais) consist 
ISLANDS Qf gj-5 rugged and picturesque rocky 

islands, about twenty-six miles west of the Golden Gate. 
They appear to have been formed by some volcanic 
eruption. 

The largest of the group, nearly one mile in diameter, 
is to the south, and rises 348 feet. On the extreme 
summit there is a tower, seventeen feet high, in which 
there is a light-house station, with a revolving light, with 
a flash of ten seconds' duration each minute. There is 
also a fog-whistle or horn, of curious construction. A 
huge horn or trumpet is placed with the large end inserted 
in one of the many caves on the island, and as the waves 
rush into the aperture, they force the wind through the 
horn, thus blowing the whistle. Large herds of sea-lions 
make their homes on, or about, the islands, which are also 
inhabited by innumerable flocks of sea-gulls and murres. 
During the summer, they are to be seen in large num- 
bers, breeding and laying eggs in most any convenient 
spot on the bare rocks. Large quantities of these eggs 
are gathered and sold in the markets for cooking pur- 
poses. The eggs are much sought after by tourists, on 
account of their size and peculiar appearance. The 
other islands are smaller, being mere pointed rocks. 
North and south, islands are six and one-half miles 
apart 



44 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

FERRY, BAY, AND OAKLAND and all points north, 
RIVER STEAMERS q^^i^ and south, via Southern 
Pacific, — Union Ferry Depot, Broad Gauge. 

Alameda, Newark, San Jose, Los Gatos, Big Trees, 
and Santa Cruz. Union Ferry Depot, Narrow Gauge. 

Berkeley, Union Ferry Depot, Broad Gauge. 

Sausalito, San Rafael, Camp Taylor, Cazadero, and 
all points on the N. P. C. R. R., Union Ferry Depot. 

TiBURON, San Rafael, Petaluma, Santa Rosa, Sonoma, 
Ukiah, and all points on California and Northwestern Ry., 
Union Ferry Depot. 

Point Richmond, Antioch, Stockton, and all points 
south and east, via Santa Fe system, Union Ferry Depot. 

Vallejo and Mare Island. — Steamer " Monticello," 
Pier 2; " Herald," Market Street wharf, south of ferry; 
" Sunol," Pier 3. 

Sacramento River Points. — Steamers Market .Street 
wharf, south of ferry. 

San Joaquin River Points. — Stockton, etc., Pier i. 

Petaluma. — Steamer from bulkhead, Washington St. 

Napa. — Steamers from Pier 3. 

Alviso and San Jose. — Steamer from bulkhead, 
Jackson Street. 

RAILROAD DEPOTS. 

South KKN Pacific, LInion Ferry Depot, via ferry- 
boat to Oakland, for Portland and points along 'Shasta 
Route ; " for all points east of Sacramento, via " Ogden 
Route ;" Los Angeles, and all points south and east, via 
"Sunset Route;" and for Vallejo, Napa, Calistoga, 
Santa Rosa, Stockton, San Jose, and Santa Cruz. 

Third and Townsend Streets, for San Jose, Monte- 
rey, Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, and all points along the 
new " Coast Line." 

Santa Fe, Union Ferry Depot, via ferry-boat to Point 
Richmond for Stockton. Fresno, Los Angeles, and all 
points along the " Santa Fe Systems." 



Pacific Coast Steamship 

{^ r^r^^r^'^ww.r Steamships leave Broadway 
V^UIIlUclliy Wharves, San Francisco 

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ROUTE 

For Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, and vSan Diego.— The express 
steamers '"Santa Rosa" and "State of California.'— Sundays and 
Wednesdays, at 9 a. m. 

For Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz, Monterey. San Luis 
Obispo, Ventura, Ktc— steamers "Bonita" and "Coos Bay."— 9 a. m. 
every fourth day. 





Steamship " cspokane " 

SAN FRANCISCO-HUMBOLDT BAY ROUTE 

For Kureka, — steamer "Pomona," — every fifth day at 1:30 p. ni. 
SAN FRANCISCO-MEXICAN ROUTE 

For Ensenada,San Jose del Cabo, Mazatlan, Altata, Santa Rosalia, 
andGuaymas, — steamer "Curacao," — 10 a. m., seventh of each month. 

SAN FRANCISCO-B. C. AND PUGET SOUND ROUTE 

For Victoria, Port Townsend, Seattle, Tacoma, Vancouver, Etc. — 
Steamer "Queen," "City of Puebla," or "Umatilla," — every fifth day, 
at II a. m. 

SOUTH-EASTERN ALASKA ROUTE 

For K etchikan, Wr^ngel, Juneau, Treadwell s, Douglas City, Skag- 
uay, Ktc. Express steamers leave Seattle every fifth day at 9 p ni. 
Intermediate steamers every few days. Passengers from San Frau- 
ci.sco for Alaska, change steamers at Seattle. 

NOME ROUTE 

For Nome, — steamers "Senator" and "Valencia." Will leave 
Seattle June i and June 7, respectively, and fortnightly thereafter 
during the season. 

Right is reserved to change steamers or sailing dates. For 
further information obtain folder and other printed matter. 

Ticket Office 

4 NEW MONTGOMERY STREET S^orm.^ 

GooDALL, Perkins & Co., General Agents 

10 MARKET STREET SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 

oriT ^^^ Union Ferry Depot recently com- 
pleted at the foot of Market Street, 
fittingly keeps pace with the steady progress San Fran- 
cisco has made within the past fifty years. The ground 
over which this structure is built is what is called "made 
ground " (see page 107). The west or shore front is of a 
soft-colored sandstone from Colusa County, Cal. There 
is a continuous arcade across the front (659 feet), from 
which are the entrances to the various ferries and the bag- 
gage-rooms. From these entrances you pass into the 
waiting-rooms and on onto the lower decks of the boats. 
South of the main stairways are the ferries going to Oak- 
land, Alameda and Berkeley, and to all points east ; while 
to the north are the ferries to Sausalito and Tiburon. On 
either side of the main exit are stairways leading to the 
Grand Nave, 656 feet long by 48 feet wide. The floor is 
finished in Mosaic, as is also the Grand Seal of the State 
of California, at the head of the stairways, while on the 
sides is a wainscoting of Tennessee marble. Along the 
apex of the roof, which is 42 feet high, runs a skylight 
£4 feet wide. From the Grand Nave you pass onto the 
upper decks of the boats. On the opposite side, to the 
south, are the offices of the Harbor Commissioners, 
while beyond the stairways is station "D" of the post- 
office. Above the Harbor Commissioners' offices is 
located the display of the State Board of Trade (see 
page 21), while in the north front is the State Mining 
Bureau (see page 71) ; these exhibits are well worth see- 
ing. Above the main exit rises a grand clock-tower, 32 feet 
square and 245 ftet high. The outer or day dial is 22 feet 
in diameter, and has numerals 3 feet long, while the inner 
or nijiht dial is 16 feet in diameter. A time ball, operated 
from Mare Island, drops at noon from the staff above. 
The building was erected by the State Board of Harbor 
Commissioners in 1896 at an expense of over |i, 000.000. 
In the main it is 659 feet long by 156 feet in width. 



Ferry 

Pa.rcel Depository 

apcl New? Sta^rpd 



Ezistcro Dziily Pziper^ 



Fresh California Fruits 

Choice Czvo^Jies 

Irpport^d and Dorn^stic Ci5[^r5 



I^ZipS ^0^ Guides of 

San Francisco apd Vicinity 



Ferry New^ 5t2ipcl 

Upior? Ferry Depot 

Foot of /*\arKet St. Sap Francisco 

POSTER €r OREAR, Proprietors 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 45 

California and Northwestern Ry., l^nion Ferry 
Depot, via ferry-boat to Tiburon, for San Rafael, 
Petaluma, Santa Rosa, Ukiah, and all way points; also 
Sonoma and Glen Ellen. 

North Pacific Coast R. R., Union Ferry Depot, 
via ferry-boat to Sausalito, for San Rafael, Cami) 
Taylor, Cazadero, and way points. 

Mt. Tamalpais Scenic Railway, Union Ferry Depot, 
via ferry-boat to Sausalito for Mill Valley and Mt. 
Tamalpais. 

DONAHUE At the gore junction Market, Battery and 
FOUNTAIN Bush Streets, was erected by a bequest of J. 
Mervyn Donahue, of |25,ooo, for a fountain to be erected 
in memory of his father, Peter Donahue, a pioneer 
machinist and founder of the Union Iron Works, and 
dedicated to the mechanics of San Francisco. It is a 
beautiful and artistic piece of bronze casting, designed by 
Doug;las Tilden and cast in this city. It was unveiled 
May 15, 1901, during President William McKinley's visit 
to this city. 

. Oakland Mole, on the eastern side of the bay, 

FERRY 

is the terminus for all transcontinental lines. 

There the passengers are transferred to the ferry-boats, 

which convey them across the bay to the ferry depots, at 

the foot of Market street. These boats (there being two 

lines running to the Oakland side) carry passengers either 

way for ten cents. Thousands of passengers travel across 

the ferry, — San Francisco being in many respects the 

same to Oakland, and Alameda, and the numerous towns 

across the bay as New York is to Brooklyn, Jersey City, 

etc. 

Tiiere are other ferries between Sausalito, Tiburon, 
and Vallejo, all of which land at the foot of Market street. 

The ferry-boats plying on the bay are considered the 
finest in the world, being luxuriously furnished, and in 
every way equipped for the comfort of the passengers. 



46 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

The trip across to Oakland pier is about four miles, and 
consumes about eighteen to twenty minutes. Boats !• ave 
every half hour. There is in course of construction at 
the ferry-landing, foot of Market street, a Union Depot, 
of great magnitude. 



^.„^ ,^.-„« ,^^, -,--..-,. »s one of the best-equipped 
FIRE DEPARTMENT . ,, tt -,- ^ c^ . -ru 

m the United States. There 

are thirty tiiree engine and hose-cart companies, seven 
truck companies, seven chemical engines, one water- 
tower, one monitor battery, two fire-boats; in addition 
to which there is the Underwriters' Fire Patrol, a com- 
pany kept up by the various insurance companies, for 
the purpose of protecting in-ured goods and buildings. 

Keys for fire-alarm boxes are to be found in the 
immediate neighborhood. Location of keys is generally 
printed on a card above each box. 

As an extra precaution, boxes have been placed in 
most of the public schools. 

FIRST COIMGREGA- on southeast corner of Post and 
TIONAL CHURCH Mason streets, is a substantial 

brick edifice, with a spire rising 235 feet above the side- 
walk. The building was constructed at a cost of 150,000. 

FIRST UNITARIAN corner Geary and Franklin 
CHURCH streets. This is the church 

the Rev. Thos. Starr King presided over,— he having 
arrived here from Boston, with his family, April 28, 860 
This society was organized September, 1850, and held 
its meetings on west side of Stockton street, between 
Clay and Sacramento, and afterwards on south side of 
Geary street, between Grant avenue and Stockton, from 
whence they moved to their present home. 

The remains of Rev. Thos. Starr King are buried in 
front of the church. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 47 

FLOOD BUILDING «" c^^''"^'- «'" Market and Fonrih 

streets, was erected in 1S87, and 
is five stories high, the npper ones being devoted to 
offices. Adjoinin.!:^;-, on Market-street side, is the Academy 
of Sciences Building, while to rear, and facing on Fourth 
street, is the Pioneer Building. 

r-. ^. .,,-»<-. Street-venders can be seen at all promi 
FLOWERS ^ J r .J * 1 n/f 1 

nent and frequented spots along Market 

Kearny, and Geary streets, selling flowers 

Flowers are plentiful tiie year round, and can be seen 

on a stroll through the Park, or in the front gardens a< 

;'ou pass on the street-cars. • 

Grass grows the year round. 

During the foggy season, — July, August, and 
September, — the fogs present a very pretty pic- 
ture, floating in, as they do, through the Golden Gate, 
following closely the hills on the Marin shore, and en- 
veloping the bay in a long, low line of white mist, appar- 
ently impenetrable. The tug-boats, with their tows 
slowly feeling their way through, and suddenly peeping 
into sight on the outer edge of the bank, present a pretty 
picture. 

The action of the fog is very peculiar. Upon waking 
in the morning, the city is found to be covered with a 
heavy, damp fog, and by nine o'clock it has all disap- 
peared, and it is as lovely as a midsummer day; and 
then, again, by five the fog is seen rolling in, in vast 
volumes, and the city is again enveloped in this heavy 
mist, all again disappearing by eight or nine o'clock in 
the evening. At times, the lerry-boats are obliged to 
make hourly trips, on account of the density of the fogs. 

...^^.. situated at Black Point, end of Van 

FORT MASON ., . 

Ness avenue, is a one-company post 

(heavy artillery). 



48 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

FORT on the southeast point of the 

WIN FIELD SCOTT Golden Gate, is quite interest- 
ing. It was six years building — commenced in 1854 and 
completed in i860, at an expense of |2,ooo,ooo. It has 
since been abandoned, it being deemed unsafe and 
inadequate. It is built of brick and granite blocks, with 
a filling between of earth. It resembles Fort Sumter, 
in Charleston Harbor, S. C. 

The Government has placed a light-house station on 
the top of the fort, with a fixed white light of varying 
red flashes, and a fog station (bell), with keeper's houses 
just to rear and above the fort. There was formerly a 
small Mexican fort (Blanco) where the present fort now 
stands. 

is located on the second floor of 
PUBLIC LIBRARY j^e northeast wing of the City 
Hall; entrance on McAllister street, off* Hyde. It is 
open daily from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., and contains 150,000 
volumes, besides being supplied with newspapers from 
all over the world. It has five branches throughout the 
city. ■ The main room is 60 x 75 feet, with large light 
gallery above for reading. The reference room is well 
supplied with many rare and valuable publications. 
The Library was first opened in June, 1879, with a 
stock of 6000 volumes, in the old California Theatre 
building. 

^n.r...^ij ...rN^n.-^it. *s locEtcd south sidc of Point 
FRENCH HOSPITAL . , , . ^..,. 

Lobos avenue, between Fifth 

and Sixth avenues. The main building faces the north, 
and is connected with the wings by long wards. Thou- 
sands of patients have been treated within its walls, 
many of whom have been permanently cured, or greatly 
relieved. It is one of the best equipped institutions of 
its kind on the Pacific Coast. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 49 

GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY Incorporated 1891, for 
OF CALIFORNIA the purpose of accu- 

mulating geographical knowledge and the dissemination 
of same It occupies rooms in the Academy of Sciences 
Building. 

GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY is located in the San 
OF THE PACIFIC Francisco Stock and 

Exchange Building. It was organized in 1881 for the 
purpose of encouraging geographical exploration and 
discovery; to accumulate various works, maps, and 
charts relating to the Pacific Coast and Islands. 

GERMAN BENEVOLENT is one of the most im- 
SOCIETY portant charitable insti- 

tutions in California. It was established in 1854, since 
which time it has expended $350,000. It owns and con- 
trols the German Hospital. 

GERMAN HOSPITAL situated on the block bound- 
ed by Ridley and Fourteenth, 
Noe and Castro streets, holds the front rank of the hos- 
pitals in the city. It can accommodate 300 patients. All 
members of the German Benevolent Society are treated 
free, while non-members are charged from two dollars 
per day up, according to accommodations. Its medical 
staff is composed of some very able and scientific 
physicians. 

GERMAN SAVINGS AND occupies a handsome 
LOAN SOCIETY granite srructure, with 

a two-story front, on north side of California, between 
Kearny and Montgomery streets, — just below the San 
Francisco Savings Union. 

It is a model of taste and convenience, and ranks with 
the finest constructed banks of the country. The two- 
story front runs back but a short distance, the balance 
of the building being but one-story high, admitting of 
superb lighting from the roof. 



50 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

GOAT ISLAND ^ ''''''!' ^"'"\ 'f"" "j^^^' .^'^ 
three miles to east of ban Francisco. 

It is seven-eighths i)( a mile long by live-eighths of a 

mile wide, and contains about 350 acres. It is 340 feel 

high, and is part of San Francisco County It is passed 

by the Oakland and Alameda ferry-boats. On it is 

stationed a torpedo and light-house ouifiiiing station, 

also a fog-station (bell) and light-house. Very little grass 

grows on the island, on account of its exposed position. 

It was proposed at one time to level off the island and 

use it as the terminus of the Central Pacific Railroad 

Company, connecting with the Oakland shore by a 

bridge, but the Government put a stop to it. Its name 

is of peculiar origin. Many vessels which arrived from 

the southern ports brought goats as a supply of fresh 

meats. After arriving in port, the goats which were lefi 

were turned loose on the island for fresh pasturage, the 

island being then covered with a dense shrub. In a short 

time it came to be known as Goat Island. 

_ The Golden Gate is the natural 

GOLDEN GATE , a .^ ^ r ,u ^ ■ 

water-way and outlet of the drain- 
age of the valleys of the Sacramento and San Joaquin 
Rivers, and connects the waters of San Francisco Bay 
with the Pacific Ocean. The channel has a depth of from 
twenty-two to sixty-three fathoms, while the balance 
averages five to thirty fathoms. It is deepest between 
Lime Point and Fort Point, — sixty-three fathoms. The 
tide has a rise of eight feet. The hills of Marin County 
come to an abrupt ending, and present a bold and 
rugged shore on the north, while the south shore, from 
Point Lobos to Baker's Beach, presents a similar sight; 
while beyond, to the fort, is a long stretch of sandy 
beach. 

There are two natural heads or Land's Ends, at both 
the outer and inner gates. Point Bonita (with its light- 
house and fog-siren) guards the outer head on the 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 51 

north, while Point Lobos, with its signal station (Mer- 
chants' Exchange outer station), is on the outer head on 
the south. 

The inner heads are guarded on the north by Lime 
Point, a fog-whistle and, on the south, by Fort Winfield 
Scott, a huge brick structure, now abandoned. On the 
bluffs, above both Lime Point and Fort Winfield Scott, 
are heavy land batteries of the latest improved breech- 
loading guns. 

The strait is two and three-fourths miles long and two 
and one-half miles across t.om Point Lobos to Point 
Bonita, while at the inner hi ad it is only one mile across. 
Point Bonita is three miles directly to the west of Fort 
Point. Six miles to west of the entrance is the Bar, a 
circular bank of sand, extending from shore to shore 

According to the traditions of the Indians, first met 
with upon the larding of the early explorers and navi- 
gators on the shores of California, the bay of San Fran- 
cisco was once a vast inland sea, which found an outlet 
to the ocean by way of Monterey Bay. The Golden 
Gate was formed by a severe upheaval, or earthquake, 
thus providing for the waters of the bay and valleys of 
the Sacramento and San Joaquin another outlet. 

The name Golden Gate (or Chrysopaloe) first appears 
to have been applied to it by General (then Colonel j 
Fremont, in 1848, in his geographical memoir of Califor- 
nia, and is descriptive not of the gold-bearing districts, 
but of the rich and fertile country on the shores of the 
bay, although it is more suggestive of the former. 

^^, ^^^, /^A-.-e. ««p,.^ commences three and a half 
GOLDEN GATE PARK ., . . .. d 1 

miles west from the Palace 

Hotel, and extends in a westerly direction three miles to 

the ocean beach. It is one-half mile wide, and contains 

1013 acres. 

Among the various points of interest in the Park are, 



52 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

the Conservatory, Children's Play-ground and House, 
Aviary, Deer and Buffalo Paddocks, Strawberry Hill and 
Stow Lake, Museum, etc. (See each under its separate 
heading. ) 

The Panhandle is 275 feet wide by 3834 feet long. 

The Park owes its existence to an Act of the State 
Legislature, dated April 4, 1870, there having then been 
appointed a Board of Park Commissioners. 

Roads were laid out and macadamized, sand-hills 
leveled down, and gullies filled in. Lawns of grass and 
flower-beds were laid out in all directions, until now it is 
one of the grandest and largest parks in the world, being 
only surpassed in size by the Bois de Boulogne, near 
Paris, and the Fairmount Park, in Philadelphia. It is 
wonderfully true that, as you see it to-day, so it is the 
year round. Long, sloping lawns of green grass, artis- 
tically arranged flower-beds, and the trees and shrubs 
are always the same. Open-air concerts are held at the 
music-stand Saturday and Sunday afternoons. 

There are several fine statues to be seen in the Park — 
the Key, Garfield, Halleck, Thomas Starr King, and 
others. 

There are numerous entrances into the Park, from 
each side as well as through the main avenue, through 
the panhandle. All the street-car lines have a terminus 
at the Park, either through their own line^ or transfer- 
ring. 

The Conservatory, built in 1878, was partially (cen- 
tral dome) destroyed by fire in 1882, and rebuilt in 1883 
by a donation from the late Chas. Crocker. It is 60 x 
250 feet, with a dome fifty-eight feet high, and covered 
entirely wiih glass. It is modeled after the Royal Con- 
servatory at Kew, England. 26,000 square feet of glass, 
weighing twenty-five tons, and two tons of putty were used 
in the construction of the building. The interior presents 
a bewildering scene of refreshing beauty. Rare exotics 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 53 

and orchids are growing here in rich profusion, and the 
fragrance is almost intoxicating in its sweetness. The 
Victoria regia, a highly-prized and rare water-lily, can 
be seen in the eastern section. It is the only one of its 
kind in America. 

From Strawberry Hill, 426 feet high, you can get 
a grand view of the Park and surroundings. Looking 
east, you can see the former site of the Midwinter Fair 
grounds, — the Grand Court and Pine Arts Building and 
Annex (now the Museum) being all that is left of the 
grand exposition. The Conservatory, Aviary, Deer 
Paddock, Starr King and Key monuments, and Music 
Stand can also be seen; while to the north, looking over 
a long, narrow strip of sand, you can see Lime Point, 
and vessels passing through the Golden Gate. The 
Childs' Monument (Prayer Book Cross) is just to the 
left. Looking west, you can see a labyrinth of finely 
macadamized roads, leading to the ocean beach, CliflF 
House, and Sutro Heights. On a clear day, the Faral- 
lones can be distinctly discerned. An elegant picture 
appears on the horizon on the setting of the sun. To 
the south can be seen the Olympic Club Grounds, just 
beyond the confines of the Park, while inside are the 
engine-houses and pumps that supply the reservoir on 
the side of the hill and the lake with water. The Clar- 
endon Heights form a picturesque background. The 
Observatory was built and presented by Hon. Thos. U. 
Sweeny to the Park Commissioners in 1891. There is a 
fine drive leading to the summit, or where the Observa- 
tory stands. The Cascade presents a very romantic 
sight as it leaps and plunges down the side of the hill, 
until its force is spent upon reaching the base, where it 
flows into the lake which surrounds the hill. 

The Aviary is a large cage, covered with glass and 
wire-gauze. In its large area squirrels, quail, and birds 
of all descriptions, \^'ith plumage of gorgeous coloring, 

3b 



54 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

sport and gambol as if in their native elements and 
climes. 

The Museum was presented to the Park Commis- 
sioners February 23, 1895, by the Board of Directors of 
the Midwinter Fair. The greater portion of the exhibit 
was purchased with the proceeds of the Exposition. 
Among some of the exhibits are a fine collection of birds, 
Indian relics, paintings, Chinese curios, coins, and relics 
of every description. One of the principal features is 
the Colonial Room, The greater portion of this exhibit 
is from the private collection of C. P. Wilcomb, and 
consists of furniture, etc., of our grandfathers' time. 
The approach to the building is guarded on either side 
by two sphinxes. In the center is a colossal Venetian 
vase, designed by Gustave Dor6. 

The Japanese Garden, a short distance from the 
Museum, is one of the most unique and attractive spots 
in the Park. It was laid out by Japanese gardeners at 
the time of the Midwinter Fair, and at its close was pre- 
sented to the Park Commissioners by Mr. G. T. Marsh. 
The Japanese are still in charge. The gateway entrance 
is a fine example of Oriental workmanship, being con- 
structed without a nail. The ponds, with their gold- 
fish, the miniature streams and waterfalls, the trees and 
plants, the storks, the tea-houses and their courteous and 
picturesque attendants, form an exhibit not to be 
neglected by any one who would see a genuine bit of 
Japan without crossing the Pacific. 

Stow Lake, named after Park Commissioner Stow, 
lies at, and surrounds, the base of Strawberry Hill. 
It is two miles around, and is spanned by two artistic 
bridges, one a natural, and the other after the Roman 
style. Row-boats can be hired for a nominal sum. 
The boat-house is on the northwest arm of the lake. 
There are numerous small islands in the lake, some 
of which are wooded, and others bare, rocky, and bleak, 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 55 

while others are covered with a thick foliage. They 
add to the romantic picturesqueness of the lake. Round 
the shores of the lake are to be seen large quan- 
tities of pampas grass and foliage. The eastern end, 
opposite the falls, is the home of large flocks of ducks 
and divers. There are also a number of black and 
white swans. 

Huntington Falls present a very picturesque and 
romantic sight falling from the ridge of Strawberry Hill 
down to the lake below, over numerous ledges and 
boulders. They were presented to the Park by C. P. 
Huntington, and cost $25,000. 

Thomas Starr King Monument is to the west of 
the Aviary. It is a brown statue of the dead patriot, as 
he stands delivering a speech. It stands upon a pedes- 
tal of red granite, facing the west. He was an arduous 
worker for the good of the community and the perpetuity 
of the Union, as well as being one of the most eloquent 
orators in the land. He died suddenly, in March, 1864, 
in his fortieth year. 

Prayer Book Cross. Just to the north of Straw- 
berry Hill, off the main road, stands a huge Celtic cross, 
designed after the ancient cross of Monasterboice. It is 
forty feet high, and made of Colorado sandstone, richly 
carved. It was erected under the auspices of the Episcopal 
Diocese of Northern California, to commemorate the 
first Christian service in the English tongue on our coast 
(Drake's Bay, June 24, 1579). It was erected at the 
expense of the late Geo. W. Childs, of Philadelphia 
(editor of the Ledger), at the opening of the Midwinter 
Fair, in 1894, and is frequently referred to as the Childs' 
Monument. 

Francis Scott Key Monument is one of the finest 
pieces of statuary in the United States, if not in the 
world, — dedicated to the memory of the author of our 
national hymn, "The Star-spangled Banner." It was 



56 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

designed by the late W. W. Story, the famous American 
sculptor, author, and lawyer, who so long resided in 
Italy. It was bequeathed to the Park by the late James 
Lick. 

Halleck Monument stands just off the main drive 
(south), near the Garfield Monument, somewhat hidden 
from view by the surrounding trees and shrubbery. It 
is carved out of gray granite. It was erected by **his 
best friend," as a tribute to his memory. At the base 
are a chapeau, belt, crossed saber, and sheath. 

Grant Monument. Opposite the entrance to the 
Museum stands a monument erected to the memory of 
General U. S. Grant. It is of granite, with a bronze 
bust of General Grant. On the granite pedestal, in 
bronze relief, are various battle scenes; on the four cor- 
ners are shields, bearing the names of General Grant's 
greatest battles. 

Near the statue is a striking bronze figure of a man 
turning the handle of a wine press. It forms a drinking 
fountain, and was a part of the Midwinter Fair. 

Garfield Monument. On a small eminence, to 
the south of the conservatory, stands the Garfield 
Monument, a bronze figure, ten feet high, of Garfield 
as he delivered his inaugural address on the Capitol 
steps at Washington. The figure stands on a pedestal 
fourteen feet high, at the base of which sits Columbia, 
mourning for her dead. There are also a number of bas 
reliefs, showing Garfield in the several events of his 
career. Corner-stone laid August 24, 1883. Artist and 
sculptor, F. Happersberger. It was erected with the 
offerings of a grateful people. 

The Baseball Pitcher, a statue of bronze, stands 
just south of the main drive, near the Garfield Monu- 
ment. It was designed and executed by Douglas Tilden, 
a deaf mute. It is a life-size figure of a basebaU 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 57 

pitcher, just about to throw the ball. It stands on a 
brown sandstone base, and is a work of rare merit. 

Another spot of interest to tourists, as well as to our 
native-born, is in Concert Valley, on the outskirts of the 
Midwinter Fair site. On October 19, 1896, under the 
auspices of Sequoia Chapter of the Daughters of the 
American Revolution, there was planted in the shape 
of a bended bow, 450 feet in length, a tree from each 
of the original thirteen States. New Hampshire is 
represented by a maple; Massachusetts, an elm; Dela- 
ware, a red maple; Pennsylvania, a cedar (from en- 
trenchments at Valley Forge); Georgia, a catalpa; 
Virginia, a tree from grave of Thomas Jefferson; 
Connecticut, an oak; New Jersey, a linden (from Wash- 
ington's Headquarters); Rhode Island, chestnut; New 
York, white oak. The ceremonies were very fitting, 
and commemorated the surrender at Yorktown of Lord 
Cornwallis. 

The Buffalo Paddock is in the possession of eight 
buffaloes, several of which were born and raised on the 
grounds. On the opposite side of the road is a monstrous 
California grizzly bear, which was presented to the Park 
by the San Francisco "Examiner" in 1894. It is the 
largest grizzly bear in captivity. Passing on, we come 
to the deer-glen, in which can be seen several species ol 
the deer, some elk, and kangaroos. They are very 
tame, and will eat from your hand. Beyond the glen 
is an artistic iron bridge, which enables people to reach 
the music-stand without endangering their lives from the 
passing teams and bicycles, which on Sundays and 
holidays are as thick as bees. 

Music Stand. In front of the Music Stand are ar- 
ranged long rows of benches, where one can sit and 
listen to the music. The band plays every Saturday and 
Sunday afternoon; and these open-air concerts are 
greatly appreciated by all who hear them. Upon leav- 



5b SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

ing the Music Stand, you pass on to the right, leaving 
the Key Monument on the left, to the 

Children's House and Play Grounds. This por- 
tion of the Park has been reserved for the children as a 
pleasure-ground. The house was erected in 1885, and 
presented by the late William Sharon to the Park Com 
missioners for the children. A cup of tea and a lighi 
lunch can be had here. On the grounds are countless 
swings, and spring-boards, and a merry-go-round, with 
its ever-romping horses and chariots, — of never-ceasing 
delight to the children. In addition, there are real little 
donkeys, upon which the children can ride, and little 
carts drawn by goats. A noticeable fact is the absence 
of the bold-lettered signs, "Keep off the grass." No- 
where in the Park are these familiar signs to be seen. 

Lake Alvord. At the Haight-street entrance of the 
Park is a very pretty little spot, called Lake Alvord, 
after Park Commissioner William Alvord. It is sur- 
rounded by artistically arranged rocks, ferns, and pam- 
pas grass, which present a very romantic appearance. 
A fountain plays from its center, and under its sprays 
gambol rare specimens of swans. 

Commissioners' Lodge. On the right, where the 
panhandle connects with the Park proper, is to be seen 
the Lodge of the Park Commissioners. It is an artistic 
two-story building of rock and sandstone, with a tiled 
roof. 

The former grand court of the Midwinter Fair has 
been converted into a little forest of trees, with pathways 
leading through. A tunnel connects with the ground 
adjoining the Aviary. The concourse around has been 
laid out in several drives, with palm trees on either side. 

The main drive passes over an arched bridge at the 
main entrance to the old Midwinter Fair grounds, to the 
left of which is the Memorial Art Museum. This bridge 
of granite is the most perfect arched bridge on the conti- 
nent, and cost |3o,cx)o. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 

New Music Stand. — On the site of the Adminis- 
tration Building of the Midwinter Fair, and facing the 
Grand Court, is a music stand of rare beauty and 
magnificence; it is of gray sandstone from Colusa 
County, and designed after the Corinthian style of archi- 
tecture. Flanking the niche in which the musicians sit, 
are peristyles of beautiful proportions. Total frontage of 
entire structure is 240 feet. It was given to the Park Com- 
missioners by Hon. Claus Spreckels, and cost over 
|75,ooo. 

Park Bus. — A delightful drive of forty-five minutes 
can be had through the Park by taking one of the Park 
buses. Starting from the Stanyan Street entrance (and 
Sundays only from Fulton Street entrance), the drive takes 
you through the most interesting parts, stopping first at 
the Museum, then at Stow Lake, Buffalo Paddock, Chil- 
dren's Playground, and on back to point of beginning. 
Coupon tickets are furnished, permitting you to stop over 
at any of above-mentioned places, continuing on, on any 
of the buses following. Bus runs from 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. 
Fare, round trip, 10 cents. 

GOVERNMENT Shortly after the breaking out of the 
^^^*^ Spanish- American War in 1898, and 

the departure of troops for the scene of action in the 
Philippines, it was demonstrated that it was necessary that 
the fast-increasing transport service of the United States 
Army have a permanent and covered wharf Folsom 
Street wharf (Pier i2j, just then completed, was turned 
over to its exclusive use. It is a modern concrete-pier 
wharf, fully adapted, being covered and having deep wa- 
ter on either side. From this wharf thousands of soldiers 
have taken ship for Guam, the Philippine and Hawaiian 
Islands, our island possessions in the Far East and the 
Pacific. 



A Specialty 






Books in 






ENGLISH 






GERMAN 






FRENCH 

SPANISH 


Also a 


FINE LINE 
of 

CUTLERY 
And 

LEATHER 
GOODS 



MAPS, GUIDE BOOKS, PHOTOGRAPHS, 
AND SOUVENIR ALBUMS OF SAN FRAN- 
CISCO, CALIFORNIA, AND THE PACIFIC 
COAST 




Opposite Occidental Hotel 



Hanak & Hargens 



lOJ Montgomery St. 



San Francisco y Cal. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 59 

_ _ is on the southeast corner of Cali- 

GRACE CHURCH . . , c. w . . a 

fornia and Stockton streets, and 

is therefore on the eastern slope of CaUfornia-street hill. 

It presents a very imposing view, and can be seen from 

almost anywhere down town. It was erected at a cost 

of |i25,ooo, the corner-stone having been laid by the 

late Bishop W. I. Kip, May, 1866. 

on the southeast corner of Market 

GRAND HOTEL j xt iv;r ♦ * . u 

and New Montgomery streets, has 

a frontage of 205 feet on Market street and 325 feet on 

New Montgomery street. It is three stories high, with a 

mansard roof. There is a court in the center of the 

building, and the rooms are so arranged as to permit the 

sun reaching all. The building contains about 400 rooms, 

and its halls and corridors are spacious and airy. A 

bridge, spanning New Montgomery street, connects it 

with the Palace Hotel. 

^nn... P^ ^».^n» L.^..<^r- HOW kuown as MoROSCo's 
GRAND OPERA HOUSE r^ u • .1 

Opera House, is on the 

north side of Mission street, between Third and Fourth. 

The stage is the largest this side of the Rocky Moun 

tains, being 120 feet wide by 100 feet deep. It was first 

opened January 17 1876. It was formerly known as 

Wade's Opera House, and was built at an expense of 

over $500,000. Its seating capacity is 1900. 

LJAi • ^i- iii<^-ri^i- 's on the east side of Kearny 
HALL OF JUSTICE ^ ^ . * ^xr u- 

street, between Washmgion 

and Merchant streets, opposite Portsmouth Square. (In 

course of construction; corner-stone laid December 19, 

1896.) The Police Headquarters, Police Courts, Criminal 

Departments of the Superior Court, and the City Prison 

will be located in this building. The City Prison is to be 

located on the upper floor. The ground on which this 

building stands is well known to every old '49er, as it 

was the site of the great gambling halls of early days, 

where games of every description were conducted in 



6o SOUVENIR AND GUIDB 

broad daylight. The old Jenny Lind Theatre, which 
was burned down and rebuilt several times, was also 
situated here. 

^...r^n^r^ tt.r-... at the foot of Baker street, is a 
HARBOR VIEW ^ * c ^ _* t^ u 

favorite Sunday resort. It has a 

shooting range, and hot and cold tub and surf baths. 
Take Union-street cable cars, and transfer to steam-car 
at Baker street. The Fulton Iron Works have an exten- 
sive plant at this point. 

HEBREW ORPHAN is located on the east side 
ASYLUM AND of Devisadero street, between 

HOME SOC I ETY Hayes and Grove. It was es- 

lablished in 1871, for the care, relief, protection, and 
improvement of orphan children; also, for the care of 
aged Israelites who are without adequate means of 
support. 

HIBERNIA BANK «« 'he junction of Market, Jones, 

and McAllister streets, is con- 
structed of white granite, with Corinthian columns. It is 
one of the handsomest buildings in the city, and has a 
facing of 90 feet on Jones street and 129 feet on McAllis- 
ter street. The entrance is on the corner, and is orna- 
mented by graceful columns of granite. A massive 
bronze dome surmounts the roof over the entrance. 
The banking-room is spacious and finely proportioned, 
the walls being over thirty feet in height. 



t>^ 



L.A J- iZLm^' 

united States Mint. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 6r 

HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN »s situated on north 
AND TRAINING SCHOOL side of California 
FOR NURSES street between Ma- 

ple and Cherry. It was organized in March, 1875, by a 
number of charitably disposed ladies, for the care of sick 
and destitute women and children, and was at first estab- 
lished at 228 Post street. As time passed, they were 
obliged to seek larger quarters, and having moved four 
times, they finally located in their own building, Febru- 
ary, 1887, This is the only free hospital for children on 
the Coast. The grounds (a fifty-vara lot) were gener 
ously donated by the late Nathaniel Gray, Esq. An 
adjoining fifty-vara lot has since been purchased. 

Hospital for Incurable Children. This artistic 
brick building, with tiled roof and stuccoed walls, 
broken by ragged brickwork about the window and 
door-frames, was erected in 1895 by the San Francisco 
"Examiner," through public subscriptions. In the back 
part of the building is a round room, covered by a 
glass roof, which in turn is surmounted by a dome. 
The building is two stories high, and connects with the 
Children's Hospital and Training School for Nurses, 
which is directly to the rear. It is located on the south 
side of Sacramento street, near Maple. A similar build- 
ing is being erected, adjoining on the west. 

,, ._ (General.) It is a recognized fact that San 

HOTELS 

Francisco has, from time to time, made the 

greatest effort to surpass all other cities in her hold 
accommodations, and it must be conceded that she has 
largely succeeded. As far as artistic taste, elegance of 
appointments, and lavish expenditure go, few can com- 
pare with them. They are all centrally located. Choice 
can be made of the American and European plans. 



62 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

HUNTER'S POINT about four miles southeast ol 

DRY- DOCK the ^ity, can be reached by a 

short walk from the electric cars which run over to the 

Potrero (Third-street extension). There are two docks, 

one of wood, and the other cut out of solid rock. Three 

years were consumed in their construction. The stone 

dock is 421 feet long by 120 feet wide at the top, and 60 

feet wide at the bottom. Its depth of water is 22 feet, 

and it is capable of holding the largest warships. The 

cost of these docks was nearly $2,000,000. Near by is a 

floating dock. 

.... ^. ,~^.^^ is situated on the outskirts of the city, 
INGLESIDE . ^. ^ f .u A/r- • . . 1- 

at the end of the Mission-street car line, 

near Lake Merced. It is a favorite roadside inn, on the 

Ocean Road, and is quite a celebrated resort. 

The Pacific Coast Jockey Club has recently built a 
race-track just to the east of the inn. 

Farther down the road, on the opposite side, is the 
Ingleside Coursing Track. 

It is a very pretty drive to these places, and beyond 
to the beach, passing the Six-mile House. The drive 
can be continued to the Park or to the Cliff House. 

ISLANDS OF In addition to the larger islands (Angel, 
TH E BAY Goat, and Alcatraz), there are several 

others, — Red Rock, Marin Islands, Two Brothers, Two 
Sisters, and Mare Island, — all of which are in the north- 
ern arm of the bay. Marin Islands are shortly to be 
used as a bathing and boating adjunct to a favorite sum- 
mer resort in San Rafael. There is a light and fog- 
station on the eastern side of the Brothers, while on 
Mare Island, twenty-three miles distant from San Fran- 
cisco, is situated the United States Navy Yard. 

_____ was widened from Market street 
KEARNY STREET ^^ Broadway by an act 0/ the 

State Legislature in 1866. From Market street to Sutter 
it is one of the principal retail streets of the city. It is 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 63 

paved with bitumen, which does away with the noise of, 
passing vehicles. Some of the largest retail, clothing, 
shoe, and dry-goods houses are to be found on this 
street. 

LTiiv. rN.-n^<tn-r.^...r. GOLDEN GaTE KINDERGARTEN 

KINDERGARTENS . ■ a rs . 

Association, organized Octo- 

tober 6, 1879, had its inspiration in the Bible Class of the 

late Mrs. S. B. Cooper. Its object is the establishment 

and maintenance of free kindergartens in San Francisco, 

and to further promote the work for the needy and 

neglected children. Forty kindergartens have been 

organized. Money to the amount of $350,000 has been 

given to this noble and charitable work. 

The graduates from the Golden Gate Free Train- 
ing School are in demand from all parts ot the State. 

In addition to these, there are, the Pioneer Kinder- 
garten Society, established July 23, 1878, which con- 
ducts three kindergartens in the neighborhood of the 
homes of the working-classes, and the Silver-Street 
Kindergarten Society, which sustains three kinder- 
gartens at 64 Silver street. 

The California Froebel Society, composed of 
teachers and graduates of the various Training Schools, 
is a successful and valuable organization. 

All these societies are doing grand work among the 
small children. 

LADIES' PROTECTION is located on the east side 
AND RELIEF SOCIETY ^f Franklin street, be- 
tween Geary and Post. It was established in 1853 for 
the purpose of caring for destitute and friendless girls 
between the ages of three and fourteen, and boys be- 
tween three and ten, and of orphans, until permanent 
homes can be provided for them. 

There are many good libraries in the 
LIBRARIES j,j^y — g^^ Francisco Public Library, 
in New City Hall, 150,000 volumes; Mercantile Library 



©4 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Van Ness and Golden Gate avenues (subscription); 
Mechanics' Institute Library, 31 Post street (subscrip- 
tion); Odd Fellows' Library, southwest corner Market 
and Seventh streets (for members and families); Law 
Library, City Hall, 35,000 volumes; Mills Law Library. 
Mills Building (for occupants of buildinjj: only); Parrot t 
Building Law Library, Parrott Building; Wells, Fargo Sz 
Go's Library, Wells, Fargo & Go's Building (for em- 
ployees only); Sutro Library; Young Men's Ghristian 
Association Library, Y. M. C. A. Building, 5000 vol- 
umes; besides many other club and society libraries, for 
members only. For separate description, see under 
each title. 

on Tenth street, near Howard, are 
supported by a fund of |i50,ooo, be- 
queathed by the late James Lick for the purpose of 
erecting, maintaining, and supplying free bath- for the 
poor. Baths are supplied at the nominal sum of ten 
cents, to pay for the use of the towels, soap, etc. For 
the year ending November, 1896, 106,043 persons availed 
themselves of this privilege. 

. „ is on Montgomery street, between 

LICK HOUSE c ♦* ^ o 4. \a r . r* 

Sutter and Post, and faces east. It 

is conveniently situated for business men, and is a quiet, 
model place, in which a family may spend the winter. 
Its prices are moderate. It is convenient to all street 
car lines, places of amusement and of .sight-seeing. 
American or European plan. The building was com- 
pleted in 1861. Previous to 1849, a large sand hill occu 
pied the ground where it now stands. The dining-hall 
was, at the time when finished, the finest of its kind in 
the world. The property was originally bought for ^300. 

.. Facing Market street, immediately 

LICK STATUARY • . ^ <- ,, ^^ u n ( 

m front of the City Hall, is one of 

the finest pieces of statuary on the Pacific Coast. On 

each of the four sides are bronze figures, representing 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 65 

four periods in the history of California. Around the 
base of the main statue are the names of men who are 
closely connected with our early existence, while just 
above are medallions of other pioneers. Over these are 
larger bronze figures in relief, representing the emigrants 
and their prairie schooners, and other characteristic 
California scenes. Above all is a bronze figure of Cali- 
fornia, with her shield and rod, standing in an upright 
position, and a California bear is at her feet. 

The group was unveiled November 29, 1894, and was 
designed and executed by Frank Happersberger, a native 
son. It was presented to the city of San Francisco 
by the late James Lick, in accordance with a clause in 
his will, which donated |ioo,ooo for a piece of statuary 
representing, by appropriate groups, the various periods 
in the history of California. The whole is surrounded 
by a bronze fence. 

..--IP- ^^.^.^ is directly opposite Fort Winfield 
LIME POINT c 44^ A c 4.U *u • -^ 

Scott, and forms the northern mside 

gate-post. It is on the Marin county shore. On it is 
established a fog-station (whistle), above which are for- 
tifications, equal to any on our seaboard, which can be 
fittingly termed, as General Nelson A. Miles said, "the 
Gibraltar of the whole coast." There are three modern 
twelve-inch rifled guns mounted on one of the bluffs, 
473 feet above the sea-level, which can sweep the 
entrance to the Golden Gate. This is the highest bat- 
tery in the world. It is the intention of the Government 
to place 78 of the heaviest modern guns and 144 mortars 
at different points about the harbor. 

The name Lime Point is supposed to have been given 
it on account of the whitish appearance of some adja- 
cent rocks, caused by the deposits of bird-lime. 

. .i..^^. i.. o.^..^^. on the east side of Fifth street, 
LINCOLN SCHOOL , , a^ 1 ♦ ^ * .1 

below Market and opposite the 

United States Branch Mint, was built in 1865 at an ex- 



66 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

pense of $125,000, including grounds. It is three stories 
high, with a mansard roof and a tower. It was built 
after the Renaissance style of architecture. The Lincoln 
Evening School, of forty classes, is one of the largest 
and best in the world. A statue of Lincoln stands in 
front of the school. 

LONE MOUNTAIN ^"^^ ^° ^^^^ °^ ^^^ Golden Gate 

Park, rises up in conical shape, 

468 feet above the surrounding portion of the city, which 
is comparatively level. On its summit, to perpetuate the 
memory of the Spanish missionaries, has been placed a 
large wooden cross, which can be seen from almost any 
part of the city. Take Geary or McAllister-street cars, 
and get off at base. 

From the summit, a very fine view of the city can be 
seen to the east; while to the south can be seen Clar- 
endon Heights, Mt. Olympus, and Twin Peaks. To the 
west you can see, at the base, the several cemeteries, 
and on beyond, the Golden Gate Park with its several 
buildings and pleasure-spots. Strawberry Hill, with its 
observatory, looms up above the trees and roadways. 
To the west and north can be seen the Golden Gate 
and Point Bonita, while on a bright, clear day the north 
coast for quite a distance can be discerned. To the 
north can be seen Laurel Hill Cemetery, and further on, 
the Presidio Military Reservation. Beyond that, on the 
other side of the bay, Mt. Tamalpais lifts its graceful 
outline. 

when found, is generally adver- 
LOST PROPERTY ^.^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^.j^ 

papers. Articles left in the street-cars or office buildings 
can be obtained at the superintendent's office. 

is a very attractive object. It 
LOTTA-S FOUNTAIN ^^ erected and presented to 

the citizens of San Francisco, in 1875, by Miss Lotta Crab- 
tree, the "Lotta" of the stage. It is quite ornamental, 



TO SaN FRANCISCO. 6" 

having three medallions, representing the shipping, niiii 
ing, and agricultural iidustries of the State. There are 
four drinking-cups, where the weary can quench their 
thirst. It stands at the junction of Geary, Kearny, and 
Market streets. 

The Pacific Mail Steamship Dock is 
situated at the foot of First and Brann.in 
streets, and is reached either by Second or Third strt-t-i 
electric cars. It is from this point that the steamer^ 
depart for China, Japan, Panama, and all Central Amtri 
can and Mexican ports; also for Australia, and for Neu 
York, via Panama. 

is located on north side 
MARIA KIP ORPHANAGE ^^ ^ake street beyond 

Sixth avenue. Its purposes are similar to those of the San 
Francisco Ladies' Protection and Relief Society. It was 
organized August 8, 1889. Take Sacramento-street cars. 

The United States Marine 

MARINE HOSPITAL „ , , • -, , a , ,u 

Hospital IS situated at the 

southern boundary of the Presidio, on the borders of 
Mountain Lake. It is a beautiful spot, sheltered by the 
blufTs to the west. 

Take steam-car at the extension of either Sacramento, 
Jackson, or California-street cable-cars (those going to 
Cliff House), getting off at Thirteenth avenue, and pro- 
ceeding north a few blocks to reservation, 

is one of the broadest in the 

MARKET STREET , , r ^ a ^u 

city, bemg 120 feet wide. There 

are more varieties in the architecture, stores, and throngs 

of people here than can be seen in any city in the world. 

The population of San Francisco is more cosmopolitan 

than even New York, with all its emigrants, while below 

Montgomery street one meets mostly men of business; 

above, it is as though you were in another world, there 

being large numbers of ladies out shopping and prome- 

4 



68 SOUVENIR AND GUIDfi 

nading. (As to the various buildings, see birds'-ey6- 
view.) 

Nearly all of the various street-car lines begin at Mar- 
ket street, branching out like so many arms of a devil-fish. 
It is traversed by the various cable-cars of the Market- 
street system 

Between Battery and Kearny streets was a vast mound 
of sand, which divided what was then known as Happy 
Valley and the settlement on the Cove. It was leveled 
down early in 1852, the sand being used to fill in between 
the wharves, making firm ground. 

.. «»^.... .^ .*.-..». - stands on the northwest corner 
MASONIC TEMPLE r n, , ^ d * 

of Montgomery and Post 

streets. Its style of architecture is Gothic, somewhat 
modernized. It has a frontage of 75 feet on Montgomery 
street, by 160 feet on Post, running back to Lick place. 
It was built in i86r. 

•jii-^uMii...^*^. .....^^.— ..^.-. was organized March 

MECHANICS' INSTITUTE o j- 1 * j 

29, 1855, and IS located 

at 31 Post Street. Its objects are, to disseminate useful 
and general information, by establishing a library and 
reading-room, the formation of classes in different 
branches of learning, giving courses of lectures, exhi- 
bitions, etc. 

The society has a large and valuable collection of 
books, both reference and general, numbering 73,645 
volumes, and constantly increasing. It also owns the 
Mechanics' Pavilion, on Larkin and Grove streets, 
where an annual industrial exhibition is given. It is the 
repository for the United States Patent Office Reports 
and other valuable Government publications. It also 
has a complete set of the British Patent Office Reports. 

MERCANTILE LIBRARY "O" occupies large and 

spacious quarters at 223 
Sutter street. It was first organized January 24, 1853, 
and its collection of old and rare volumes is very valuable. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 69 

»«.--i-B^RkrNi .-r*«.. -rr-.. n. .- <^" ^'^^ 63st side of 
METROPOLITAN TEMPLE ^.--,, ^ 

Fifth street, opposite 

the United States Mint, is a large three-story frame 

structure. It has a large hall, which has been used on 

many noted occasions. It has one of the largest organs 

this side of Chicago. 

_ south side of Cali- 

MERCHANTS' EXCHANGE . . , *u. 

forma street, between 

Montgomery and Sansome, was built in 1866. In it is 
located the United States Hydrographic Office. Its 
object is, the acquirement, preservation, and dissemina- 
tion of valuable information concernir.^ commercial and 
maritime exchange, for the benefit of its subscribers, 
and for the promotion of trade and commerce. I* is 
three stories high, and surmounted by a clock-tower 120 
feet above sidewalk. It was incorporated in 1868, under 
an act of the State Legislature. 

MILITIA There is in San Francisco the nucleus of as 
fine a set of State volunteer soldiery as can 
be found in any of the commonwealths. It consists of all 
the branches of the service, there being one regiment of 
Infantry, one battalion of artillery, one troop of cavalry, 
one signal corps, one battalion of naval reserves. The 
Infantry companies are quartered in a large and spa- 
cious armory at Page and Gough streets; the Artillery 
and Signal Corps meet and drill at their armory at 815 
Ellis street; the Cavalry have quarters on Market street; 
while the Naval Battalion have been assigned one of the 
vessels of the U. S. Navy, which is stationed at one of 
the wharves of the city front. 

Annual encampments are held at **De la Vega 
Heights" near Santa Cruz, where the State owns a large 
tract of land. The naval battalion cruise out to sea for 
their annual practice. 



70 SOUVENIR AND GUTDK 





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MnrTv HopTcins' Institute of Art. 

- . ^ » . . . . ^ . ^. ^ on northeast corner of Montgom- 
M LLS BU LDING a u u ^ * • i 

ery and Bush streets, is one of 

the largest, as well as the finest office buildings in the city. 
It was erected in 1891-92 by D. O. Mills. The two lower 
stories are of California marble, from Inyo. The upper 
eight are of light, pressed brick and terra -cotta 

A very complete law library is a feature greatly 
enjoyed by the tenants. 

The building has a frontage of 160 feet on Montgom- 
ery and 138 feet on Bush street, and is 154 feet high. The 
cost was |i, 500,000. There are three entrances, one from 
Bush street, one from Pine street, and the main entrance 
on Montgomery street, through a magnificent marble 
arch, extending to top of second story. These entrances 
lead into a grand open court, 50>^x58>^ feet, in the cen- 
ter of the building, which is surmounted by a skylight 
reaching to third story. The halls above are all tiled 
with marble, with a wainscoting of same material 
There are four elevators, which run to the top story 
Viith). There is also a winding staircase leading to the 
loth floor. The building is fire and earthquake-proof. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 71 

being entirely of iron, stone, bricks, and marble. A 
grand panoramic view can be had from the roof, permis- 
sion for which can be obtained from superintendent. 

The United Stales Weather Bureau has its headquar- 
ters on the tenth floor, with the signal station on the roof. 

MINING BUREAU ^^^ ^^^^^ Mining Bureau is loca- 
ted in the north front of the Union 
Ferry Depot, foot of > Market street, over station "D" of 
the Post Office. Here can be seen a very interesting and 
valuable collection of minerals and curios from all parts of 
the State, It is well worth one's time and close attention, 
as great care has been taken in collecting and preserving 
these State treasures. The exhibit is free to the public, 
being open from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. 

The United States Mint, on the northwest cor- 
ner of Mission and Fifth streets, is the largest 
mint in the United States. It is kept running the year 
round, and visitors are admitted daily, except Sundays 
and holidays, from 9 to 11:30 a.m. Competent and well 
informed guides are ready to impart whatever informa- 
tion is desired, and all visitors to the city should not 
miss going through the building. To the right, as you 
go in, is the registering room, where a fine collection of 
foreign and American coins can be seen while waiting 
your turn to be shown the interior. 

The building is a massive stone structure, of the 
(^oric-Ionic style, and is approached by a grand flight of 
steps of California granite. The portico is flanked by 
six-fluted columns. 

The building has a frontage of 221 >^ feet on Fifth 
street and ii6}4 feet on Mission street. The basement 
is also of California granite, while on the two stories 
above a blue-gray freestone from British Columbia is 
used. The whole rests on a concrete foundation, five 
feet thick. The two chimneys are each 150 feet high. 

The United States Branch Mint was first established 



72 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

in San Francisco on Commercial street, above Mont- 
gomery, April 3, 1854, present site of the Sub-Treasury. 
133,041,474 was coined during the year 1896. 

which was founded and dedi- 
MISSION DOLORES cated on October 8, .776, by 

Don Jos6 Moraga, was the second settlement on the 
peninsula, being preceded by the Presidio by only a few 
days. In fact, the former site (on a small lagoon just 
west of Russian Hill) was only abandoned for this on 
account of the high winds which prevailed there. 

For over fifty years the Mission was the nucleus of 
quite a village, it being the seat of the religious authority, 
its population of Indians and Mexicans fluctuating from 
50 to over 400. 

A plank road was built out Mission street in 1851, 
connecting the Mission with Verba Buena on the Cove. 
A toll of fifty cents was levied on a horse and cart, and 
one dollar on four-horse teams. Another road was 
built at Folsom street. Both roads became free in 1858. 

MISSION DOLORES on Dolores, between Six- 
CHURCH teenth and Seventeenth streets, 

has been somewhat altered, both inside and out. The 
church is built of adobe, or unbuint bricks, dried in the 
sun. The whole is roofed over with what looks like 
stone pipe cut in two lengthwise, placed side by side, 
concave side up, with one placed over the edges, or 
joints, convex side up. 

In the front are several columns, extending up to the 
roof, while under the gable are a few small bells. The 
walls are three feet in thickness. The long row of adobe 
houses to left of the church proper has been torn down 
to make way for street improvements and the building 
ofa new cluirch. The old cemetery to the right, with its 
buried dead^ still lies undisturbed. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 73 

of to-day is not what 
MONTGOMERY STREET " f , 

it was forty, or even 

twenty, years ago. During that period it was the prin- 
cipal retail street of the city, as well as being one of the 
fashionable promenades. Where you now find insurance 
and railroad offices, you could see the largest and finest 
retail stores on the coast, as well as two of the principal 
hotels. It will be remembered, that in 1849 the waters 
of the bay used to come up to this street at the corner of 
Jackson. All that portion to the east, lying between 
Broadway and Market streets, is what is called '* made 
ground," having been filled in with material taken from 
the surrounding sand hills. Montgomery street was 
formerly like Broadway, New York. You were always 
sure of finding a missing friend there. It was named 
after Captain J. B. Montgomery, U. S. Navy, who raised 
the American flag in Portsmouth Square on July 8, 1846. 
Among the principal buildings on the street are, the 
Union Trust Building, Masonic Temple, Lick House, 
Occidental Hotel, Mills Building, Russ House, Nevada 
Block, Safe Deposit Building, old Parrott Building, 
and the Pacific Mutual Savings Building. 

*..^ ..^»^..^ The finding of dead bodies of un- 
THE MORGUE , ..u u .u 

known persons m the bay or on the 

streets is no uncommon thing in any large city. The 
Coroner, being notified, removes the body to the morgue 
and holds the same for identification and inquest. It often 
happens that the body remains unidentified, in which 
case it is buried at the expense of the city in what is 
called "Potter's field." The Morgue is situated on the 
east side of Dunbar alley, between Washington and 
Merchant streets. 

M ISSIONS OF A complete collection of views of the 
CALIFORNIA twenty -one Missions of California, 
reproduced from the original paintings of Edwin Deakin. 
To be had at 326 Sutter Street, San Francisco, or of Mr. 
Deakin, 3100 Telegraph Avenue, Berkeley, Cal. 



74 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE. 

in Marin County, to the 
MOUNT TAMALPAIS „„^,,„,^3, „f ^^^ ^:,y_ ,,^„d^ 

like a sentinel over the Golden Gate and the waters of 
San Francisco Bay. Some 2592 feet in height, it com- 
mands a magnificent view of the cities and towns about 
ihe bay, and an exhaustive view of the country to the 
north, east, and south of the metropolis. The journey 
to its summit over the Mill Valley and Mount Tamalpais 
Scenic Railway forms the most delightful and instructive 
journey within a day's travel of San Francisco. The 
railroad is a triumph in engineering. It is eight miles in 
length, and rises 2400 feet, gradually winding through the 
canons and ravines to the summit, making in all 270 curves. 
The heaviest grade does not exceed seven per cent, which 
is considerably less than that of most electric lines in the 
large cities. The trip to the summit is made in less than 
two hours from San Francisco, and gives the sightseer a 
view of the shipping of San Francisco Bay, the fortified 
islands and harbor fortifications, a trip across the Golden 
Gate, and through the large redwood forests of Califor- 
nia, and the ascent of the mountain is one continuous 
series of surprises, as at different stages glimpses are 
had of San Francisco, the bay, the distant snow-capped 
peaks of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, Mount Hamilton, 
the Cliff House, the penitentiary at San Quentin, the 
vast Pacific Ocean, San Rafael, Alcatrnz Island, Berkeley, 
Oakland, Mount St. Helena, Sausalito, the approach to 
the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers, Mill Valley at 
the base of the mountain, and majestic Mount Diablo 
to the east, 3848 feet above the level of the sea. The 
Tavern of Tamalpais, on the summit, recently recon- 
structed and enlarged, is fitted up handsomely, and an 
excellent dinner is served. Large reclining chairs on the 
veranda are provided for the comfort of the guests, and 
every courtesy is extended with genuine Californian hos- 
pitality. Round trip from San Francisco, ^1.90. See 
San Francisco daily papers for time-table. 





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Established I860 Telephone Red 2374 



R W. BARKHAUS 

Importer o f = 



English, German, French, and Spanish 

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English and German Libraries 



VIEW ALBUMS 
MAILING CARDS 
PHOTOGRAPHS goYore? '"' 
GUIDES and MAPS 



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SAN FRANCISCO 



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Street 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 75 

M I LITA R Y In City Hall Square, guarding the Lick stat- 
TROPHY uary, is an old Spanish cannon, a trophy of 
the Cuban campaign. It was presented to the city of San 
Francisco, March 21, 1900, by Maj.-Gen. Wm. R. Shafter, 
in trust for the N. S. G. W., and accepted as a token of 
the valor and patriotism of the Army of the United States. 
It formed one of the saluting battery of Punta Gorda, 
Santiago de Cuba, and was captured July .17, 1898, by the 
Fifth Army Corps, U. S. A., commanded by Maj.-Gen. 
Wm. R. Shafter- It bears the name of Le Prince de 
Conde, and was made (presumably in France) March 23, 
1759, and is supposed to have become part of the Spanish 
armament during the reign of Joseph Napoleon in Spain. 
It is made of bronze, and bears evidence of fine workman- 
ship and is in an excellent state of preservation. It is 
10 ft. 6 in. long, 6 in. at the muzzle, and weighs 4 tons. 
A similar gun has been placed in Los Angeles, Cal. 

MOUNTAIN LAKE "es near the southern line of the 

Presidio, about opposite Thir- 
teenth avenue. It is an irregularly shaped body of pure 
fresh water, about one mile in circumference. It was 
from this lake that the city first procured its principal 
supply of drinking water, it being conveyed in flumes 
built along the beach around the fort, and on, into the 
city in pipes. The supply is exhaustless, there being no 
visible inlet or outlet. 

NEVADA BANK ^^ located in Nevada Block, and 
occupies one of the largest banking 
rooms in the city, having fine high ceilings. The bank 
was organized and commenced business in October, 
1875, with a cash capital of |5,ooo,ooo, gold coin. It 
was conceived by Mr. J. C. Flood with his partner Mr. 
W. S. O'Brien, who were considered the "Bonanza 
Kings" of the Comstock Lode. 

iuc-tfAr>« w-», ^^ve stands on northwest comer ot 
NEVADA BLOCK ,, ^ jr.-. 

Montgomery and Pine streets. It 

is four stones high, with a basement devoted to business 



76 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

offices. The building is a fine specimen of architecture, 
and cost $500,000, which came out of the mines of 
Nevada. It was erected in 187 1 on the site of the old 
Mead House. 

^^««. At the intersection of Market, 

NEWSPAPER GORE ^^^.^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^ ^ear; 

Streets can be seen the homes of three of our leading 
dailies—" Call," " Chronicle," and " Examiner "—and 
the "News Letter," a leading weekly. Th- "Chroni- 
cle " is the pioneer, having been followed by the " News 
Letter," 1896, "Call," 1897, and the "Examiner," 
(See se, arate articles.) 

. _ can be reached by the California-street 

NOB HI LL 

cable cars, after a ride of only a few min- 
utes from down town. Upon alighting at Powell street, 
you observe to your left the residencc^ of the late Senator 
Stanford, an immense frame building, with a stone wall 
surmounted by an iron fence, and facing California 
street. The wall extends along Powell and Pine streets, 
being at the corner some thirty feet high. The residence 
is surrounded by a handsome garden and grass plot. 
The building cost in the neighborhood of $2,000,000. 
Just above, on corner of Taylor, is the residence of the 
late Mark Hopkins, now occupied by the Art Association 
of the University of California. The building is also 
frame, and with the grounds, occupies the balance of the 
block. A high stone fence surrounds the grounds, in 
which are hot-houses, arbors, and green lawns At lower 
end of the lot, corner Pine and Mason streets, is the 
stable, now used as a part of the Art Association rooms. 
There is an observatory, 140 feet high at top of roof, 
from which a grand view may be obtained. The resi- 
dence is reputed to have cost 12,750,000. Diagonally 
opposite is the residence of the late J C. Flood, a hand- 
some and imposing structure of Connecticut brown-stone. 
The grounds are laid out in flower beds and lawns of 



i 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 77 

grass. A wall of brown-stone surmounted by a solid 
bronze fence surrounds the grounds Beyond Is the resi- 
dence of the late D. D. Colton, since sold to Mr. Hunt- 
ington, a frame building, painted white. It is admired 
by many for its plain and symmetrical style ot architect- 
ure. On the opposite corner is the residence of the late 
Chas. Crocker, the railroad magnate, a large frame 
structure sitting well into center of block, surrounded 
by a well-kept garden and lawns. The whole is enclosed 
in a wall of Penryn granite, surmounted with an iron 
railing. A grand flight of granite steps, eighteen feet 
wide, and flanked by massive granite posts, leads up to 
the main entrance. Cost, 12,500,000. Next on the right is 
the residence of W. H. Crocker, a son of the late Chas. 
Crocker. It is a later style of architecture, of stone and 
natural wood. Diagonally opposite the Colton residence 
is the residence of the late A. N. Towne. It is a low 
structure of pressed brick and wood, but of very im- 
posing and comfortable appearance. A low fence of 
granite faces the front, while the entrance is flanked 
with columns of marble. On corner above is the resi- 
dence of Mr. George Whittell, a low, two-story structure, 
built of fire-prool brick, covered with stucco. An unim- 
paired and unsurpassed view of the southern portion of 
the city can here be had. 

OCCIDENTAL is on the east side of Montgomery 
*^0^^^ street, and occupies the entire block 

from Sutter to Bush streets. It is a substantial, four-story 
brick building with a cement facing. While not as mod- 
ern in its construction, its appointments and arrange- 
ments are as complete as any on the Coast, and its table 
cannot be surpassed. It is a noticeable fact, that the 
residents from the Hawaiian Islands always make the 
Occidental their headquarters, as do the officers of the 
Army and Navy temporarily in the city. 



78 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

ODD FELLOWS on southwest corner of Market and 
BUILDING Seventh streets, is a very imposing 

brick structure, surmounted by an artistic clock tower. 
Comer-stone laid, May 14, 1884. 

ODD FELLOWS The Columbarium, just completed, 
CEMETERY fa the finest structure of its kind 

in the United States. It is of the Italian Renaissance 
style of architecture and cost 1:40,000. Niches are 
arranged for the reception of 5,000 urns. (See also 
article on page 29.) 

OLD PEOPLE'S HOME located on the southwest 
OF SAN FRANCISCO corner of Pierce and Pine 
streets, cares for aged inmates while alive, and provides 
for the funeral rites of such members as die at the home. 

OLYMPIC CLUB °<=^"Pi«^ «>« '^^f «« and finest, as 
well as the best equipped, club 
building of its kind in the world. The building is 
located on north side of Post, between Taylor and Mason 
streets. It is a handsome structure of brick and sand- 
stone, and presents a very striking contrast with the 
other buildings in the block. It is fitted out on an 
elaborate scale, being provided with a swimming tank 
supplied with salt water direct from the ocean, tub and 
steam baths, a gymnasium, hand-ball court, racing track, 
and billiard, card, and reading rooms. It also has an 
extensive exercising ground south of Golden Gate Park. 
There are about 2500 members. The present club was 
formed in 1873, it being the consolidation of the San 
Francisco Olympic and California Olympic Clubs. 

^r^,^. ._.... -..j,-.^„^ on south side of O'Farrell, 
ORPHEUM THEATRE , ^ „ n j c. 1 

between Powell and Stock- 
ton streets, is a general variety theatre, presenting some 
of the best specialties that come to this Coast. While as 
to outward appearance it is not very large, it has the 
largest seating capacity of any theatre in the city (2500). 




Sutro Baths— Main Tank 



PANHANDLE ^^^ ^^^^^ steps toward improving and 
beautifying the city were taken De- 
cember 27, 1899, when by a vote the city decided to 
bond itself for $4,550,000 for the purpose of extend- 
ing the present Park panhandle, between Oak and Fell 
Streets, eastwardly to Van Ness Avenue and Market 
Street; to make a boulevard between Thirteenth and 
Fourteenth Avenues connecting the Park with the Pre- 
sidio; and purchasing the two blocks on Dolores Street, 
opposite Mission High School; — again on December 29, 
1899, bonds were voted to amount of $6,475,000 for pur- 
pose of constructing a new sewer system; a new City and 
County Hospital; and the building of seventeen new 
schoolhouses. Thus began the dawn of a new era in mu- 
nicipal art in the history of San Francisco. While as yet 
nothing has been done toward the intended improve- 
ments, they are all under advisement and will be pushed 
through to a speedy completion. 



San Francisco 

from an 

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Palace Hotel 
News Stand 



MAIN E.NTRANCE, 
PALACE HOTEL 



San Francisco 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 79 

M.^ii-.^ •..v.^i... ^...« occupies a lar^^e five-Story 
PACIFIC-UNION CLUB . , ,. , 

building on northwest cor- 
ner Post and Stockton streets, opposite Union Square. 
It has the most luxuriant accommodations of any club- 
house west of Chicago. It also has a fine library, card, 
billiard, and reading rooms. Its halls, parlors, and 
various apartments are most beautiful in their appoint- 
ments. Pacific Club was organized 1852; Union, No 
vember, 1865. 

««. ->*.- ..^-.^. corner of Market and New Mont 
PALACE HOTEL . ^ . •, 

gomery streets, covers two and one- 
half acres, being 275 feet on Market, by 350 feet on New 
Montgomery street, and seven stories high. The hotel 
is provided with reading and smoking rooms, social, 
ladies', and gentlemen's parlors, telegraph offices, bil- 
liard-rooms, five elevators, restaurant, and a grill-room, 
which is the most elegant dining apartment for gentle- 
men in the world. A ladies' grill-room has also been 
established. American and European plan. It is cen- 
trally located, and convenient to all parts of the city. 
Market street, on which it faces, is one of the broadest 
streets in the city. The building, including furniture 
and fixtures, cost I7, 000,000. It was projected in 1874, 
by the late W. C. Ralston. The ground on which it 
stands was purchased for 1400,000. The hotel is sup- 
plied with water from four artesian wells, with a capacity 
of 28,000 gallons per hour. The foundation walls arc 
twelve feet in thickness. The outer and inner partition- 
walls are of brick from base to top. The extent of cor- 
ridors, taken collectively, amount to some two and one- 
half miles. From the roof can be obtained a grand birds'- 
eye view of the city. The Grand Hotel is connected by a 
bridge over New Montgomery street. Roth hotels are 
under the same management. A grand court occupies 
the center of the building, with a carriage entrance on 
New Montgomery street. The court is 84 x 144 feet in- 
side, and has a bitumen drive for the carriages, fifty feet 



8o SOUVENIR AND GUIDK 

in diameter. The floor of the promenade is paved with 
marble slabs. The west end of the court is encircled by 
a series of pillars, surmounted by a coping, on which 
are displayed tropical plants and ferns, while in the 
enclosure are tables and settees, at which the gentlemen 
and their guests may enjoy an after-dinner chat or 
smoke. The Doric columns present a very classic 
appearance. The balconies which surround the court 
afford a very pleasant promenade, and the tropical 
plants and vines present a natural ornament hard to be 
surpassed. A glass roof covers the space occupied by 
the court, and gives a soft and tempered light during 
the day. There are 850 rooms. The architecture is 
typically San Franciscan, inasmuch as the bay-windows 
seem to predominate. 

B«»B^-r-*- ».■•■ r^iKi^ occupies the site of the old 
PARROTT BUILDING ^^^^^ Church, on the south 

side of Market street, Nos. 825-855, between Fourth and 

Fifth. It is seven stories high. The two lower floors 

and basement are occupied by the Emporium, the 

grandest department store in the world. (See article 

on Emporium.) A law library is maintained for the 

tenants. 

_ -.-. at the gore of Market and 

PHELAN BUILDING ^.p^^J, ^,^^^^ ^„j ^rant 

avenue, is a large and conspicuous building, five stories 
high. The headquarters of the Department of Cali- 
fornia, United States Army, are on the fourth floor. 
(For list of offices, .see separate head under United 
States.) 

(or Pretty Point), opposite Point 
POINT BONITA Lobos, two and one-half miles to 
the north, forms the northern outside gate-post. It is a 
sharp-pointed projection of rocks. On it has been estab- 
lished a light-house and fog-station (siren), 126 feet above 
the sea. It can be seen seventeen nautical miles out to 
sea It was at this point that the ill-fated steamer " City 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 8l 

of New York" struck on a dense, foggy evening, and 
became a total loss. The light-house was formerly in 
the round tower further up the hill, but the apparatus 
was removed to the new one out on the point below the 
line of fog. 

POINT LOBOS (o-; f"-'" ^r\"f\^l^ 
feet, forms the southern head of the 

entrance of the Golden Gate, and is a little to the north 
of the Cliff House. There is a signal station on the 
bluff, from whence communications are had with incom- 
ing vessels, and then forwarded to the Merchants' 
Exchange. 

POINT REYES ^^^ light-house, situated on a sharp 
projecting headland, about thirty- 
three miles up the coast, can be distinctly outlined on a 
pleasant day from the Cliff House or Sutro Heights. It 
was under the lee of this point that Sir Francis Drake 
anchored his ship, the "Golden Hind," June, 1579. More 
marine casualties have occurred in this immediate neigh- 
borhood than in any other on the coast. The light-house 
itself is a sixteen-sided tower, twenty-three feet high. 
It gives a white flash, with intervals of five seconds, 
which can be seen twenty-four miles out to sea. The 
station is also provided with a fog whistle. 

_^ . . .^. ^ .. At the close of 1848, when the rush to 

POPULATION ^, , , . u ^1 1 .• 

the gold mmes began, the population 

of San Francisco was about one thousand (looo). Vessels 
loaded with anxious miners arrived almo.'^t daily, and 
eve y day witnessed the departure of large bodies of men 
for the gold regions. Sailors would desert their vessels 
and leave them so light-handed that the vessels would 
have to lay in the stream for months without any crew to 
discharge their cargoes. Notwithstanding the fact that 
so many men were going to the mines, the small hamlet 
on the Cove became inadequate to hold and accommo- 
date the rapidly increasing population, and it was not 
long before the town began to spread in all directions. 



82 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

towards the Mission and North Beach, and the high hills 
to the west. 

Out of a population of 298,997 in 1890, 169,800 were 
males, and 129,197 were females. There is a native 
born population of 172,186 in San Francisco. Average 
population per acre is 11.07; average death rate (1890), 
23.61. The population in 1900 was 342,782, being the 
ninth largest city in the United States. 

^^^^^..^..^.. ^.^..»_ is on the west side of 
PORTSMOUTH SQfUARE ^ . , ^, 

Kearny, between Clay 

and Washington streets. On July 8, 1846, Captain Mont- 
gomery, of the U. S sloop-of-war " Portsmouth," with a 
command of seventy sailors and marines, raised the 
American flag here, and a salute of twenty-one guns was 
fired from the '* Portsmouth," proclaiming the occupa- 
f.icn of Northern California by the United States. At 
Monterey, Commodore Sloat performed a similar cere- 
mony. While at Sonoma, on July loth, the same cere- 
mony was performed. It was then known as, and is to 
this day called, the "Plaza." On east side of Kearny 
street, opposite, stood the first custom house and the 
Parker House, and later, the Jenny Lind Theatre, which 
was sold in 1852 to the city for the City Hail This square 
was the scene of all public meetings and demonstrations. 

_ is situated on northwest corner of 
POST OFFICE 

Battery and Washington Streets. It 

has had several additions from time to time, until now it 
is an old dilapidated structure, and is anything but sug- 
gestive of the vast amount of business transacted through 
its channels. The general delivery, money-order, stamp, 
and registration departments. Superintendent's offices, 
etc., are on the right or left of the long corridor which 
extends to rear of the building. Mails for AustraHa, 
Hawaiian and South Sea Islands, China and Japan, are 
forwarded from here. There are some twelve branch 
offices, which greatly facilitate the receiving and the 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 83 

delivery cf the mail. Stamps and money-orders can bt 
obtained at any of the several branches, as well as the 
registration of letters and packa.ii^es. Deliveries and col- 
lections are made at frequent intervals during the day 
while in the business section deliveries are made five 
times during the day. There is no delivery on Sunday*^, 
and but one on holidays. At Station D, at the foot o( 
Market street, overland letters can be dropped until 
ten minutes before the boat leaves. 

Business Hours (Main Post Office): — 

General Delivery 7:30 a.m. to 6 p.m. 

Carriers' Department 7:30 a.m. to 11 p.m. 

Box Window 7:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. 

Money-Order Department 9:00 am to 5 p.m. 

Registry Department 9:00 AM to 6 p.m. 

Stamp Department 8:00 a.m. to 5 p.m. 

Immediate Delivery 7:30 a.m. to 11 p.m. 

Dead Letter Department 7:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. 

The Post Office is open on Sundays from 2 to 3 p.m. 
Stations: — 

A . . Southeast comer Polk and Sacramento streets. 

B .1610 Market street. 

C . Corner Mission and Twentieth streets. 

D . Ferries, foot of Market street. 

E .. Corner Third and Townsend streets. 

F Southwest corner Sacramento and Fillmore streets. 

G . ..Corner Seventeenth and Market streets. 

H . . .Hayes street, near Ivy avenue. 

J . . 420 Montgomery avenue. 

K . .Comer New Montgomery and Jessie streets (under 

Palace Hotel). 
L . . .Ocean View. 
M .. .Northwest corner Clement and Sixth avenues 

(Richmond District). 

Sub-Stations (for sale of stamps and money-order> 
and registry of letters, etc.): — 

No. I Comer Kentucky and Napa streets. 

No. 2 ...Northwest corner Railroad and Eleventh 

avenues. 
No. 3 .1702 Devisadero street. 
No. 4 . 1900 Union street. 
No. 5 . 1338 Castro street. 
No. 6 . 3297 Mission street. 
No. 7. . . .359 Devisadero street. 

There has recently been established a street railway 
mail service, which carries the mails to and from Station 



84 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

D to the various sub-stations along the lines. These 
cars are painted white, and do not carry passengers. 

Previous to the erection of the present Post Office, 
the pioneers obtained their mail from the Post Office on 
Clay street and Waverly place, and on Clay street, near 
Kearny, opposite the Plaza, and afterward on Clay and 
Kearny streets. The great fire of 1852 destroyed these 
and many other places of interest. To avoid confusion 
and facilitate the delivery of the mail on the day the 
steamer arrived, long lines were formed of people who 
expected letters from home. It was a frequent occur- 
rence to see the same people standing in place all day, 
waiting their turn, the windows being arranged alpha- 
betically. Oft-times persons would sell their places for 
as much as ten and even twenty dollars. 

Our new Post Office, when completed, will be by far 
the most imposing public edifice in the city. 

. ^ . ^ is situated on the northwest portion of the 

PR ES I D i ^j 

peninsula, with Lyon street on the east 

and Pacific avenue on the south, extending to the bay 
on the north and the Golden Gate on the west. It is 
about four miles from the Palace Hotel, and is well 
worth visiting. It contains about 1500 acres, and can 
be reached by the Union street cable system, which 
takes you into the grounds at the Parade; or by the Jack- 
son street cable system to the gate on Central avenue. 
It is the headquarters of the Department of California, 
and contains at present four batteries of the Third Artil- 
lery, four troops of the Fourth Cavalry, and four com- 
panies of the First Infantry. 

There are some beautiful driveways through the reser- 
vation. On every morning, except Saturday, the soldiers 
are put through the various drills, commencing at 9 and 
lasting until 11:30. The walks are conspicuously clean, 
while the paths, with long rows of shells and cannon balls 
on either side, present a rather unique appearance. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 85 

On the bluffs above the Fort, facing the west and 
overlooking the Golden Gate Strait, are being con- 
structed large earth-works for the reception of huge 
mortars, etc. Already there have been mounted sixteen 
twelve-inch breech-loading mortars, capable of throwing 
an 800-pound shell five miles out to sea. There are also 
several large twelve-inch breech-loading rifles mounted 
on the bluffs in solid and massive concrete. 

Directly opposite Fort Winfield Scott is Lime Point 
(a fog station), above which are to be constructed large 
fortifications to command the entrance of the harbor. 
There have recently been constructed in the Presidio 
five large brick buildings, or barracks, for the various 
companies. Just beyond, and on the slope of the hill, is 
the National Cemetery. A driveway passes on around 
the foot of the hill to the Fort beyond. The Presidio is 
the most desirable military post in the United States. 
(National Cemetery, q. v.) (Fort Winfield Scott, q. v,) 

The Presidio was founded September 17, 1776, by 
Friars Parlou and Cambon, and was the first settlement 
on the peninsula. The population in 1S30 consisted of 
about fifty Spanish soldiers and officers. At this spot 
was the governor's abode, the jail, artificers shops, and 
a number of old-style houses, built of unburned bricks 
(adobe) with tiled roofs. It was taken possession of by 
the United States, in 1846, by troops from an American 
man-of-war. 

New Army Hospital.— Upon the former site of the 
parade and drill grounds at the terminus of the Union Street 
cable line, has been constructed at a cost exceeding $120,- 
000, the most elaborate and extensive military hospital in 
the United States. Here are cared for the hundreds of 
wounded and diseased soldiers who have come home from 
the battle-fields in the Philippines and other foreign service. 

PUBLIC SCHOOLS V"^ .P"''''"= ,'"''.°°'^, "[. S"" 

Francisco rank with the highest 

in the country, and while the buildings are not as grand 



86 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

and imposing as can be seen in other cities, tiie systems 
adopted are as nearly perfect as will be found anywhere. 
They are divided into primary, grammar, high, polytech- 
nic, normal, and evening schools. The daily session begins 
at 9 A.M. and closes at 3 p.m., with an hour for lunch, 
except in the primary and evening classes. By taking a 
map of the city and marking the location of each school- 
house you will see that the 
city is well supplied with institutions of learning. 

The quarantine grounds are at Quar- 

QUARANTINE ,■ n .u ,u a f 

antine Cove, on the north side of 

Angel Island, on Raccoon Strait. Shipmasters bringing 

vessels, or consignees having vessels in the harbor, 

which have on board any cases of Asiatic cholera, 

smallpox, yellow, typhus, or ship fever, must report the 

same in writing to the quarantine office, before landing 

any passengers, casting anchor, or coming to any wharf. 

It is the duly of the quarantine officer to board any vessel 

subject to quarantine or visitation by him, immediately 

on her arrival, and make an examination and inspection, 

as he may judge expedient, and determine the length of 

detention in quarantine. 

Steamers " Geo. M, Sternberg" and "Gov. Perkins" 

are used by the quarantine officer, and are docked at 

Powell-street wharf, sea wall. 

is located in the City Hall, 
RECEIVING HOSPITAL r , , ^ 

Larkin-street wmg, cor- 
ner Park avenue. 

between Angel Island and the 

RACCOON STRAIT 11, /- 7 v, .u 

Mann County shore, is three 

miles long and one mile wide, with an average of sixty 
feet in depth. A very strong current rushes through its 
channels. On the Angel Island side is located the quar- 
antine station. 

_ . The restaurants of San Francisco 

RESTAURANTS , r ,. , 

are numerous and of various kinds, 

from the coflfee-and-bun type to the elegant apartment 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 87 

of the Palace, known as the grill-room. One can satisfy 
a craving appetite to its fullest desire for the remarkably 
small sum of fifteen cents. There are also French, 
Mexican, Spanish, Italian, and Chinese restaurants, 
where one can get a typical national meal served at a 
reasonable price. The better class are to be found on 
Kearny, Montgomery, Sutter, Post, and Geary streets, 
or within a radius of six blocks of the retail center of 
town. One can also procure a very nice meal or oyster 
dinner at the various markets. A large portion of the 
population lives in hotels or hired rooms, and eats at the 
restaurants. This fact is very noticeable, and can best 
be seen in the evening, between five and seven, when 
the day's work is done. 

.. is an arm of the bay ex 
RICHARDSON'S BAY . ,. , ,. ^.^ , 

tendmg to the north and 

east of Sausalito. At various seasons of the year large 
fleets of sailing-vessels lay at anchor in its secluded and 
quiet waters, waiting a cargo. It was named after Wm. 
A. Richardson, an Englishman, who settled at Sausalito 
in 1822. He afterwards moved to Verba Buena, where 
he engaged in the hide and tallow business, at a spot now 
known as 8ii Dupont street. 

_._ . lies just south of the Pre- 

RICHMOND DISTRICT ... , ,u f *u 

sidio and north of the 

Park, extending from First avenue on the east to the 
ocean on the west. It is a thriving settlement, and is 
fast coming to the front in way of street improvements, 
etc. It was formerly a vast area of sand dunes, with a 
few dwellings and cow ranches scattered along Point 
Lobos road, which extends through its entire length. 

between First and Second, Folsom 
RINCON HILL ^^^^ Bryant streets, was once what 
the Pacific Heights now are — the fashionable residence 
district of the city Some of the finest residences can 



88 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Still be seen on Harrison street, between First and 
Second. Manufacturing industries have taken posses- 
sion of nearly the entire district. Rincon, in Spanish, 
means comer. 

on west side of Montgomery street, 
RUSS HOUSE 
"" occupies the entire block between 

Bush and Pine streets. It was erected in 1862 by the late 
Christian Russ, who purchased the site in 1847. The 
building is three stories high, and contains 300 rooms, 
of which thirty are suites, with bath and toilet attach- 
ments. It is a favorite hotel for merchants and farmers 
from the interior. 

to the southwest of Telegraph Hill, 
RUSSIAN HILL j^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ y^^ 

reached to best advantage by Hyde-street cable cars, 
getting off at Vallejo street and walking two blocks to 
the east; or by Union-street cars, getting off at Leaven- 
worth street and walking about three blocks. A grand 
view can be had of the bay-line, as well as a great por- 
tion of the city, as described in article on Telegraph 
Hill {q. v,\ 

, , on Hayes street, between 
ST. IGNATIUS CHURCH ^^^ ^ess avenue and 

Franklin street, is the largest and handsomest church 
building in the city. The main hall is some 200 feet long. 
A large oil painting by Tojetti, representing the recep- 
tion in Heaven of St. Ignatius Loyola, hangs over the 
altar. The spires, which are the tallest in California, 
are 275 feet high. There has recently been constructed 
in this church the second largest church-organ in Amer- 
ica. It contains 5350 pipes, which vary in size from the 
smallest known to a huge pipe thirty-two feet high by 
nearly two feet in thickness. It has also four manuals, 
of sixty-one keys each, and a pedal-board of thirty keys, 
besides eighty-five speaking stops, seventeen couplers, 
fourteen adjustable combination pistons, and three swell 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 89 

pedals. It is the only organ on the coast in which elec- 
tricity is used. This immense organ weighs 100,000 
pounds. The central columns are surmounted by life- 
sized angels with trumpets, while the outer ones have 
urns containing blazing torches. This handsome piece 
of work was presented to the church by Mrs. Welch. 

ST. LUKE'S HOSPITAL °" "f '^'de of Valencia 

street, between Twenty- 
seventh and Twenty-eighth, was established in 1871. It 
was organized and is controlled by the Episcopal Church. 
Its doors are open to the sick of all nationalities and 
creeds. There are no free beds. 

ST. MARY'S is on the northwest corner of Van Ness 
CATHEDRAL avenue and O'Farrell street. It is of 
Romanesque style, with some of the finest stained-glass 
windows on the Coast. In it is a magnificent altar of 
marble and onyx, imported from Munich at great cost. 

OLD ST. MARY'S on Dupont and California streets, 
CATHEDRAL jg a large brick building, after 

the Gothic style of architecture, with clock tower 200 feet 
high. Cost of church, 1175,000. It was dedicated 
December 25, 1854, having been commenced July 17, 
1853. The ceiling is forty-five feet high. 

ST. MARY-S HOSPITAL '^, °" ^^f" ''"'I ^'J^, 

Streets. It is conducted 

by the Sisters of Mercy, but patients are not questioned 
as to their religion. It is a large and commodious hos- 
pital, with all the modern improvements and accommo- 
dations. It has a complete and very able medical and 
surgical staff, also a corps of experienced trained nurses. 

ST. PATRICK'S CHURCH °." "°f side of Mis- 

sion street, between 
Third and Fourth, is the proud possessor of the only set 
of chimes in the city. They were presented by the late 



90 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Peter Donahue. This church was erected in 1870, and 
cost $100,000 with furnishings. 

SAN FRANCISCO on the northeast 

SAVINGS UNION BUILDING corner of Cahfornia 
and Webb streets, is a substantial structure of symmetrical 
architecture. The lower story is of marble, surmounted 
by four stories of light, pressed brick and terra-cotta. The 
building has a frontage of 63 >^ feet on California, and 120 
feet on Webb street. It was constructed in 1894. The 
bank was incorporated June, 1862. 

SAN FRANCISCO STOCK on south side of 

AND EXCHANGE BUILDING pj^e street, be- 
tween Montgomery and Sansome, is a handsome struc- 
ture with a granite front, six stories high, and surmounted 
by a handsome tower, 165 feet above sidewalk. The 
corner-stone was laid April 27, 1876. 

The walnut doors leading from the vestibule are elab- 
orately carved, and cost $1000. The main room, 70 feet 
square, is paneled with Tennessee marble, above a 
wainscoting of black Belgium marble. Messengers can 
be seen hurrying in and out of the board at nearly all 
hours of the day, carrying quotations to the various 
offices in the neighborhood. When there is a boom in 
stocks, one can see small groups of men, in great excite- 
ment, all along the block, shouting at the height of 
their voices, buying and selling shares. 

_ . These famous rocks are situated in 

SEAL ROCKS ,x t, a r^ 1 r * r 

the Pacific Ocean, only 300 feet from 

ihe Cliff House. They are four in number. One can 

pass hours at a time watching, from the verandas of 

the Cliff House, the sea-lions as they wriggle over the 

rocks, barking, and apparently never still. They live on 

fish and the refuse from the hotel, and as their lives are 

protected by the law, they do not seem to diminish in 

number. (See the large stuffed sea-lion, ** Ben Butler," 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 9I 

in the museum in the Sutro Baths, and you can form 
some idea of their size.) From the ocean side can be 
seen an arch through the largest of the rocks. 

extends from foot of Taylor street, 
around the City Front, to the foot of 
Market street. It is the purpose of the State Commis- 
sioners to continue it on to the foot of Fourth street. A 
shed has been erected on the northern and western Sec- 
tions (Nos. 2, 3. and 4), 100 feet wide, for the reception 
of cereals from the interior. Grain is allowed to remain 
fifteen days under shed, without further charge, for re- 
moval or shipment. A toll of fifty cents per ton is 
charged for the landin": of wheat. The average cost of 
each Section (5000 feet) has been about 1894,671. On 
Section i there was used 675,430 cubic yards of stone, 
1,409,085 cubic yards of earth, 3401 piles, and 2,242,538 
feet of lumber. A wharf has been built out into the bay 
at foot of Powell street, to break the force of the current 
which was wont to sweep around the City Front. The 
Quarantine Officer has his office at the extreme western 
end of the sea-wall. (See article on '• City Front.") 

The U. S. revenue steamer "Hartley" docks here; 
also quarantine steamer "Geo. M Sternberg." 

The following wharves project into the bay from the 
seawall : — 

Lombard-street, Pier 27. Ferry Slips. 

Ferry Slips— Freight-boats. Mission-street No. i, Pier 2. 

Vallejo-street, Pier 13. Mission-street No. 2, Pier 4. 

Broaciway No. 2, Pier n. Howard-street No. i, Pier 6. 

Broadway No. i, Pier 9. Howard-street No. 2, Pier 8. 

Pacific street, Pier 7. Steuart -street, Pier 20. 

Jackson street, Pier 5. Spear street, Dry-docks. 

Washington street. Pier 3. First street, Pacific Mail Steam- 
Clay-street, Pier i. ship Co. 

SIGNAL SERVICE '^^'^ ""'";'' |'^'",! ^'^""^ ^f' 

Vice has its San Francisco sta- 
tion on top of the Mills Building (Bush and Montgomery 
streets). Reports are received from points along the 
entire Pacific Coast of the United States, and distributed 



92 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

over the country. Signal flags are displayed, showing 
condition of weather to be expected. 

^^..... ...^..r lies between Second and Third, 

SOUTH PARK o ,„ * ^ ^ J- • 

Brannan and Bryant streets, and is in 

the shape of an elongated oval. It is a park, encircled by 

rows of brick and stone dwellings. The roadway is of 

bitumen, and makes a very pleasant driveway. This was 

formerly the fashionable residence district of the city, 

but it has been deserted by its former occupants, and is 

now in the heart of the "Tar Flat" region. It was 

planned and laid out by Chas. Gordon. 

..... In addition to the Lick Statuary in front 

Si A I UAR 1 

of the City Hall, and the various statutes 

at the Golden Gate Park, there are a few others in the city; 

viz. one of Benjamin Franklin, a drinking fountain at 

intersection of Kearny street and Montgomery avenue 

(erected and presented to the city by Dr. Cogswell in 

1879), ^"<^ one on Mt. Olympus, between Ashbury Mights 

and Twin Peaks, — a statute of Liberty, with a lighted 

torch waving over her head, — erected in 1887 by Hon. 

Adolph Sutro. 

..„« ..-., "Collection Day," as it is now 

STEAMER DAY . ■, • r * 

termed, was an occasion of great 

excitement among the commercial classes of the city 
during the early days, as on this day the mail and pas- 
senger vessels departed for the East, and it became 
necessary for the merchants to make their collections 
and prepare their remittances and mail before the hour 
of departure. The whole population generally turned 
out to bid their departing friends adieu, and business 
was partially suspended. It has thus established a pre- 
cedent, and to this day collections are made on steamer 
days (13th and 28th of each month), instead of on the ist, 
as is the custom in the East. The mail steamer " Califor- 
nia " was the first of the line to arrive, — February 28, 1849, 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 



STEVENSON MONUMENT 



erected in Portsmouth 
Square, unveiled Oc- 
tober 17, 1897, was the first monument ever erected to 
the memory of Robert Louis Stevenson. It is a rectan- 
gular granite block ten fett high, with a coping, upon which 
rests a bronze casting of a Spanish galleon under full sail, 
ploughing through the seas. It was the conception of 




Robert Louis Stevenson Drinking Fountain 



Mr. Bruce Porter, a local artist of well-won repute. It 
was in this square that Stevenson often sat upon a sunny 
day and received many inspirations which have found 
their way into print. Upon the face of the monument is 
a selection from his "Wrecker. " 



Califorr)i2v Souvenir^ 



Photographs, View Books, Guides, and 
Maps of San Francisco and California 



Professional ^n^ ^rn^teur 

Pbotograpb^rs^ 5upplics 

Developing done at reasonable rates 



Leevtb^r Goods 
Departroeot 



Carries a full line of Trunks, Valises, 
Hand Bags, and Telescope Baskets 



Tr2vvelers* Supplies 



Soaps, Combs, Brushes, Perfumes, Ra- 
zors, Cutlery, etc., etc. 



SANBORN, VAIL & CO. 

741-743-745 Market St. 

Retafl*^ Business District Sail FrailCiSCO, Cal. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 93 

—being followed shortly afterwards by the "Oregon," 
March 31, 1849. 

is a large brick structure, four 
SUB-TREASURY ^^^^^^ hjgh, situated on north 

side of Commercial street, between Kearny and Mont- 
gomery (former site of the United States Mint), erected 
1877. Lower floor only is occupied by the Sub-Treasury 
offices and vaults. Upper floors are occupied by the 
offices of the United States Surv eyor-General of Cali- 
fornia and United States Land Office. 

On the bluffs above the Cliff 
SUTRO HEIGHTS ^q^^^ is a place which one 

should not fail to visit. Through the hospitality of the 
Hon. Adolph Sutro, of Sutro Tunnel fame, whose pri- 
vate grounds these are, the Heights are thrown open to 
the public and to all tourists. The entrance is directly 
opposite the end of the steam-car extension of the Sacra- 
mento, Jackson, and California-street cable systems. 
Upon passing through the gate, which is guarded on 
either side by a huge lion, you see immediately before 
you a grand driveway, called Palm avenue, bordered by 
palms for its entire length, and with well-kept grass- and 
flower-beds. Numerous pathways lead off either to right 
or left, taking one to some secluded spot or bed of choice 
flowers. Statues representing the various allegorical 
and mythological gods and goddesses are to be seen in 
every direction. Upon taking any of the roads leading 
to the right, you pass through a beautiful grove of trees, 
over a fine grass lawn, with Mr. Sutro's residence on the 
left, to the Heights, overlooking the Cliff House, also 
the property of Mr. Sutro. The walls are finished with 
parapets, surmounted by statues and huge pots of flow- 
ers. Two large cannons project from the apertures, and 
add to the battlemented appearance of the Heights. To 
the north can be seen, in the immediate foreground, the 
5a 



94 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Merchants' Exchange Signal Station at Point Lobes, 
while beyond is Point Bonita, and farther up the coast, 
Point Reyes. To the south can be seen the surging surf, 
rolling upon the beach as far as the eye can see (Point San 
Pedro), and at almost any time the Farallones can be 
discerned. Upon leaving the Heights, take the road to 
the left, turning and going toward the ocean. This road 
takes you around the base of the parapet, upon the 
ledge of which can be seen numerous statues of dogs, 
children, sailor-boys, animals, and deer, picturesquely 
placed. A flight of steps, carved out of natural rock, 
leads to the Heights above. Toad-stool seats are placed 
along the roadside. Take steps leading to the balcony 
below {''^ Dolce far Nunte^^), overlooking the beach and 
approach to the Cliff House. Returning to road above and 
continu ng on, you come to the hot-house, where a choice 
collection of tropical plants and ferns is to be seen. Pass- 
ing on and arriving at end of the grounds, you take road to 
left leading to the Rotunda, reached through a long, nar- 
row passageway between two rows of trees, and from 
which a fine view of the grounds can be had. Continuing 
on, passing numerous nooks, choice flowers, and more 
statues, you come to the Maze, a labyrinth of paths lead- 
ing, apparently, to the far-away center. After passing more 
time here than was intended, you resume the road, fol- 
lowing which you strike Palm avenue again, near the 
entrance. After leaving the Heights, you take the road 
(Point Lobos) leading down to the CliflT House and Baths, 
passing on the right the Sutro pleasure-grounds, consist- 
ing of the Firth Wheel, Mystic Maze, Haunted Swing, 
and Scenic Railway, all relics of the Midwinter Fair. 

These are by far the grandest and 
SUTRO BATHS ^^^ ^^^^ superb of all the bath- 
houses in the world. Upon entering, you pass down a 
flight of steps to the first (or upper) floor, upon which is 
a good collection of curiosities. Directly in front is 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 95 

" Ben Butler," the larg^est sea-lion known. He was tlie 
monarch of the rocks, until one morning he was found 
dead on the beach, having been washed ashore. His 
weight was 2000 pounds. Next is a large walrus, then a 
huge polar bear, next a glass case of shells, etc., then 
some Egj'ptian mummies, and finally, a large case of 
stuffed birds of beautiful plumaj^e, and a fine collection 
of bottled fishes and reptiles. On either side can be 
seen a collection of interesting articles, gathered from 
every clime, from Alaska to Egypt A rare and costly 
collection of 2500 medallions is to be seen just back of 
the elevator shaft. Potted flowers and trees are in great 
profusion all about the building. Upon passing down- 
stairs, you come onto the main floor, or upper balcony, 
which is a great surprise to the unsuspecting visitor. In 
the corner to the left is the restaurant, where a light 
lunch can be had at a reasonable price. At the south end 
of this floor are some very fine specimens of stuffed 
birds and animals. Potted palms and tropical plants are 
placed in every conceivable nook and corner. To the 
right, at foot of stairway, the bathing-suits are issued. 
Passing around to the left, you can either go down to the 
floor below, or over to the east side of the balcony, on 
which are numerous side-shows of different kinds. A 
collection of ancient proclamations and photographs is 
to be seen in the revolving racks, just before passing to 
the main section. 

The main tank is on the western side of the building, 
and contains the sea-water in its natural state, direct from 
a basin dug out of the natural rock on the rocky point out- 
side, where it is deposited by the action of the waves. The 
water in this tank is from four to ten feet in depth. The 
other tanks, five in number, also contain the natural sea- 
water, but heated to varying degrees of temperature. 
The water in these tanks does not exceed six feet in 
de. th. One is reserved for ladies and children ex- 
clusively. There is also one fresh-water plunge-tank. 



96 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

The water in all the tanks is crystal-clear. Numerous 
trapezes, spring-boards, swinging rings, and toboggan 
slides add to the attractions. Only one hour is occupied 
in filling the entire system of tanks. The baths are 499/^ 
feet long and 254 feet wide, and hold 1,804,962 gallons of 
water. The main tank is L-shaped, being 300 feet long 
and 175 feet wide at the widest point. The seats are 
arranged like those of an amphitheater, in tiers, one 
above the other, on an inclined plane, and will hold 3700 
people, which, with the promenade holding 3700, makes 
a seating capacity of 7400. 

It required 100,000 superficial feet of glass to cover the 
roof and sides, and the tanks and round about the build- 
ing took 270,000 cubic feet of concrete. There are 517 
private dressing-rooms, besides numerous club-rooms, 
each of which is supplied with a shower-bath. An enor- 
mous breakwater, 400 feet long, twenty-five feet wide at 
top, and twenty feet high, protects the baths on the west 
from the encroachment of the sea. Another similar 
break-water affords protection on the end. 

north side of Sutter 
SYNAGOGUE EMANU-EL ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ p^„^„ 

and Stockton streets, is a large structure of Byzantine 
style, surmounted by two large, lofty towers, which, in 
turn, have large, gilded balls at the extreme top. The in- 
terior of the building is richly decorated. The building 
was erected in 1866, at a cost of |20o,ooo. 

A grand view is to be seen 
TELEGRAPH HILL ^^^^ ^^.^^ natural landmark, 

which lies in the northeast portion of the city. The bay, 
with its shipping and the movements of boats of all 
kinds, presents an ever-changing sight. To the east 
(about two miles) can be seen Goat Island, while be- 
yond lies the Oakland and Berkeley shore, with Mt. 
Diablo looming up beyond the range in rear of Oakland. 
To the south can be seen the various wharves, with their 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 97 

vessels discharging and loading, while further down can 
be seen the Union Iron Works, Pacific Rolling: Mills, 
Sugar Refinery, and Hunter's Point. Upon lowering 
the eyes, you behold the large manufacturing and whole- 
sale districts, which reach from Montgomery street to 
the bay. You can also see Rincon Hill, the Shot Tower, 
Palace, Occidental, Lick, Russ, and California hotels, 
besides the " Chronicle," " Call," Crocker, Mills, Union 
Trust, Mutual, and Pacific Mutual Life buildings, besides 
many other large office buildings; while off to trie south- 
west can be seen the city, with all its high buildings, 
towering domes, and smoking chimneys. The dome of 
the City Hall can be seen to good advantage, with the 
Twin Peaks and Mission hills looming up in the back- 
ground; still nearer can be seen Nob Hill and its grand 
mansions. To the north can be seen the upper arm of 
the bay, and beyond, past Red Rock, the Bay of San 
Pablo, through which the early seekers of gold rowed and 
tugged away at their boats, ever desirous of being first 
at the gold-fields. In the immediate foreground, a trifle to 
the west, can be seen Alcatraz Island, a fortified military 
post, commanding the entrance to the bay, while just 
beyond, appearing as part of the mainland, is Angel 
Island; farlheraway can be seen Mt. Tamalpais, looming 
up in all its majesty. To the west, one looks over several 
hill-tops and their intervening valleys, literally dotted 
with dwellings. The sea-wall can be followed round the 
base of Telegraph Hill; beyond the end of it is seen 
Fort Mason, then the Golden Gate and the Marin shore 
opposite. Point Bonita lighthouse stands out in bold 
relief above and beyond Fort Point. Telegraph Hill is 
294 feet above the level of the bay, and is now quite 
easy to ascend. Take either Kearny-street electric cars 
or Powell-street cable line, getting off at Greenwich 
street, and walk about four blocks up to summit. The 
wind blows quite strong during the afternoon, so it is 
advisable to make the ascent during the forenoon. There 



98 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

is at present a huge castellated frame building on the top, 
which was formerly used as a Sunday report. A time- 
ball, operated from the Merchants' Exchange, drops at 
noon on the pole on top of the tower. 

In September, 1849, ^ station was established on top 
of Telegraph Hill for the purpose of informing the resi- 
dents of the arrival of vessels. Signals were of various 
kinds, designating the kind of vessel, whether steam or 
sailing Great excitement prevailed on the announce- 
ment of the arrival of a Panama steamer. Thousands of 
people rushed to the wharves, in the hope of seeing some 
friend, or to get the news. 

The station was abandoned September 22, 1853, when 
Point Lobos was connected by wire with the Merchants' 
Exchange. 

It was proposed, in 1852, that Telegraph Hill be graded 
down, and that the earth be used for the ballast of out- 
going vessels, but the products of California's fields com- 
pletely changed the tables; and while considerable earth 
has been removed for ballast and for filling in the back of 
the sea-wall, the hill stands majestically overlooking 
the bay and city. 

The Western Union, with 
TELEGRAPH OFFICES headquarters on northeast 

corner of Pine and Montgomery streets, has branches 
scattered all over the city, as has also the Postal Tele- 
graph Co., with headquarters on Market street, below 
Montgomery, opposite Second. Branches can be found 
in the principal hotel offices as well. Messenger calls 
can also be found there. 

north side (No. 28) Eddy, 
TIVOLI OPERA HOUSE , ^ ' ,, '. 

between Powell and 

Mason streets. This house is celebrated for its light 

operas. It has a seating capacity of 1800. 




427 Kearny 5t., bet. Pine and California Sts. 

Headquarters for 

California Wood Novelties, Shells, Coral, and 
Curios California and Pacific Wood Novelties 
raa'^e from a variety of beautiful, durable, and 
curious woods, beautifulh- polished showing the 
natural colors and grains. 



Indian Baskets 
Samoan Fans and 
Baskets 

Finest assortment on the Pacific Coast to select from 



GELORGE. F. ATKINSON 

Manufacturer and Dealer 

Big Tree Store 

427 Kearny Street San Francisco, Cal, 



Elder and Shepar({ 

238 POST ST., SAI\ FRANCISCO, CAL. 



TTieChildrcnTRoom' 




1 

VISITORS 



ill 



Al\ INTERESTING BOOK 
snrf ART STORE 



/ C^ I 










iiiiif:!'!!' 



The Old BooK Room. 




V ^^.^^TMAMiBvOOJlL 



ARE, WILLCOME 



TO SAN FRANCISCO 99 

TO LAND was first opened in 1864. It 

MEDICAL COLLEGE jg on Stockton street, near 
Chestnut. It is an affiliated college of the University of 
California. 

TRINITY CHURCH '^ stated on the northeast cor 

ner of Bush and Gough streets. 
It is a ma.ssive and imposing edifice of stone, erected, in 
1893, from plans by the late Page Brown, an architect 
who contributed much to the beauty of our city 

_...... ,,^ which are to be seen upon looking out 

TWIN PEAKS ^,r 1 .. * * • Of* ^ 

Market street, rise 938 feet and are 
about 175 yards apart. They are now quite easy of 
access. Take Eighteenth-street branch of San Mateo 
electric line, getting oflT on brow of hills, and thence by 
succession of roads the summit is reached. An unsur- 
passed view can be had from this point. To the west, 
and at the base of the mountains, you can see the Alms 
House and Laguna Honda, a reservoir of the Spring 
Valley Water Company. To the north can be seen the 
Statue of Liberty, the Panhandle of the Park, and on 
over a stretch of the northwest section of the city, and 
across the bay, Mt. Tamalpias, always majestic and beau- 
tiful. To the east one gains a fine view of the city, and 
on a clear day the towns of Oakland, Alameda, and 
Berkeley, with Mt. Diablo looming up in the distance. 

..1^. .^iv. .n^n.! t.f^nu'.r^ located in the Potrero, are 
UNION IRON WORKS , , . , 

as complete as any m the 

world. They have recently built the U. S. Cruisers 
"Charleston," "San Francisco," "Olympia," the moni- 
tor " Monterey," and the battleship "Oregon," which 
has shown the world what can be done in the way of 
making war vessels on the Pacific Coast. A hydraulic- 
lift dock, 600 feet long, and capable of handling the 
largest vessels afloat, is a part of the plant. 

The Union Iron Works were founded in 1849 by 

LofC. 



lOO SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

James and Peter Donahue. The plant soon grew, and 
business increased rapidly to great magnitude. The firm 
changed several times. Mr. Donahue, who had suc- 
ceeded to his brother's interest, being interested in other 
pursuits, sold out. They built the first locomotive ever 
constructed on this coast — "The California." 

The managers and principal owners are the brothers 
Irving M. and Henry T. Scott. 

UNITED STAT E S is situated on the floors above the 
CUSTOMHOUSE Post Office. 

UNITED STATES is a massive and impos- 

APPRAISER'S BUILDING jng brick building, four 
stories high, facing Sansome street, between Washington 
and Jackson, and abuttinu the Post Office and Custom 
House. The necessity of having some building for stor. 
age purposes connected with the customs department, 
to be used as a warehouse in which imported goods 
would be received and appraised, and duties adjusted, 
led to the construction of this building. The United States 
Courts are located here. The foundation is of solid con- 
crete, many feet in thickness. It is to be remembered 
that the ground on which it is built is all " made ground," 
having been filled in years ago. 

VAN NESS AVENUE js the widest street in the dty 

(125 feet). It extends north- 
erly in a direct line, from Market street to the bay at 
North Beach. By a recent order passed by the Board of 
Supervisors, it has been declared a boulevard, and is 
therefore clear of all heavy teaming. The roadbed, 
which was formerly macadam, is quickly being converted 
into bitumen, which gives a more uniform and cleaner 
street. The first building of any note on this avenue is 
the St. Ignatius Church and College, on left side, corner 
of Hayes street {g. v.). A few blocks beyond, on north- 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. lOl 

east corner of Golden Gate avenue, is the Mercantile 
Library Building (r. ?.). Next we come to the new St. 
Mary's Cathedral, on northwest corner of O'Farrell 
street (^. v.). Passing on, we come to the Concordia 
Club, on southeast corner of Post. We now reach the 
fashionable residence portion, extending on to Pacific 
avenue. First Presbyterian Church, southeast corner of 
Sacramento street, and St, Luke's Episcopal Church, 
southeast corner of Clay, are also passed. 

WELLS, FARGO 4. GO'S occupies the six-story 
EXPRESS granite and pressed-brick 

building on the north-east corner of Mission and Second 
streets, just below Market street. It conducts a gen- 
eral express and forwarding (merchandise, money and 
letters) business, having offices in all the principal cities 
in the United States and Europe. It was established 
in 1852 for the purpose of doing an express, exchange, 
and banking business, with a capital of $300,000, which 
was shortly afterwards increased to $600,000. A system 
was established shortly afterwards for carrying and de- 
livering letters across the continent, which, in i860, 
developed into the famous Pony Express between St 
Joseph, Mo., and Sacramento, a distance of 1900 miles. 
The mail left each city twice a week, ten days being the 
time across. The rates were five dollars for each half 
ounce. The company also conducts a general banking 
business, the bank being located at the junction of Mar- 
ket, Sansome, and Sutter streets. 

YOUNG MEN'S CHRIS- is located on the northeast 
TIAN ASSOCIATION corner of Mason and 

Ellis streets, in a large, handsome, and imposing struc- 
ture, five stories high, built of Caduc Roman pressed 
brick, granite, and terra-cotta. It is modeled after the 
Italian Renaissance style of architecture. It has a facing 
of iS7}4 feet on Mason, by 87)^ feet on Ellis street, and 
cost, complete, I350.000. The finishings are of marble 



I02 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

and quartered oak. The gymnasium is in the annex, 
and is 105 feet long by 47^^ feet wide. It contains the 
latest and best apparatus, as well as a felt running track. 
There is, in addition to the tub baths, a swimming tank 
twenty by forty feet, supplied with salt water direct from 
the ocean, a bowling alley, shooting gallery, hand-ball 
court, cycling club, library (5000 volumes), and reading 
rooms. There is also an educational department, free 
to all members, where stenography, bookkeeping, mathe- 
matics, mechanical and free-hand drawing, elocution, 
vocal culture, rhetoric, German and Spanish are taught. 
There is, in connection with the institution, an employ- 
ment bureau for the benefit of members seeking em- 
ployment. There is also an auditorium, where lectures 
and entertainments are held. It will seat looa 



TO SAW FRANCISCO. loi 



A BRIEF HISTORICAL SKETCH OF 
SAN FRANQSCO. 

It may be well to give, in connection with this brief 
sketch of the city, a few of the principal historical facts 
which have occurred during the past fifty years, and have 
led up to the San Francisco of to-day. 

The present City of San Francisco was made by the 
merging together of the first two settlements on the 
peninsula — the religious settlement in the Mission and 
the commercial settlement on the Cove called Verba 
Buena. 

The first settlement was made at the Presidio by Friars 
Francisco Palou and Benito Cambon, September, 1776, 
but was afterwards transferred to the Mission, where it 
was not so exposed to the winds. Mission Dolores was 
dedicated by Don Josd Moraga, October 8, 1776. The 
first frame building was erected by Jacob P. Leese in 
1836, and was completed on July 4th of the same year, 
amid great celebrations. It stood on the south side of 
Clay street, above Dupont. The land on which it was 
erected was granted to him by Governor-General Mariano 
Chico, it being loo-varas square, and anywhere outside 
of 200-varas of the beach. A vara is equal to 33 >^ inches, 
and is a Spanish term, meaning a yard in measure. The 
majority of the people lived in huts or shanties, a brick 
building being a thing unknown until 1848. Most of the 
large frame buildings were brought from the East 
around the Horn, in sections, all ready to put together. 
Many of such can be seen, even to this day. The 
first brick building was erected on the corner of Mont- 



Io4 SOUVENIR AND GUIDS 

gomery and Clay streets, by Melius and Howard, in Sep- 
tember, 1848. A large trade in hides and tallow was 
conducted in Yerba Buena until the influx of emigrants 
and miners began, and the breaking out of the Mexican 
War. The Hudson Bay Company had an agency in 
Yerba Buena from 1841 to 1846. The " San Luis," a 
sloop-of-war, was the first American war vessel to enter 
the harbor, 1841. The first white child born in Yerba 
Buena (April 15, 1838), was a daughter to the wife of Mr. 
Jacob P. Leese, who was, before her marriage to Mr. 
Leese, a Vallejo, being sister to General Vallejo. They 
were married, April 7, 1837. The ship "Thos. H. Per- 
kins " arrived, March 6, 1847, with a regiment of 250 men, 
under command of Col. J. D. Stevenson. They were 
principally practical workmen and mechanics, unmar- 
ried, and enlisted agreeing to remain in the country after 
peace with Mexico had been declared. The ships *' Loo 
Choo," "Susan Drew," and "Brutus," arrived shortly 
after. 

On January 19, 1848, James W. Marshall, an Ameri- 
can, discovered gold while digging a ditch for a saw- 
mill at Coloma, about forty-five miles northeast of Sacra- 
mento. About two-thirds of the population of San 
Francisco left shortly afterwards for the gold fields, 
people selling their lots for one-half what they were 
worth one month before; but some of the miners, know- 
ing that the necessities of life were getting scarce, imme- 
diately came back to San Francisco, and prepared to 
profit through the rapidly increasing business. The 
population increased very rapidly. In 1846 there were 
but 200 inhabitants. Owing to the large finds of gold in 
the interior in 1848, it soon reached 1000, and early in 
1849 it was estimated at 2000, while in July of the same 
year it had grown to 5000, and in 1850 it was estimated 
at 10,000 souls. 

Between April and December, 1849, 549 vessels 
arrived, bringing about 35,000 passengers, while 42,000 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. I05 

arrived overland; but all of lliese did not remain in the 
city the greater number finding their way to the mines. 
Population in January, 1852, was 36,151. and in Decem- 
ber of the same year it had increased to 42,000. With 
this influx of miners came a motley crowd from all points 
on the Pacific Coast, Australia, and the East. Men of 
all trades came, expecting to get gold by merely picking 
it up. With this vast array ot population was a class 
who were engaged in gambling and all sorts of dishonest 
practices. Gambling seems to have grown into popular 
favor. Stringent measures for its abatement were taken 
in 1848, but to no avail. Fortunes were made and lost 
in a single day, and many a miner who had come to the 
city to embark for his home in the East lost all he had in 
trying to increase his fortunes at the gaming table, and 
had to put back to the mines and begin all over. 

The "El Dorado," a gambling saloon on Kearny 
street, opposite Portsmouth Square, paid an annual 
rental of |4o,ooo, while the Parker House, adjoining, 
gave the owner the handsome sum of |i2o,ooo per year. 
The second floor was used as a gambling saloon, and 
alone paid |6o,ooo. 

There was a great scarcity of gold and silver coin, 
gold-dust being the principal medium of exchange, at a 
valuation of sixteen dollars an ounce. The winter 
season of 1849 and 1850 was very severe, there being 
fifty-three days during which the rainfall was 33.10 inches, 
in consequence of which, the streets which had not as yet 
been graded or paved, were simply impassable. In 
many places teams would sink up to the body of the 
wagon, and the animals which could not be extricated 
were left to die where they were. Trees and shrubbery of 
all kinds, provisions by the barrel, and boxes were 
thrown into the streets to afford a passage-way. 

The monthly yield of gold in California during 1848 
averaged about $300,000; in 1849, $1,500,000; in 1850, 
$3,000,000. There was, in 1852, according to the Custom 

5b 



Io6 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

House report, 146,599,044 worth of gold-dust shipped 
from San Francisco, and in 1853, $54,906,659 worth. 

The name of the city was changed, January 30, 1846, 
from Yerba Buena to San Francisco, after St. Francis of 
Assisi, the founder of the Franciscans, an order to which 
Father Junipero Serra belonged. It was incorporated 
into a city in January, 1850, the first charter being granted. 
May I, 1850. The first survey of the Cove was made in 
1839, by Juan Vioget, who caused all of the old grants, 
located at random, to conform with the new survey. 

On the loth of March, 1847, General Kearny (then 
Military Governor) issued a decree, granting to the 
town all the beach and water lots between Rincon and 
Clark's points, except such as the senior naval officer 
situated in San Francisco should reserve for Govern- 
ment use, under condition that these lots should be sold 
at auction for the benefit of the town. Within a week 
after, Edwin Bryant, Alcalde of San Francisco, gave no- 
tice that the lots would be surveyed and sold. 

The sale took place July 20, 1847, when 200 of the 450 
lots, 45 5/6 X 137 1/2, were sold, at prices ranging from 
$50 to |6oo each. 

The remaining lots (250) were sold eight years later, 
and brought from $8eoo to |i6,ooo each. The prices 
obtained showed what confidence the business men had 
in the place. Another survey was ordered in October, 
1849, taking in the property between Larkin, Leaven- 
worth, Post, and Eighth streets, being sold in fifty-vara 
lots, at $200 each. 

Another survey was made later by Jasper O'Farrell, a 
civil engineer, taking in the property between Post and 
Francisco, and extending west to Leavenworth. He 
also laid out Market street. There was a cloud over the 
title of property south of Pine street, consequently most 
of the fashionable residences, churches, and leading 
hotels were north of that street; but in i860, as soon as 
the southern portion (south of Market street, east of 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. I07 

Tenth) was released from the Mexican and other claims 
(squatters who refused to be ejected, and who were de- 
feated by the action of the Federal Supreme Court), the 
majority of the wealthy families immediately moved to 
that portion of the city (Rincon Hill — q. v.). 

There have been, since Verba Buena {good herb) was 
first settled, hundreds of acres of land "made" by 
grading down and filling in: That portion of the city to 
east of Montgomery street, between Telegraph Hill and 
Market street, now the heart of the business section, was 
formerly mud flats in the Cove (which has been converted 
from concave to convex), between Rincon and Clark's 
points, extending one-quarter of a mile into the bay, and 
laid bare at every low tide. At North Beach and Mis- 
sion Cove large portions of the bay have also been con- 
verted to terra firma. 

The first lot to be made in that manner was just west 
of the present site of the Bank of California. Oft-times 
old hulks which had been dismantled and used as store- 
houses were shut in by the cross wharves from the main 
wharves, then projecting far into the bay. The hulk of 
the brig ''Euphemia," then lying at anchor in the Cove, 
was purchased sometime in August, 1849, to be used as 
a prison. On the northwest corner of Clay and Sansome 
streets, the "Niantic," measuring 450 tons, had been 
hauled up on the beach at high tide and fastened. She 
was then dismantled and used as a store-ship. The fire 
of 1851 destroyed that part of her that was above ground. 
On the site was built the Niantic Hotel, It was after- 
wards torn down, in 1872, when a large brick building 
which now occupies the ground was built. A severe 
wind and rain storm lasting several days did much dam- 
age to the shipping in December, 1851. Cellars were 
inundated and the lower streets flooded. Many store- 
ships were set afloat, and drifted to other quarters. 

It may be interesting to state here, in connection with 
our early growth, that as the shipping became very ex- 



Io8 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

tensive, and as the Commercial-street Wharf was inade- 
quate, other wharves were extended into the bay, and 
in 1854 the following wharves had been built: — 

Abernethy, Clark & Co's Wharf. From Steuart 
street, east 137 feet, 60 feet wide, 12 feet of water at low 
tide. It was commenced in March, 1853. 

Broadway Wharf. From Front street, east 750 feet, 
60 feet wide, with 26 feet of water at end. Commenced 
in the spring of 1851. 

Central Wharf. In extension of Commercial street 
from Montgomery street, east 1400 feet, 57 feet wide, 24 
feet of water. Commenced in April, 1849. 

Clay-street Wharf. From Davis street, east 1550 
feet, 50 feet wide, 35 feet of water. Commenced in 1853. 

Flint's Wharf. From Battery street, east 500 feet, 
75 feet wide, 25 feet of water. Commenced in February, 
•853. 

Front-street Wharf. From Front street, north 170 
fvet, 60 feet wide, 24 feet of water. Commenced in 
March, 1853. 

Jackson-street Wharf. From Drumm street, east 
700 feet, 50 feet wide, 23 feet of water. Commenced in 
August, 1853 A wharf opening onto this one was built 
on a line with East street, and was used as a ferry land- 
ing, 150 feet long, by 50 feet wide. 

Main-street Wharf. From Market street, south- 
east to Rincon point, 2000 feet. 

Market and California-street Wharves. Mar- 
ket street extended from First over 2200 feet, 40 feet 
in width and 20 feet of water at low tide. California- 
street wharf joined Market-street wharf. Commenced in 
July, 1850. 

Meiggs' Wharf. From Francisco street, north 1600 
feet, 42 feet wide, to Jefferson street; thence east 260 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. IO9 

feet, and 70 feet wide, with from 10 to 24 feet of water at 
low tide. 

Mission-street Wharf. From Main street, north- 
east 136 feet, 24 feet wide. Commenced in 1853. 

North Point Docks. From foot of Sansome street, 
212 feet to Chestnut, and along Chestnut to Montgomery 
street, 448 feet, 35 feet of water at low tide. Commenced 
in June, 1853. 

Pacific-street Wharf. From Front street, east 
1527 feet, 50 feet wide, 26 feet of water. Commenced in 
April, 1851. 

RousSET Wharf. From Steuart street, east 137 >^ 
feet, 45 feet wide, 12 to 17 feet of water at low tide. 
Commenced in June, 1853. 

Sacramento-street Wharf. From Davis street, 
east 800 feet, 33 feet wide, 17 feet of water. Commenced 
in March, 1852. 

Steuart- street Wharf. From Market street, 
southeast 1182 feet to Howard street. This wharf was 
built by individual property-owners along the line of 
Steuart street, and was used principally for the lumber 
trade. 

Shaw's Wharf. From Battery street, east to Front 
street 324 feet, 65 feet wide, with 35 feet of water at end. 
Commenced in June, 1853. 

Vallejo-street Wharf. From Front street, east 
1000 feet, 70 feet wide; with an L opening on the main 
wharf, north 350 feet, 50 feet wide, with 25 feet of water. 
It was commenced in June, 1853. 

Washington STREET Wharf. From Davis street, 
east 1300 feet, 50 feet wide, and 25 feet of water. Com- 
menced in October, 1853. 

(The above information was obtained from one of the 
early city directories). 



no SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

These were, in time, all filled in, and where large 
ships were tied up along the wharves or anchored in the 
stream, are now paved streets and business blocks. 
These wharves were constructed principally by private 
individuals and corporations, who, as the shipping in- 
creased, derived big returns from their investments. 
In October, 1851, there were in the harbor 451 vessels of 
various nationalities and rigging. 

The prices obtained for supplies of all kinds were 
very large, gold-dust being plentiful; but later prices 
fluctuated, as cargo after cargo was brought for specu- 
lation, and disposed of at auction. Rents were cor- 
respondingly high. Two years later, supplies of all 
kinds were dumped into the ruts in the streets, there 
being no purchasers, and as it did not pay to store 
goods at the existing rates of rents. 

Wages in 1853 were considerably higher than those 
paid in the East, and seemed to fluctuate with the influx 
of population. Journeymen of the following trades re- 
ceived the following wages per day: — 

Printers |io 

Stone Cutters. 10 

Bricklayers 10 

Ship-carpenters and caulkers 10 

Plasterers 9 

House carpenters 8 

Blacksmiths 8 

Watchmakers and jewelers 8 

Tinners . 7 

Painters and glaziers 6 

Longshoremen 6 

Tailors 4 

(Taken from an early directory.) 

Vigilance Committee. — In February, 1851, about 
200 of the most prominent citizens joined themselves 
together for the purpose of administering justice, as the 
number of robberies and murders had increased to an 
alarming extent, through the laxity and corruption of 
those entrusted with the punishment and prevention of 
crime. On June loth, John Jenkins was arrested for 
stealing a small safe. He was tried and convicted, and 



TO SAN KKANCISCO. Ill 

h inji^ed, the next morniiij; at two o'clock, on Brenham 
Place, opposite Purisinouili Square. James Stuart, a pro- 
fessional robber and murderer, was tried and sentenced. 
He was accordingly marched down to the end of Market- 
street wharf and hanged, July nth. 

A Second Vigilance Committee was organized 
immediately after the shooting of James King of William, 
editor of the "Bulletin," by James P. Casey, May 14, 
1856. Casey and Charles Cora, who had murdered U. S. 
Marshal Richardson, were tried and convicted by a jury 
composed of the Executive Committee, and hanged. 
May 22d, in front of the Vigilance Committee head- 
quarters (called "Fort Gunny-bags "), while the funeral 
of Mr. King was being observed at Lone Mountain 
Cemetery. They were given a fair trial, having been 
supplied with able attorneys. The military companies, 
organized by the Vigilantes, contained 5000 men, includ- 
ing three artillery companies. 

Roads. — A road was constructed around the base of 
Telegraph Hill, connecting with North Beach. Con- 
tractors experienced great difficulty in making roadways 
over the marshes in the vicinity of Seventh and Eighth 
streets, below Mission, covering in all about 300 acres. 
The great quantities of sand enabled them to fill in, but 
ihey would no sooner have it ready than it would sink 
out of sight. This occurred several times before bed- 
rock was reached. 

A plank road, from California street down Kearny to 
Thnd, and out Mission to P'ifteenth street, was con- 
structed during the spring of 1851, two and a quarter 
miles long. The road cost in the neighborhood of 
;^ioo,ooo, and was made free in 1853, previous to which a 
toll-gate had been placed near Kearny street. Another 
road was constructed on Folsom street, being two and 
an eighth miles long. 



112 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

A plank road connecting with the Presidio was laid 
out across the hills and Pacific street in 1853. 

Oregon fir or pine was used to a great extent in paving 
the streets and sidewalks. It has all been done away with 
for street pavements, and is little used for sidewalks, 
except in outside districts. 

A bridge across Mission Cove, 1200 yards long, con- 
necting with the Potrero, was built in 1865, at an expense 
of |6o,ooo. A project was on foot to open Montgomery 
street in a direct line across Market street to the Potrero, 
but it fell through in 1869, New Montgomery street (from 
Market to Howard), being opened in its stead. Second 
street was cut through Rincon Hill in 1869, at an expense 
of 1385,000. 

Kearny street, then forty-five feet wide, was ordered 
widened by the State Legislature in 1865, work being 
commenced the next year. It was completed at an 
expense of l579,ooo, it having been widened thirty feet 
from Market street to Broadway. That portion of 
Dupont street now called Grant avenue was widened 
from Market street to Bush in 1877, 

Happy Valley was that portion of the city that lay 
just to the north of Rincon Hill, and extended about five 
blocks to the west. 

It was quite a manufacturing district, foundries, ma- 
chine shops, flour, and lumbermills, etc. The Union Iron 
Works had its conception here, being started by the 
Donahue Brothers. Large hills of sand intervened 
between this section and the Cove. These hills were 
rapidly removed and transplanted, making firm ground 
between the then many projecting wharves into the bay. 

The Hotels of the earlier period were, first, the City 
Hotel, an adobe building one and a half stories high, 
erected in 1847 on southwest corner Clay and Kearny 
streets. It was destroyed in the great fire, June 22, 1851., 
In 1849, the St. Francis, a three-story frame, on south- 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. II3 

east corner of Clay and Dupont streets, became the most 
fashionable hotel. The Oriental, on the southwest corner 
Bush and Battery streets, was a four-story frame, 1851. 
The Tehama, on the site of the Bank of CaHfornia, was 
a three-story frame. The International, north side of 
Jackson street, near Kearny, was a brick structure. The 
Rassette House, a frame building, was burned down in 
1853, rebuilt and called the Metropolitan, which in turn 
was torn down, making room for the Cosmopolitan. 

The Severest Earthquake ever felt in this city 
occurred early in the forenoon of October 21, 1868, 
killing several people and injuring a great many more, 
cracking the walls of a number of brick and stone build- 
ings in the business sections of town, on what was called 
"made ground." 

Fires. — Like all other new and growing cities, San 
Francisco has had its fires, but with more severity than 
is generally experienced by many. Seven serious fires 
occurred in the short space of eighteen months. The 
first, on December 24, 1849, destroyed property to the 
extent of |i, 000,000. The second, on May 4, 1850, ex- 
tended over three blocks, and destroyed $4,000,000 
worth of property. The third, June 14, 1850, was larger 
than any of the previous, and did damage to the extent 
of $5,000,000. The fourth, September 17, 1850, while 
not so destructive in value, covered an extensive area; 
damage, I5, 000,000. The fifth, December 14, 1850, burned 
considerable of the business buildings on the block lo- 
cated on Sacramento street, below Montgomery; dam- 
age, $1,000,000. The sixth, May 4, 1851, destroyed 
eighteen entire blocks and portions of six others, being 
three-fourths of a mile long and one-half mile wide. 
There were less than twenty buildings saved in the en- 
tire area. The loss was between |io, 000,000 and 
$12,000,000. The seventh, June 22, 1851, destroyed 



114 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

property to the extent of I3, 000,000, and covered an area 
of ten entire and six parts of blocks. 

The Bear Flag. — The first Bear Flag was raised in 
Sonoma, June 14, 1846. The Bear party imprisoned Gen. 
M. G. Vallejo, Jacob P. Leese, and other prominent citi- 
zens, and declared California independent. The flay; 
was made of a white bag and an old red flannel shirt, 
being embellished with a single star, the words "Cali- 
fornia Republic," and a grizzly bear painted red. It can 
be seen at the Pioneer Hall. The bill admitting Cali- 
fornia into the Union as a State was passed by the 
Senate, August 10, 1850, by a vote of thirty-four ayes 
against eighteen noes, the noes being all Southerners. 
It was then brought up in the House of Representatives, 
and passed, September 7, 1850, with a vote of one hun- 
dred and fifty ayes and fifty-six noes. In this instance, 
the noes were also Southerners. The President, 
Millard Fillmore, signed the bill, September 9, 1850. 
The news of the admission did not reach San Francisco 
until October 28, 1850, when the Pacific Mail steamer 
"Oregon" arrived in port. Business of every description 
was suspended. Courts adjourned, and the people 
crowded down towards the wharves to hear the joyful 
news. Flags were flying from every pole and tree. 
Large guns in Portsmouth Square were constantly dis- 
charged. In the evening, bonfires blazed from every 
hilltop. All the large buildings, public schools, and 
places of amusement were brilliantly illuminated. Cali- 
fornia was the thirty-first State in the Union. 

The Central Pacific Railroad was completed in May, 
1869. This placed California in quick communication 
with the outer world, and numbers of people took ad- 
vantage of the opportunity to come to California, while 
another class were as desirous to go to their homes in 
the East and elsewhere. 



TO SAN FRANCISCO. 



NATIVE SONS OF THE erected at junction o^ 

GOLDEN WEST FOUNTAIN Market, Turk and Ma 
son Streets, was unveiled Septembers, 1897, by its donor, 
Hon. James D. Phelan, being dedicated to the Native 
Sons of the Golden West, to commemorate the admission 
of California into the 
Union, September the 
ninth, A/nio Doinifii, 
M D C C C L . It con- 
sists of a drinking 
fountain surmounted 
by a round shaft of 
pure California granite 
from Rocklin, which is 
beautiful in its simpli- 
city of design. In front 
of the shaft and facing 
Market Street is a 
bronze figure of a min- 
er with pick uplifted, 
while in the other hand 
he floats to the breeze 
an American flag con- 
taining the new star 
representing Califor- 
nia. Standing on the 
top of the shaft is an 
angel with opened 
book wherein is re- 
corded the date of admission. The work was conceived 
and executed by Douglass Tilden, a deaf mute, who also 
designed and executed "The Baseball Pitcher " a bronze 
statue in Golden Gate Park, 




Nau 



; .-)wHo ..r the t'.olden Weal 
Drinking Fountain. 






i ,m *"3aei 




TO SAN FRANCISCO. II5 

Bayard Taylor, in his "El Dorado," thus describes 
his first impression of the city (1849): — 

"The view extended around the curve of the bay, and 
hundreds of tents and houses appeared, scattered all over 
the heights and along the shore for more than a mile. A 
furious wind was blowing down through a gap in the 
hills, filling the streets with clouds of dust. On every 
side stood buildings of all kinds, begun or half finished, 
and the greater part of them were canvas sheds, open in 
front, and with all kinds of sigi.s in all languages. Great 
quantities of goods were piled up in the open air, for 
want of a place to store them. The streets were full of 
people hurrying to and fro, and of as diverse and bizzarre 
a charact«r as the houses." 



SECTION II 

CENTRAL CALIFORNIA 



We will attempt in the following pages to describe 
the country around about San Francisco for a distance 
varying from loo to 150 miles, or what can be distinctively 
called "Central California.' In the compiling of this 
section the writer has had in mind that which appeals to 
and interests a stranger or tourist; no attempt has been 
made to sing the praise of our glorious State's agricul- 
tural, viticultural, or other prospects, that being left to 
the State's statisticians and historians. 

It is as Mr. Nordhoff has said, "Though California 
has been celebrated in books, newspapers, and maga- 
zines for more than twenty years (now forty) it is really 
but little known of to the tourist," 

Note. — The numbers in parenthesis ( ) are cross ref- 
erences, and refer to the page on which the place is 
described: thus, (74) refers to page 74, whereon Mt. 
Tamalpais is described. 

The Time, Distance, Fares, etc., are all computed 
as from San Francisco. 




Union Fkrry Depot— San Francisco. 

the third city in size (population, 1900, 

66,960) in the State, on the east side of San 

Francisco Bay, is beautifully located on a tract of land 

stretching to the foot-hills of the Contra Costa range to 

the east. 

The business section is admirably situated on the level 
land reaching to the water front, while the residence 
section is on the foot-hill land, which alike is scenic and 
healthful. The water-front property is rapidly increasing 
in importance with the deepening and improving of the 
channel, the many factories situated in this locality 
being in evidence. 

The streets are broad, well paved, and well kept, and 
in the residence section lined with luxuriant shade trees. 
Oakland is justly celebrated for its beautiful homes, there 
being a number of choice locations, such as near Lake 
Merritt, Verona Heights, East Oakland and Piedmont 
Heights. 

It is well supplied with educational institutions, both 
public and private. The City Hall is located on Four- 
teenth street, directly opposite Washington, and 
the Hall of Records and Court House on Broadway, 
between Fourth and Fifth streets. The Oakland Public 
Library is comfortably housed in an artistic and finely- 
appointed building on Fourteenth street, corner Grove, 



Il8 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

the gift of Andrew Carnegie, who donated $50,000 
towards its erection, etc. There are many beautiful 
edifices dedicated to the worship of God, representing the 
various rehgious behefs. Its banks and office buildings 
are numerous and of the modern style. Hotels are 
plentiful, being centrally located and conducted under 
first-class management. 

Its population has increased over 333^ per cent during 
the last ten years, and owing to its natural advantages 
relative to commerce and manufacturing will grow stead- 
ily. Its harbor is perfectly landlocked and is ideal for 
ship building, repairing, and docking; it has the only 
marine railway on the bay. Traffic by rail and steam- 
ship is rapidly increasing; during 1901 over 5,221,377 
tons of freight were handled. 

Oakland is relatively to San Francisco what Brooklyn 
is to New York — a place of homes for its merchants. 

Lake Merritt is a beautiful sheet of water, lying 
between Oakland and East Oakland. It is an arm of 
Session's Basin and crossed by three bridges. Excellent 
rowing and sailing can be here enjoyed; boat house at 
Eleventh street bridge. 

East Oakland is on opposite side of Lake Merritt. 
Here are located many beautiful homes, situated on the 
rolling foot-hills amidst a perpetual bloom of flowers. 
No choicer locations for homes can be found than here. 
Mt. Tamalpais can be seen beyond the waters of the 
bay, looming up in all its majestic splendor. 

There are several ways of reaching Oakland froni San 
Francisco, via Broad Gauge, Narrow Gauge, Sixteenth- 
street station, or Creek Route. 

Broad Gauge leaves San Francisco every thirty min- 
utes (on the half hour); landing at the Mole, train is 
taken, continuing on as far as Fruitvale, with intermedi- 
ate stations at West Oakland, Center, Adeline, Market, 



Souvenirs 



of 



California 



View Books and Fine 
Photographs of All Parts 
of California :: :: :: :: 



Orange Wood, Manzanita, 
Curly Redwood, and Bark 
in Attractive and Useful 
Objects :: :: :: :: :: 



INDIAN BASKETS 



SMITH BROS. 

Booksellers, Stationers, Art Dealers 

12(h and Washington Sts. 

Oakland, Cal. 



120 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Broadway, Oak, Clinton, East Oakland, and at Twenty- 
third street. 

Narrow Gauge leaves San Francisco every tliirty 
minutes (on the quarter hour); landing at the Mole, tlie 
train (one to the left) is taken, continuing on to Four- 
teenth and Franklin streets. 

Sixteenth street leaves San Francisco every thirty 
minutes (on the half hour), taking train for Berkeley. 
Sixteenth street is one of the stations in Oakkmd. 

Creek Route leaves San Francisco from foot of 
Market street every two hours (on the odd hour) and 
lands at foot of Broadway. 

Creek Route. — By means of two walls of rock, i,ooo 
feet long and 800 feet apart, the main channel of San 
Antonio Creek has been preserved and Oakland's deep- 
sea shipping secured. Upon entering the channel and 
leaving the Narrow Gauge Mole on the right, continuing 
on, the freight slips of the S. P. R. R. are passed on the 
left, then come extensive ship building yards on either 
side and other industries. The Oakland Yacht Club's 
quarters are opposite the landing at foot of Broadway. 
Two structural iron drawbridges span the channel at 
Webster and Alice streets, beyond which is Session's 
Basin, where deep sea-going vessels out of commission, 
quarter; beyond, it is again spanned by two draw- 
bridges — Park and High streets (see Tidal Canal page, 
122, also page J9). 

This route affords a delightful trip on the water — fare, 
5 cents; time, 35 minutes. Take boat south of Union 
Depot, San Francisco, or foot of Broadway, Oakland. 

There are many pretty little trips out of Oakland to 
be had by taking most any of the car lines. See "All 
Day for a Dollar" excursion, page 177. 

Leona Heights is a picturesque natural park in the 
foot-hills to east of city. Mills Seminary is passed 
en route. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 121 

Fruitvale is a veritable fruit and flower garden. At 
the end of the electric cars is the Old Homestead and 
numerous German Sunday resorts. Altenheim, the 
home for aged Germans, is close by, and Joaquin 
Miller's home about two miles up in the hillsides. Cars 
from Eighth and Washington streets, also from Fruit- 
vale station. 

Piedmont Sulphur Springs Park, at the end of 
Piedmont cars; you are as though in private gar- 
dens — the grounds being so beautifully and artistically 
laid out. Coursing through the park is an artificial 
stream flowing down a canon of rare grandeur — leading 
to a small lake. Here the Sulphur Springs are reached, 
while just beyond are other springs of sulphur, mag- 
nesia, and fresh water. The grounds cover 60 acres. 
Admission, 10 cents. 

A trip to Berkeley (122) via the Telegraph avenue 
electric cars, takes one through a pretty residence section, 
passing the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind Asylum (Parker 
street) when nearing the University grounds. The return 
trip can be had via Shattuck avenue and Grove street 
(electric cars). Both these lines go direct to the Univer- 
sity grounds — 30 minutes. 

Alameda (121), on the south side of the estuary, is 
also reached by electric cars. Fare, 5 cents. 

Then there is the trip to Haywards, San Leandro, 
or San Lorenzo. Take cars at Seventh and Washington 
(electric). After crossing Lake Merritt, you reach East 
Oakland, a beautiful residence section; the county road 
is then reached, the suburbs passed through, and Elm- 
hurst reached. After leaving here, we at once enter a 
rich farming district, extending from the foot-hills to the 
bay. Pretty little homes are seen on either side midst 
groves of fruit trees and gardens of vegetable truck. 
Crossing San Leandro Creek we come into the old town 
of 



122 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

San Leandro, first settled in 1837, by the Estudillo 
family, on an old Mexican grant. It now has a popu- 
lation of 2,253 (1900). The waters of the creek are 
dammed about two miles up and conveyed to Oakland. 
Continuing on we come to the junction, where cars 
can be taken for San Lorenzo, i>^ miles distant. The 
Alameda County Infirmary is on the opposite side of 
the roadway on the hillside and covers an area of 124 
acres. The section we are now passing through is as 
rich as any in the State, and supplies the first fruits in 
the market. 

Hayvvards, a thriving and prosperous city in the 
heart of this rich farming district, is next reached. It 
has a population of 1,905 (1900) and is a favorite 
summer resort. The county roads are the finest in 
the State. Vast quantities of fruit from around here 
are shipped east. At the end of the line is a beautiful 
and romantic canon, up which about two miles is a 
sulphur spring. 

Mountain View Cemetery is situated at the end of 
Piedmont Avenue, and contains 200 acres of beautifully 
laid out grounds, somewhat in the shape of an amphi- 
theatre. There are many fine monuments and vaults, 
it being considered one of the finest cemeteries on the 
coast. The Catholic and Jewish cemeteries adjoin it. 

The street-car system has recently been consolidated, 
greatly facilitating the means of traversing the suburban 
districts. 

ALAMEDA ''^^ Oakland and Berkeley, originally 
formed part of the old "Peralta grant," and 
was known as " Encinal de San Antonio" ("Encinal" 
means*'Oak Grove"). It occupies a peninsula about four 
miles long by ^4 to i]4. miles wide, lying between San 
Antonio Creek and the Bay of San Francisco, being south 
of Oakland, on the east shore of San Francisco Bay. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 123 

It is now a beautifully laid out city of 16,464 inhabit- 
ants (1900), having many fine homes, which in main are 
of San Francisco merchants. The streets are wide, in 
fine condition, and abound with shade trees. The main 
thoroughfare is Park street, extending across the city. 
The residence section shows every evidence of luxury 
and elegance. Its City Hall is a fine modern brick 
structure at the corner of Santa Clara and Oak streets, 
erected in 1895. Here are located the offices of the 
municipality and the Alameda Free Library, of 25,000 
volumes. Its institutions of learning are of a high order, 
and its Fire and Police departments efficiently managed. 

Along the south side are numerous surf-bathing re- 
sorts. The estuary or ' ' Tidal Canal ' ' is spanned by two 
structural bridges, one at Park street and the other at 
High street, where the connection with San Leandro Bay 
is made. When the canal is completed, Alameda will 
be an island. 

Trains from San Francisco come into Alameda at two 
different points, — Broad Gauge, on north side at Park 
street; Narrow Gauge, on south side at High street, 
with intermediate stations. Broad Gauge cars leave San 
Francisco every thirty minutes, on the half hours, and 
Narrow Gauge on the quarter hour. Fare, round trip, 
20 cents. 

BERKELEY ^^ ^ beautiful city of homes, having a 
population (1900) of 13,214, having in- 
creased nearly threefold during the past ten years. It 
adjoins Oakland on the north, and lies between the 
foothills and the bay, facing the Golden Gate. The 
principal residence section lies on the sloping ground 
toward the foot-hills, while the business sections are at 
the various stations along the railroad. The main en- 
trance to the University grounds is but a short distance 
from the Berkeley station. The climate is delightful, 
being free from fogs and winds. 



124 * SOUVENIR AND GUTD 

Berkeley can be reached by three distinct routes, via 
Broad Gauge ferry (every thirty minutes) and train from 
Oakland Mole; fare, lo cents; time, 47 minutes; or by 
two electric lines from Oakland; fare, 5 cents; time, 30 
minutes. 

University of California. — Upon the rolling 
ground rising from the station towards the foot-hills, 
covering an area of 245 acres, are the buildings, etc., of 
the University of California. These are to be gradually 
replaced by a new "City of Learning," which has been 
made possible by the forethought and generosity of 
Regent Mrs. Phoebe A. Hearst, who supplied the nec- 
essary funds (150,000), providing for an international 
architectural contest, with the idea of making this the 
grandest university in the world. The plans of Mon. E. 
Benard, of Paris, were selected out of 105 submitted, 
and a prize of $10,000 awarded him. 

The University was established by an act of the state 
Legislature that met in Monterey, September, 1849. This 
was the same Legislature that sought the admission of 
California into the Union. Dr. Henry Durant's College 
of California in Oakland was moulded into the Univer- 
sity of California in 1867. 

There are many affiliated colleges in connection with 
the University of California. The Institute for the Deaf, 
Dumb, and Blind near by; Lick Observatory, on Mt. 
Hamilton (130); Mark Hopkins Institute of Art (16); Wil- 
merding Polytechnic School, and the Colleges of Law, 
Dentistry, Medicine, and Veterinary, located in San 
Francisco (14). A new college, that of commerce, has 
recently been created, and a commercial museum is 
being established. 

Strawberry Creek flows through the grounds. 

The Institute for the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind being 
an educational institution as well, is endowed by the 




Map showing various railroads between San Francisco, San Jose, 
Santa Cruz, and Monterey. 



126 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

State. The several buildings are just to the south of the 
University grounds. Get off electric cars at Parker 
street. School between 8 and i o'clock. Entrance can 
be had any day. 

COAST LINE BROAD GAUGE 

Out of San Francisco, via Third and Townsend 

Streets. 

After a short run of ten minutes Valencia street 
station is reached We then commence to pass through 
the suburbs, passing on the right the Branch City Jails, 
and going through a rich vegetable and pasturage dis- 
trict, where in spring the eschscholtzia (California poppy) 
grows in great abundance. From Ocean View a 
distant view of the glorious old Pacific Ocean can be 
seen breaking on the beach. Laguna Honda, one of 
San Francisco's water reservoirs, can also be seen. The 
several cemeteries are passed on the left. Tanforan 
Racing Grounds are now passed, and the trip is contin- 
ued on down the west side of the bay and on into the 
Santa Clara Valley. 

BURLINGAME ^^ ^^ summer home of many of San 
Francisco's wealthier population. 

<5AN MATEO ^^ ^ pretty little town of suburban 
homes, with a population ot 1,832 
(1900). Stage connects here for Half Moon Bay, Puris- 
sima, San Gregorio, and Pescadero, a famous fishing 
resort. 

BELMONT is next reached. Here are located several 
private schools and colleges and many 
hands )me residences. Climate throughout this section 
ij all that can be desired. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 127 

REDWOOD CITY ^^^ county seat, is a prospercus 
city of 1.653 inhabitants {igo) to 
the west of which are large forests of redwood. It has 
both rail and water facilities for shipping, being located 
near the waters of San FVancisco Bay. 

MENLO PARK ^^^^ '^^^^ ^^^ located the homes of 
many of California's multi-million- 
aires. The country through here has a remarkably fine 
and uniform climate. The soil is very productive, and 
dairying is a thriving industry. 

PALO ALTO Upon crossing the San Francisquito 
creek, guarded by its single "Palo 
Alto" tree, the last of its race in the valley, we enter 
the University town of Palo Alto, with its 1,658 souls 
(1900). The University grounds are a short distance to 
the right, and upon approaching, one is at once en- 
chanted by their magnificent and stately outlines, pre- 
senting a unique appearance in their old mission style of 
architecture. There are twelve buildings connected by 
an open arcade, enclosing an area of 3^ acres, form- 
ing the inner quadrangle. In addition to these main 
buildings there is the Museum, open from 10 to 5, 
Robbie Hall (girls' dormitory), Encina Hall (boys' 
dormitory), the chemistry building and chapel. The 
"Frat " houses, post-office, and professors' homes are a 
short distance off" from main buildings. 

Mrs. Stanford's residence, the Palo Alto stock farm, 
the Aboretum and the Mausoleum are off" the main road 
to the right. The University grounds were dedicated 
May 14, 1887, and classes opened Oct. i, 1891, with 500 
students. Tuition is free. 

This grand institution of learning was planned as a 
memorial, by the late Senator Leiand Stanford, to his 
deceased son, Leiand Jr. Over 130,000,000 have been 
dedicated for its use. This is the greatest individual 



128 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

"ift ever made for any purpose in the world's history. 

A bus can be hired at the depot at a small charge, to 
convey you to and around the grounds. 

The white dome of Lick Observatory, on Mt. Hamil- 
ton, off to the left, on the highest peak of the ridge, can 
be seen while approaching Santa Clara. 

SANTA CLARA This vast and productive valley cov- 
^^'-^^^ ers an area of 1,754 square miles in 

the center of the State, just south of San Francisco Bay. 
Its soil is extremely rich and productive, producing a 
greater income than any other county of the United 
States. It has the largest seed farm and fruit drying 
plants in the world. Hundreds of thousands of acres 
are under cultivation of apricots, prunes, peaches, straw- 
berries (always first in market), and grapes. About 
twelve miles distant from San Jose are the New Almaden 
quicksilver mines, the second largest in the world. 
The educational systems cannot be surpassed, — Leland 
Stanford, Jr., University, at Palo Alto; State Normal 
School and College of Notre Dame, at San Jose; Uni- 
versity of the Pacific, at College Park; Santa Clara Col- 
lege, at Santa Clara, besides the many public schools and 
private institutions. Congress Springs, with its medicinal 
waters, 12 miles from San Jose; Alum Rock, 7 miles; 
Lick Observatory, on Mt. Hamilton, 26 miles east, add to 
its attractions. Then there are several good-sized towns, 
— San Jose, Santa Clara, Gilroy, Palo Alto, Los Gatos, 
etc. Its system of country roads and driveways can not 
be excelled. The climate of this delightful valley is 
mild and uniform, being protected on the west by the 
wooded Santa Cruz Mountains, and on the east, from the 
warmth of the San Joaquin Valley, by Mt. Hamilton spur. 

SANTA CLARA ^^ ^^^ next place of note. Popula- 
tion 3,650 (1900). Here are located 
the buildings of the Santa Clara Colleges on the site of 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNTA. 129 

the old Santa Clara Mission, founded January 12, 1777. 
The old original cross still stands (encased in wood) in a 
little park in front of the church. The walls of the old 
Mission were removed so as to afford more room, but 
the ceiling above the altar still remains and is a beauti- 
ful specimen of Indian painting. There is a fine collec- 
tion of old books in the library, which is well worth 
seeing. Here are carefully guarded an old choir book 
over 500 years old, and the old baptismal books. 

Tnis is a city of pretty homes. It is connected by 
electric cars with San Jose, on the "Alameda," a beau- 
tiful shaded drive three miles long, originally laid out by 
the missionaries. College Park, University of the Pa- 
cific, is midway towards San Jose, get off at University 
avenue. 

SAN JOSE (Sau Hoza^) population 21,500 (1900), has 
been appropriately called the " Garden 
City," for the ]:)rofusion and beauty of its flowers. It is 
the county seat and largest city in the valley, and has 
many fine buildings and residences. The streets run 
north and south, east and west, are broad, bituminized, 
and well kept, and commence to number from First and 
Santa Clara, the center of the business section. The 
Broad Gauge trains enter on the north side and the Nar- 
row Gauge on the west side of the city. The Post-office, 
costing J 200,000, is a fine, modern, red sandstone build- 
ing, facing the City Hall, which is of brick, and cost 
;^i 50,000. Here are located the municipal offices. The 
Hall of Records and Court House (a fine view is to be 
had from the dome) are on North First street, facing St. 
James Park, one of the city's beautiful breathing spots. 
The State Normal School and San Jose High School 
arj located in Washington Square, between Fourth and 
Seventh, San Carlos and San Fernando streets. The 
Carnegie Library is to occupy the northwest corner of 
Fourth and San Fernando streets. The College of Notre 



T30 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Dame occupies a square block on West Santa Clara 
street. The Oak Hill and Jewish Cemeteries are four 
miles out on the Monterey road (take South First street 
cars) and the Calvary Cemetery is on the Alum Rock 
road (take Alum Rock cars). It has one first-class 
theater, Victory, several first-class hotels, Hotel Ven- 
dome, and the St, James, both on North First street. 
There are six banks. At Market street and West Santa 
Clara avenue rises a structural iron tower 200 feet, with 
electric lights of 24,000 candle-power. Throughout the 
residence section poles 150 feet high support electric 
lights. Owing to the fine roadways through the valley, 
cycling and driving are much indulged in. 

The first State Legislature met in this city on De- 
cember 13, 1849. Its settlement dates back to November, 
1777, when a party of Mexican soldiers established them- 
selves at what they called the "Pueblo of San Jose de 
Guadalupe," Franciscan friars having established the 
mission at Santa Clara a short while before. 

There are many beautiful drives to be had out from 
San Jose, notably to Mt. Hamilton (130), to Alum Rock 
(below), Palo Alto (126), New Almaden Quicksilver 
Mines, Los Gatos (138), and Pacific Congress Springs 
(138), and many other points round about San Jose. 

In order to see these various famous resorts advan- 
tageously, it is suggested that a conveyance be procured. 
Those of the Lick Stables are most reliable, as here you 
can obtain experienced drivers as well as courteous 
treatment. They are thoroughly familiar with every inch 
of the Santa Clara Valley, and can make the trips ex- 
ceedingly interesting. Address 20 and 22 East San 
Fernando street near First. Phone, Main 301. 

Alum Rock. — This is in a delightful little canon of 
the Coast Range, to the east of San Jose (seven miles 
by road and eight by cars), of 400 acres. There are 
two springs, one of sulphur and the other of soda water. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. I3I 

which is exceedingly pleasant to the taste. There are 
also tub and tank baths of sulphur water. The road 
crosses over to the east side of the valley to the foot-hills, 
passing through orchards and vineyards to the mouth of 
the caiion, where it follows along the banks of the " Pen- 
itencia" (so called from the missionaries who came here 
annually to do penance), crossing and recrossing and 
winding on up until the springs are reached. Fare from 
San Jose on cars, 30 cents round trip, but the drive is 
much more enjoyable. This park belongs to the city. 

The trip by steamer from San Francisco to San Jose 
affords one a delightful sail down the bay, forty-five 
miles, to the "embarcadero " Alviso, thence nine miles 
by bus to San Jose, traveling through rich grain fields 
and fruit orchards. Steamer leaves daily (except Satur- 
day) at 10 A. M., from Bulkhead between Washington 
and Jackson streets. Fare to Alviso, 43 cents; San Jose, 
50 cents; round trip, fi.oo. 

Fare, I1.25; time, two hours; distance, fifty-one miles 
via Broad Gauge. Fare, I1.25; time, two hours; dis- 
tance, forty-eight miles via Narrow Gauge. 

LICK OBSERVATORY ^n the summit of Mt. Ham- 
ilton, 4,209 feet above the 
level of the sea, is located the Lick Observatory, an 
Affiliated College of the University of California, at 
Berkeley. The site was selected in 1875. The land was 
granted by an Act of Congress June 7, 1876, consisting 
of 1,350 acres; through additional grants and purchases 
it now has an area of 2,581 acres. The road to the sum- 
mit was built by the county in 1876, at a cost of $78,000, 
and is a feat of mountain engineering as well as one of 
the most picturesque of mountain roads. The telescope 
was mounted in 1887, and has a disc of thirty-six inches, 
being one of the largest and most powerful in the world. 
There are also a number of smaller instruments devoted 
to other branches. Cost of instruments alone has been 



132 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

|iii,9o6, and the buildings, etc., $500,000. The observa- 
tory is twenty-six miles by road from San Jose, but only 
thirteen in an air line, and can be reached by stages that 
leave every morning from the Lick Stables, No. 20 East 
San Antonio street. The best time to go is Saturday, as 
you can then look through the big telescope, the observ- 
atory being open from 7 to 10 p. m. On other days and 
nights (during office hours) visitors are shown through 
the building and lesser instruments. A grand view is to 
be had from the summit and from various points along 
the road, while below you stretches out one of the 
grandest and most productive valleys in the world (127). 
There are no overnight accommodations at the summit, 
but excellent accommodations can be had at the hotel 
at Smith's Creek, where the horses were changed and 
lunch procured on the ascent. 

After leaving San Jose on the Broad Gauge the 
next point of interest is 

riLROY ^ thriving city of 1,850 population (1900), in 
the midst of a vast and fertile agricultural 
country. Here cars are taken for Hollister and Tres 
Pinos, and the stage for the Gilroy Hot Springs, 14 
miles distant, which are excellent for general debility and 
all blood diseases. 

Turning toward the coast we at once pass through 
the Coast Range, crossing the San Benito River, and on 
down into the Pajaro Valley, one of the most productive 
in the State. 

PAJARO ^^^^ ^^^ here taken for Watsonville (136) 
and Santa Cruz (141). 

CASTROVILLE ^^ ^^^ head of the famous Salinas 

Valley, is next reached. Here the 

main line, which traverses the famous wheat-producing 

Salinas Valley, the " Coast Line," " Sunset Limited " for 



TO CENIRAL CALIFORNIA. 133 

Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, and all points east, is left, 
and we continue on towards the coast. 

DEL MONTE (^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ forest). Upon alighiing 
from the train and passing on into the 
grounds of Del Monte, we are as in a wondrous garden 
of fairyland. Let us come at whatever season of the 
year we choose, at every turn can be seen all that is 
grand and beautiful. The grand old pines and cypress, 
the landscape gardening, the far-reaching beds of gre< n 
grass, the exotic garden of cacti, the mystic maze, and 
the beautiful lake, form charms both natural and culti- 
vated that make this one of the most famous resorts in 
the world. The ground covers an area of 126 acres. 
Del Monte is conceded to have the most beautiful and 
delightful climate in the State. Hunting and fishing are 
to be enjoyed. A short distance from the hotel grounds 
on the beach towards the old town of Monterey, is the 
bathing pavilion, where the bather can enjoy a cold 
plunge, or a tempered bath, or a dip in the surf is to be 
had. The hotel itself, of magnificent proportions, con- 
tains over 500 rooms, is 380 feet long by 115 feet in 
width, with an east and west annex 280x40. 

Monterey is one mile distant, and can be reached by 
train or street-car. 

MONTEREY PoP'^ilation 1,748 (1900). Here we see 
the relics of the past mingled with the 
present, for it was at this quaint old town that the Span- 
iards settled in the year 1770. It is one of the oldest 
settlements on the coast. Here it was that Don Sebas- 
tian Viscaino in 1602 landed, taking possession of the 
country for King Philip III of Spain, under whose orders 
he had sailed. He named the place Monterey in honor 
of Gaspar de Zuniga, the Count of Monterey, the Span- 
ish Viceroy of Mexico; but it was not until 1769, when 
Gaspar de Portola, governor of Monterey, and party 




TO 

MONTERElir 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 



135 



came overland from San Diego, that the place was again 
settled. 

In the following year, June 3, 1770, Father Junipero 
Serra arrived on the vessel "San Antonio," also from 
San Diego, On a slight eminence off the road towards 
Pacific Grove is to be seen a monument erected by Mrs. 
Leland Stanford to commemorate his landing; at the base 
of the hill is a wooden cross showing the exact place of 
landing. Coming into town, we see near the wharf the 




Old Custom House and San Carlos Mission. 



old custom house, where Gen. John C. Fremont had 
his headquarters. The relics of a fort established by him 
can be seen on the hillside above the Serra monument. 
Many of the old adobe buildings can be seen even to this 
day, and massive ruins are to be seen almost every- 
where. Passing through the town and up near the cem- 
eteries is to be seen one of the old missions, San Carlos, 
founded by Serra June 3, 1770; it is a picturesque old 
church, and resembles very much the one at Carmel Bay; 



136 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

in fact, the settlement was removed to the valley of 
Carmel River the following year. 

Monterey played a very important part in the early 
settlement and history of California. It was the seat of 
the Spanish and Mexican government in California, both 
military and civil, and remained so until its capture in 
1846, when it was occupied as the capital of California by 
the Americans. The first constitution was framed here 
in 1849. The first American flag raised in this State was 
at Monterey on Oct. 19, 1842, when Commodore Jones, 
in command of the frigate "United States" and the 
corvette "Cyane," seized the place as the capital of the 
country for the United States. Learning his mistake, he 
hauled it down and apologized. War breaking out in 
1846 between the United States and Mexico, Commodore 
Sloat, of the U. S. Navy, captured the place and raised 
the American flag July 7, 1846. Aside from the historic 
interest, its nearness to " Del Monte'*' and Pacific Grove, 
with their natural and wonderful attractions, makes it 
very popular. The 18-mile drive can be had from here 
as well as Pacific Grove or Del Monte. In the Govern- 
ment Reservation on the hill back of the town is being 
erected a monument to the memory of Commodore Sloat, 
each county in the State contributing a stone for the 
pedestal; there will also be one from the army and one 
from the navy. Dedicated July 7, 1896. 

Fare, $3-00; time, 414^ hours; distance, 126 miles. 

MONTEREY BAY ^^^ waters of this bay are of a 
deep blue hue, and afford facilities 
for bathing, fishing, and boating which are unexcelled. 
Whales in large numbers often sport about. In fact, 
Monterey was a large whaling seaport. On the beach 
midway between Monterey and Pacific Grove is a 
Cjjinese fishing village, which, to the curious, will fully 
repay a visit. It was on the shores of this bay that the 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 137 

brigfantine "Natalie," which conveyed Napoleon from 
Elba to the shores of France, found its final resting-place, 
1843. The stem is in the museum in Golden Gate Park, 
The sands on the beach are peculiarly adapted for the 
making of glass. One hundred and twenty-six known 
species of fish have been fuund in this bay. See articles 
on Santa Cruz ^142), Pacific Grove (below) and Del 
Monte (133V 

PACIFIC GROVE ^^ "^ ^''^ "<->^v at our journey's end. 
This delightful seaside resort and 
place of annual conference of the M. E. Church is now a 
charming city of 1,411 population (1900). It is situated 
on a wooded peninsula, with the waters of the Pacific 
and Monterey Bay lapping its shores. It has a beautiful 
and well -protected beach for surf bathing; the John Hop- 
kins Seaside Laboratory is near by. There are many 
points of interest — the lighthouse on Point Pinos (ex- 
tension of Lighthouse Road), 15-minute walk, open 
Tuesdays and Fridays, 10 a. m., 3 p. m., the cycle path 
(lo-mile course) through the cypresses and along the 
beach, and the " 18-mile drive," which takes you through 
groves of pines and cypress, along the "moss" and 
"pebble" beaches, past the seal rocks, and on to 
Cypress Point and over to the old Carmel Mission, estab- 
lished 1770. At this mission repose the remains of Fa- 
thers Junipero Serra and Crespi and fifteen governors of 
this Province and State. The return is up over the divide, 
down through the Del Monte grounds, and on through 
the old town of Monterey. This is a delightful and 
never-to-be-forgotten ride. The "El Carmelo " is the 
leading hotel. Santa Cruz is on the upper end (twenty- 
five miles across) of the crescent-shaped Monterey Bay. 
Monterey, distant two and one-half miles, and Del Monte, 
three miles, can be reached by train or by'the street-car. 

WATSONVILLE ^^^^ '^ ^ thriving and prosperous 
city of 3,528 population (1900), 



138 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

backed by the wonderfully rich and productive Pajaro 
Valley, where drought has never been known. Vast 
quantities of apples, the best in the State, are shipped 
from here annually. It is on the Broad Gauge to Santa 
Cruz. Beet-sugar industry outranks all other localities 
in the State. 

APTOS AND are two seaside resorts en route to Santa 
CAPITOLA Cruz. They are extremely popular and 
well patronized, being open the year round. 

SCENIC ROUTE. 

For San Jose, Los Gatos and Santa Cruz via 
Narrow Gauge Route. 

Upon taking the Narrow Gauge ferry-boat at Union 
Depot, foot of Market street, and landing at Alameda 
Mole, the train is taken, which passes through Alameda 
(121), and while paralleling the Broad Gauge track it 
follows more closely the bay shore. 

WEST SAN LORENZO (^^^ ^^^*^ P^^^ ^44)- The 

salt industry is carried on 

very extensively all throughout these marshes we are 

now passing, and great mounds of salt, evaporated from 

the waters of the bay, are to be seen everywhere. 

ALVARADO ^^""^ ^^^ some of the most productive 
and successful sugar-beet properties in 
the State, producing over 50,000 pounds per day. Salt 
has been recovered from the waters of San Francisco 
Bay in this vicinity ever since 1848-49. 

NEWARK ^^ next reached. This is a thriving and 
industrious town. Here are located large 
car-shops, where many of the cars operating in and out 
of San Francisco, are manufactured. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 139 

ALVISO '^ situated on the lower end of San Francisco 
Bay, forty-five miles distant by water and 
thirty-eight by rail. It is the port of entry by water for 
San Jose. 

Steamers from San Francisco land here and connect 
with a line of buses for San Jose, nine miles distant. 
This affords one a delightful sail on the bay and a charm- 
ing drive through fruit orchards and grain fields. Fare 
(by water) to Alviso, 40 cents; San Jose, 50 cents; round 
trip, $1.00. 

AG NEWS ^^""^ '^ located a State Insane Asylum, built 
at a cost of |8oo,ooo. 

SANTA CLARA ^^^7) and San Jose (128) are soon 
reached and the road continues on to 
Santa Cruz (141) via Los Gatos. 

After leaving San Jose (128) on the Narrow Gauge, 
we commence to climb gradually up through the Santa 
Clara Valley, amid orchards and vineyards of wonderful 
productiveness, fruit from this section generally being 
the first in the market. Here is the home of the prune. 

LOS GATOS (^^^y ^^ ^^^ Cats) at the head of the 
valley, is reached. It is considered as 
one of the most health-invigorating spots in the State. 
Here are located many fruit-canning and drying plants, 
giving employment to thousands during the season. 
Population 1,915 (1900). Here are also to be found the 
largest almond orchards in the world. 

PACIFIC CONGRESS six miles distant from Los 
SPRINGS Gatos, in the Santa Cruz 

Mountains, is an ideal summer and winter resort, being 
open the year through. 

WRIGHT Sunset Park, the favorite picnic grounds, are 

located here. Immediately after leaving 

the station we enter a tunnel two miles long, emerging 



140 



SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 



at another favorite summer camping district. We have 
now crossed the divide and are on our way down to the 
coast. 



LAUREL 



We are now in the midst of the Santa Cruz 
Mountains, about fifteen miles from the 
coast, and at an altitude of 910 feet. The air is healthful 
and invigorating, which, coming direct from the ocean, 

is tempered by the dense 
growth of gigantic redwood, 
firs, etc., which can be seen 
in every direction. There 
are numerous camping 
grounds throughout the en- 
tire mountain system, and 
many famous mineral 
springs. Vast quantities of 
tan bark of an excellent 
quality are obtained through- 
out this district. 

pp. -|-QK| is next reached. 
Here cars are 
changed for Boulder Creek, 
etc., and you at once find 
yourself traversing the foot- 
hills of the Ben Lomond 
Range and following the San 
Lorenzo River, leading into 
a series of camping grounds. 

ROWARDENNAN is first 

passed, then Ben Lomond, 
and on to Boulder Creek, 
which is about thirteen miles from Santa Cruz. Hotels 
are numerous and camping outfits can be rented on the 
grounds. Hunting, fishing, bathing, and boating can be 
enjoyed to one's heart's content, and the climate is as 




In the Santa Cruz Mountains. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 14 1 

healtliful and invigorating' as can be found anywhere. 
Continuing on, on the mam Hne, you reach the 

BIG TREES Hce is to be seen a grove of the fa- 
mous Sequoia sempervirens, or Big 
Tree redwoods. Some ot these trees are something 
grand in their majestic magnitude, rising straight up into 
the air over 300 feet, and being 70 feet in circumference 
at tlieir base. There are several single trees that are 
worthy of mention. The "General Fremont" is 270 
feet high. 70 feet at the base, and has a cavern that 
extends 25 feet up into the heart of the tree, the floor 
of which is 12x18 feet. It was burned many years 
ago, before the discovery of the grove. General Fre- 
mont camped in this grove and at the base of this tree 
when on a surveying expedition for the U. S. Govern- 
ment in 1846. A short distance away is to be seen a 
trough cut out of a fallen tree, where he tanned leather, 
the t^n o<ik growing in the grove. There were fifteen of 
these cut out of the same tree; the remains of several are 
still to be seen. The " Giant," which is 60 feet at base, 
is now only 300 feet nigh, but the top was broken off 73 
feet fro n top. The '• Gen. Grant " is 51 feet at base, and 
300 feet high. Then there are several others of note, 
" Gen. Sherman," "Gen. Castro," "Jumbo," "Three 
Sisters," " Nine Muses," and various presidential trees. 
The most remarkable growth in the grove is " IngersoH's 
Cithedral," having 18 trees in the group. There are 9 
forming an outer circle, 8 forming an inner circle, and 
all surrounding one of grand dimensions, which rises 
majestically 300 feet. The outer circle measures 120 feet 
at base, while the inner one, 98 feet. It is interesting to 
note the growth of these trees around the center or 
mother tree. A peculiar feature of this species of trees 
is that no boughs appear within 75 to 100 feet of the 
ground, and that decay sets in at the top and follows 
the heart down. Too much of these grand old trees can 



142 



SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 



not be said, as they leave an impression never to be for- 
gotten. The San Lorenzo flows to the rear of the grove 
and on down to the Santa Cruz. 

We are now on our way to Santa Cruz, following the 



beautiful 
distant. 



San Lorenzo River to the coast, six miles 



SANTA CRUZ 



(Holy Cross), 
one of Cali- 
fornia's most popular watering- 
places, is on the north end of 
the crescent-shaped Monterey 
Bay. The beach is the finest 
on the coast, being of gradual 
descent and covered with a 
clean white sand. Surf bathing 
is enjoyed here to its fullest 
extent. There are 
also bath-houses of 
tempered sea 
water. There are 
many first-class 
boarding -houses 
and hotels, "Sea 
Beach," "St. 
George," etc. The 
State military 
camping-gro u n d s 
are on De la Vega 
Heights, near the city. On Mission Hill, where the 
Catholic Church now stands, formerly stood the old 
mission, which has long since been razed. The Narrow 
Gauge tunnels this hill immediately under the church 
grounds and plaza. 

The Natural Bridge and Long Beach, on the 
Cliff Road, are very interesting, and to be seen it is 
advisable to secure a buggy, as it is a long walk. Upon 




San Lorenzo Rivrer. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 143 

leavins^ the city and following the road alons; the cliffs 
the Lighthouse is first passed. Visitors admitted Tues- 
days and Fridays, between lo a. m. and 4 p. m., except 
holidays. 

VuE DE l'Eau is next reached. Here a fine collec- 
tion of sea-mosses, shells, and curios is on display and 
offered for sale. The formation of the cliffs here is very 
peculiar and well worth observing. Continuing on up 
the Cliff Road, Mussel Rocks are passed, and the Natural 
Bridge finally reached. This is a wonderful natural 
formation, there being three distinct arches in the one 
projection. The beach extends on up the coast. Beau- 
tiful specimens of seaweed are to be had all along the 
beach. 

Another drive, and by far the most picturesque, is up 
to the Big Tree Grove of giant redwoods (see page 140). 
Secure your carriage immediately upon arriving, as it is 
so popular a drive that you can not aftord to miss it. 
Upon leaving the city you at once enter a mountain 
gorge and follow the ever-bubbling and rushing San 
Lorenzo River. Here the scenery increases in grandeur 
as you gradually climb up the mountains and along the 
precipitous bluffs, looking down on the mountain stream 
at the bottom of the gorge. The density of the growth 
of the redwoods increases as you ride along, and after a 
delightful drive of six miles, through this mountain 
scenery, you alight, and, crossing a foot-bridge over the 
same stream you have followed for so many miles, you 
find yourself in the famous Big Tree Grove. M. C. 
Hopkins, of Santa Cruz (Sunset Telephone, Main 15), 
proprietor of the City Stables, makes a specialty of the 
mountain drives and will meet parties from Del Monte 
at the depot. Telegraph number in party at his ex- 
pense. Or he will meet parties from San Francisco who 
stop oft' at the grove and desire the mountain drive. 



144 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Excellent trout fishing- is to be enjoyed in the many 
mountain streams (when in season). 

Back of the city rises bold Loma Prieta, the highest 
peak of the range. A grand scenic picture presents 
itself; to the north stretches the Santa Clara Valley, 
beyond which lies the Bay of San Francisco; to the south 
lies the Pajaro Valley, and to the west lies Santa Cruz, 
by the sea. Monterey Bay can be seen for iis entire 
sweep. 

The California Powder Co.'s plant is on the San 
Lorenzo River. It is passed while going to the Big Tree 
Grove. 

Tw^iN Lakes Park, a Baptist resort, lies one-half 
mile east, on the bay shore. 

Fare, |2.8o; time, 4^ hours; distance, 120 miles. 
Broad Gauge. Fare, $2.80; time, 4 hours; distance, 80 
miles. Narrow Gauge. 

There are three ways of reaching Santa Cruz, to wit, 
via the Narrow Gauge, just desciibed; zna the Broad 
Gauge (Third and Townsend), changing at Pajaro, and 
by the steamers of the Pacific Coast Steamship Com- 
pany. Population, 5,659 (1900). 

FOR STOCKTON AND SACRAMENTO 

VIA Livermore; and for San Jose via Niles. 

Upon crossing the ferry, Broad Gauge, and taking the 
cars at the Mole, you pass through Oakland, skirting the 
estuary, getting a view of Alameda, on opposite side. 

SAN LEANDRO ^^ soon reached (122). The town 
is about one mile from the track, un 
the county road. The remarkable fertility of the soil 
can be observed. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 145 

SAN LORENZO '^ "^^^ passed (121). Crops of 
all kinds are raised in great abun- 
dance in this section, principally garden truck. 

HAYWARDS ^^^^ towns up to this point are all on the 

county road, about one mile from the 

depot, and described as suburban to Oakland (121, 122). 

DECOTO '^ next reached. In this section the sugar 
beet is most successfully and profitably 
cultivated. Continuing on we pass through the grounds 
of the California Nurseries, where flowers of all varieties 
are to be seen the year around. This brings us into 
Niles. 
Upon leaving Niles for San Jose (Broad Gauge) 

IRVINGTON ''^ soon reached. Two miles to the east 
is the 

MISSION SAN JOSE ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^°^" ^" ^^^ 

county, having been estab- 
lished June 18, 1797, on a plateau about nine miles from 
the bay, amid rich and fertile lands. The old Mission 
church was destroyed by an earthquake in 1868. 

WARM SPRINGS ^^^ soon passed, and Milpitas 
and San Jose reached. 

NILES ^^^^ '^^ ^ pretty little suburban town at the 
mouth of the caiion of the same name. Cars 
can be taken here for San Jose via Milpitas, or to 
Stockton via Livermore. The California Nurseries are 
located here. It was through this caiion that Gen. J. 
C. Fremont, the pathfinder, and a company of forty-two 
men, passed on their way from Monterey, the capital, to 
Oregon via San Jose and Stockton. Governor Castro 
revoked his permission to traverse the State, but Fremont 
continued on his way, turning back upon reaching 
Oregon, and going to Sonoma. California had, in the 
meantime, declared her independence from Mexico. 
This was in 1846. (See page 114.) 



146 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Upon entering the canon we at once reach a favorite 
summer camping district. Following along the banks of 
Alameda Creek, which is dammed farther up and 
flumed and conveyed to Oakland, we soon reach 

SUNOL ^^ ^^^ ^^^ entering the famous Livermore 
Valley. On the left at Verona, surmounting 
the crest of a knoll, is to be seen the home of Mrs. 
Phrebe Hearst, who has done so much for the Univer- 
sity of California and the State. It is a picturesque and 
romantic dwelling, built after the old Spanish and Mexi- 
can mission buildings, and called the "Hacienda del 
Pozo de Verona." 

PLEASANTON ^^ ^ pretty little town of 1,100 popu- 
lation (1900), situated on the western 
edge of the Livermore Valley, which we are now 
entering. 

LIVERMORE ^^ ^ thriving and prosperous town ol 
1,493 population (1900), located in a 
rich and fertile valley of same name, lying at the southern 
base of Mt. Diablo. The wines produced in this section 
are world famous, being equal to the best French wines. 
Named after Joseph Livermore, an Englishman, who 
came to California in 1820, in a whaling vessel, which he 
deserted at Santa Cruz. About ten miles distant from 
Livermore is a vast rocky mass, where Joaquin Murietta, 
the famous Mexican bandit, held forth. 

After passing through and over a spur of the Coast 
Range, we come out onto the broad expanse of the San 
Joaquin Valley, getting a distant glimpse of the river off 
to the left. 

TRACY *^ ^^^" reached, after leaving which, numer- 
ous streams are crossed, and finally the San 
Joaquin River, just before reaching Lathrop. 

LATHROP ^^^^ ^^ quite a railroad center. Cars are 
changed here for Merced, Fresno, and 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 147 

all points south, and to Stockton, Sacramento, etc., if 
going south via Tracy. A twenty-minute stop is made 
here for meals, etc. 

Distance via Martinez, 94; via Niles, S3 miles. 

FRENCH CAMP ^^^"^ '^ located the San Joacjuin 
County Hospital and the Alms- 
house. Castoria, as it was formerly called, was a 
settlement of the Hudson Bay Company, and occupied 
from 1829 to 1838. 

g-|-QQjx-pQ|sg Here is one of the most thriving busi- 
ness and manufacturing cities on the 
coast. Being at the head of navigation on the San Joa- 
quin River, it has splendid facilities for shipping by 
water as well as by rail. It is a natural point of ship- 
ment of the vast crops of wheat produced in the valley, 
and base of supplies for the mining district to east and 
southeast. Large flour mills with a capacity of 9,000 
barrels a day flank the river. Both the Southern Pacific 
and the San Joaquin Valley Railroad (Santa Fe) pass 
through and have several radiating branches. Then 
there are several lines of steamers running to San Fran- 
cisco, 92 miles distant, although only 62 miles as the 
crow flies. 

A peculiar feature is the natural gas that lies under 
the city, furnishing cheap light and fuel for heat and 
power. There are 15 natural gas wells in the city, pro- 
ducing from 25,000 to 100,000 cubic feet each daily. 
There is one under the Court House and two at the 
Insane Asylum. There are five banks, a splendid school 
system, and several first-class hotels, "Imperial" and 
" Yosemite," that go to make up a thriving and prosper- 
ous city. In the business district are many substantial 
building blocks, showing permanence and stability. 

The County Court House (1890) occupies a prominent 
site in the center of the city; it is of California granite, 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 149 

and cost 1366,000. A grand view is to be had of the 
city and surrounding country from the dome (get key at 
elevator). The two cannon guarding the approach to 
the Court House, formed part of Commodore Stockton's 
armament in 1846. 

The Hazelton Free PubHc Library is a handsome 
building, constructed of California marble, at a cost of 
f 100,000. It holds 35,000 volumes. 

The State Insane Asylum is located in the suburbs, 
and covers 100 acres of ground, beautifully laid out in 
gardens, lawns, and sidewalks (take North California 
street-cars). These cars also take you to St. Joseph's 
Home for aged males, the Rural Cemetery, and to Good- 
water Grove, a place of resort. On opposite side of 
the city are the Hot Mineral Baths, tub and tank; these 
waters are famous for their medicinal properties, being 
excellent for rheumatism. 

Stockton is the starting-point for camping trips into the 
Yosemite Valley and to the Big Tree Groves. 

The S. P. Railroad Depot is on the east side of town, 
foot of Main street, and the Santa Fe Depot on the south 
side, while the steamboat landings are on the west side, 
on both sides of Eldorado street. The streets run north 
and south, east and west, and in some respects resemble 
those of eastern cities, being level and lined wiih stately 
shade trees. 

Stockton was settled and fathered by Capt. C. M. 
Weber in 1844, who, in connection with Mr. Gulnac, 
obtained from the Governor a grant, since known as the 
"Weber Grant," and founded a colony on the present 
site of Stockton, which, upon the discovery of gold, be- 
came the depot and entry port of the trade with the 
mines east and south, and has grown steadily ever since 
until now it has a population of 17,506 (1900). 

Fia Niles, 91.7 miles; fare, $2 50 and $1.50; time, 3.05 
hours. Fid Martinez, 103.22 miltrs; fare, $2.50 and $1.50; 



I50 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

time, 3.05 hours. Via Point Richmond, 78 miles; fare, 
)^2.5o first class and I1.50 second class; time, 3 hours. 
Fza boat, 92 miles; fare, 50 cents; time, 12 hours. 

Leaving Stockton for Sacramento the first town of 
note is Lodi, which is the center of the melon-producing 
district. 

GALT ^^ ^^ ^^^ right can be seen the snow-capped 
range of the Sierra Nevadas. Cars are here 
taken for lone, etc. 

SACRAMENTO ^^^^ capital of the State, with a popu- 
lation of 29,282 (1900), is situated 90 
miles northeast of San Francisco by rail, and 125 by 
water, on the east bank of the Sacramento, the largest 
river in the State. 

It is a large manufacturing city, being second only to 
San Francisco, and has excellent rail and water facilities 
for shipping. The car shops of the Southern Pacific 
system are located here, giving employment to thou- 
sands of skilled mechanics. These buildings are on 
made ground, the course of the American River having 
been diverted to the north. There are numerous bank- 
ing institutions, occupying striking edifices, many fine 
office and lodge buildings, churches, schools, etc., etc., 
making it a modern city of growing resources. The 
Post-ofiice, recently completed at a cost of |3oo,ooo, is 
of a high grade of red sandstone, corner Seventh and 
K streets. 

There are several points of interest here that are well 
worth visiting, to wit, the State Capitol, with <i rounds 
under highest state of cultivation, covering thirty acres. 
The capitol is a stately building of magnificent archi- 
tectural proportions, costing $2,600,000. In it are located 
the State offices, the State library and law library, the 
chambers where the State Legislature and Senate meet, 
etc., etc. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. I5I 

A grand survey of the surrounding country can be 
seen from the dome (get permission from watchman). 
Looking north down Eleventh street on past the Cathe- 
dral and off on the horizon, we see the snow-capped 
Sierra Nevadas. Oftentimes Mt. Shasta can be discerned; 
a glimpse is also to be had of the American River, 
which flows into the Sacramento just above the city. 
Looking east over the Capitol grounds and on past the 
State printing office and Agricultural Pavilion, where the 
State fairs are held, we look toward Sutter's Fort and 
toward the south over a broad expanse of open country, 
Mt. Diablo looming up to the southwest. Looking west 
up M street, we can follow the Sacramento River, wind- 
ing its way towards the Bay of San Francisco. A little 
to the right is a large sheet of water, called the "over- 
flow " from the river. There are 205 steps to the top of 
the dome, which is 223 feet high. The ball is 17 feet 
higher. 

The streets, you notice, cross at right angles, north 
and south, east and west, and are well supplied with 
shade trees. The car system is all electric and very 
complete. The city is also lighted by electricity, which 
is brought down from the mountains. 

Sutter's Fort, open every day from 9:30 to 4:30. 
Take M street car line. This is one of the most 
interesting and historic spots in California, as well as 
being the first building in Sacramento Valley. It 
was built in 1839 by Gen. John A. Sutter and held 
12 guns and 1,000 Indian soldiers. The place went 
to ruins and was rebuilt after the old plans by the N. S. 
G. W., who now have it under their care. The walls 
(rebuilt) are 18 feet high by 2>^ feet thick, and enclose a 
court 300 by 150 feet. The building in the center is all 
of the original fort that remains; its walls are of old 
adobe bricks and lYz feet thick. There is a collection 
of old relics here also. 



152 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

The E. B. Crocker Art Gallery, corner O and 
Second streets. Take Third street cars. Admission 
free between 10 and 4. Here is to be seen the finest 
collection of art and paintings on the coast, being 
valued at over half a million dollars, and was the gift of 
Mrs. E. B. Crocker to the city. There are 701 paintings 
in the collection, many after the old schools, such as 
Vandyke, Murillo, Rubens, Meissner, etc. The place of 
honor is given to Hill's masterful "Yosemite Valley." 
State Mineral Cabinet is on the lower floor. Here are 
many fine specimens of mineral ores of every descrip- 
tion. 

Another interesting sight are the levees that have 
been thrown up along the river banks. Large ships 
came up the river in the early fifties to the city, the water 
being deeper then than now. During the winter of '49 
and '50 the water rose very high and flooded the city. 
Then these levees were built at an enormous cost. They 
sometimes give away, allowing the water of the river to 
do sad havoc. Hundreds of thousands of dollars have 
been spent on this river repairing breakages. The town 
of Broderick is on the opposite side. 

There are numerous hotels, the principal being 
Golden Eagle and Capital, both on corners of K and 
Seventh streets. 

A trip up the bay and river on one of the steamers 
affords one a very pleasurable trip, leaving San Fran- 
cisco at I p. M., arriving at Sacramento during the 
night; return trip leaves Sacramento at 10 a. m. 
next day, arriving at San Francisco that night late. 
Fare each way, I1.50; meals, 50 cents; berth, 50 
cents. This trip enables you to see the upper bay on 
the trip up and the upper river on return trip. Take 
boat south of Union Depot. 

This is the largest fruit-shipping point in the State, 
and during the season the loading and icing of the 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 153 

refrigerator cars along the river front is an interesting 
sight. 

Via Niles and Stockton, 140 miles; fare, I3.30; time, 
6>< hours. Via Martinez and Stockton, 151 miles; 
fare, $3-30; time, 60 hours. Via Benicia, 90 miles; fare, 
$3.30; time, 32 hours. Via river steamer, 125 miles; 
fare, $1.50; time, about 12 hours. 

CALIFORNIA NORTHWESTERN 
RAILWAY. 

TIBURON (shark) is reached by taking one of the 
large and commodious ferry-boats of the 
California Northwestern Railway, from Union Depot, 
foot of Market street, affording a delightful sail on the 
bay, passing along the City Front (34), Alcatraz (14), 
Angel Island (15), getting a distant view of the Golden 
Gate (50), and Presidio (84), and upon nearing Tiburon 
you pass Raccoon Straits (86), and the Quarantine Sta- 
tion (86). Tiburon is the railroad terminus for trains 
going through the famous Sonoma Valley, the Russian 
River country, and on up to Ukiah and Willits. 

Off to the left is Corinthian Yacht Club's quarters, 
while beyond this is 

g^l_y^Q^P^ a beautiful suburban town. (Take bus, 
10 cents round trip). This is one of the 
most charming spots around the bay. Here can be seen 
the homes of many San Franciscans snugly nestled on 
the lee side of Belvedere Island. 

Fare, Tiburon, 25 cents round trip; distance, 6^ miles; 
time, 30 minutes. Upon leaving Tiburon, Richardson's 
Bay (87) is skirted, and upon emerging from the second 
tunnel, Mt. Tamalpais (74) looms up in all its majestic 
magnitude, off to our left. 

GREEN BRAE ^^ree miles off to the right are to be 
seen the massive walls and watch- 



SOUVKNIK AN'I) C.IIDI':. 155 

towers of San Ouentin State Prison, while at the left Ml. 
Tamalpais still remains in view. We soon are able to 
see off to the right the upper end of San Francisco Bay, 
and the Marin Islands a short distance from the shore. 

SAN RAFAEL Snugly nestled and hidden amongst 
the thick and luxuriant foliage, and 
encircled by hills, lies the beautiful suburban city of San 
Rafael, noted the world over for its healthful and invigo- 
rating climate, making it a winter and health resort 
greatly appreciated by eastern tourists and invalids. 
Hotel Rafael, located in the eastern part of the city in a 
park of 40 acres, is among the finest in the west. Two 
railroads enter the city, the California Northwestern and 
the North Shore Railway. Mt. Tamalpais Military 
Academy and several other institutions of learning are 
located here. Population, 3,879 (1900). A beautiful 
scenic boulevard of i>^ hours' drive connects with 
Tiburon. Stages also connect for Bolinas, a beautiful 
mountain drive to the coast, on arrival of 9:30 train from 
San Francisco on the N. S. R. R. 

Fare, 50 cents round trip. Several trains daily. Dis- 
tance, 15 and 18 miles respectively. 

The first engagement between the Americans and 
Mexicans, upon the Declaration of Independence from 
Mexican Government by California, was fought near here. 
Eight Mexicans were killed and many taken prisoners. 
This was in 1846. The old Mission San Rafael Arch- 
angel, established in 1817, has been replaced by a more 
modern structure. 

IGNACIO Approaching here a rich pasturage section 
is passed through. Cars are here taken for 
Sonoma and Glen Ellen. 

NOVATO About here are located some of the finest 
dairying districts in the State, as well as the 
largest poultry section. A fine grade of basaltic rock is 
quarried near by. 



156 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

p^-py^j_ij|^^ (Indian name meaning "Duck Hill"), 
at the head of navigation on river of 
same name, is peculiarly dubbed an "inland seaport." 
It is a thriving and prosperous city of 3,871 souls (1900), 
with many industries. It has four banks and many fine 
buildings, showing evidence of great commercial facili- 
ties. 

It is the center of a rich farming district, producing 
vast quantities of hay, wheat, poultry, and eggs. The 
river shipment fr. m Petaluma of hay and eggs was 
60,000 tons and 2,500,000 dozen respectively for year 
ending June 15, 1901. 

Gen. M. G. Vallejo in 1846 built the first house, an 
adobe building and stockade. 

SANTA ROSA ^^^ county seat, has a population of 
6,673 (1900) and shows steady and 
healthful growth. It has two railroads, the California 
Northwestern entering on the west side and the Southern 
Pacific on the east side. A fine view can be had of the 
city and surrounding country from the dome of the 
Court House, showing mile after mile of orchards, vine- 
yards, and hay, grain, and corn fields, extending over 
the valley. It has a public library, four banks, fine 
municipal buildings, many fine business blocks and 
buildings, wide, well-kept streets, a water system that 
can not be excelled, and everything that goes to make 
up a thriving and growing city. Its homes are literally 
covered with bowers of roses, which can also be seen in 
great profusion everywhere. 

There are many pretty drives, to wit: Mark West 
Springs, 9 miles; fare, $1.00; Sebastopol, 6 miles; Glen 
Ellen, 15 miles; and to Petrified Forest, 16 miles (168). 

FULTON H^^6 cars can be taken for Guerneville and 
the famous Russian River country, passing- 
through groves and forests of the giant redwood, rising 
from 100 to 300 feet. This is a famous camping, hunting, 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 157 

and fishing district, as well as lumber-producing country. 
Stages are taken for Alturia, two miles distant. 

MARK WEST ^^^' ^^' ^^^^"^ (167) looms up in 
all its majestic sublimeness off to the 
right and can be seen for many miles. 

WINDSOR ^^^ '^^^ "*^^ traversing a section of the 
State particularly adapted to the cultivation 
of the grape, as indicated by the rich red soil and hillside 
lands. 

HEALDSBURG '^ '^ pretty city of 1,869 inhabitants 
(1900), on the banks of the Russian 
River, the rich bottom lands of which are of inexhausti- 
ble fertility. It is the center of a large fruit-packing and 
wine-growing district, hunting and fishing. 

LYTTON H^''^ ^^^ located the famous Lytton Springs 
— of a health-giving and invigorating mineral 
water, both seltzer and soda. It is a favorite summer 
resort and sanitarium. 

GEYSERVILLE ^^^^ ^^^^ stage is taken for a nine- 
mile drive into the mountains, through 
Dry Creek Valley and the Warm Spring Canon to 
Skaggs Springs of hot mineral waters, another of the 
many resorts in Santa Rosa Valley for the health and 
pleasure seeker. 

AST I ^^ ^^^ "*-*^ "^ ^'^^ famous vineyard of the 
Italian-Swiss Colony, covering 2,000 acres. 
They have ihe largest wine tank in the world, holding a 
half a million gallons of wine. The wines from this 
section have been awarded many gold medals at expo- 
sitions in America and Europe. 

CLOVERDALE ^^ ^^ ^^^ head of the Santa Rosa 
Valley, where are grown oranges, 
lemons, figs, limes, and other citrus fruits. Here the 
stage is taken for 



158 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

THE GEYSERS ^^^^ is one of the most wonderful 
spots on the earth's surface, and of 
all the sight seeing to be had in this wonderful State of 
California, The Geysers in Sonoma County far excels 
(excepting Yosemite Valley). After a delightful drive of 
three hours, sixteen miles up the canon, following Sul- 
phur Creek, the hotel grounds are reached. From the 
veranda can be seen the vapor as it rises from the canon, 
and be heard the screeching of the "Steamboat Geyser." 
Crossing the creek, you at once enter the canon, 
where are to be seen the " Epsom Salts Springs," the 
"Iron and Sulphur Springs," temperature 208° Fahr.; 
the "Devil's Inkstand," the " Punch Bowl," "Geyser 
Smokestack," and hundreds of others as curious and 
interesting sights. Eggs are boiled hard in one minute. 
A trail leads up the caiion, returning via "Steamboat 
Geyser," Guides are furnished. There is also at the 
"Fig Tree" a "Lemon Spring," and an "Ink Well," 
only an arm's length apart. Hot mineral baths are here 
to be had, also excellent hunting and fishing. Season 
opens May i. 

HOPLAND Upon leaving Cloverdale the banks of the 
Russian River are skirted for about fifteen 
miles. This is an ideal fishing ground. We now enter 
the famous hop-growing district, which extends in every 
direction for miles. Stages are taken here for Dun- 
can Springs, Highland Springs, Kelseyville, Carlsbad 
Springs, Lakeport, Soda Bay, and Bartlett Springs. 

UKIAH (^'^il'^io, a tribe of Indians), the former ter- 
minus of the California Northwestern Railroad, 
is finally reached. Here is located the county seat of 
Mendocino County. It is a thriving and prosperous city, 
of 1,850 inhabitants (1900), with many fine buildings, 
banks, and places of commercial followings. " Palace" 
and "Grand" are the leading hotels. A great number 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. ^ 5*-) 

of the " Digger" Indians live in this neighborhood, and 
can be seen working in the hop helds. Many are pros- 
perous farmers themselves, and all are self-supporting. 
There are a number of interesting points about here; the 
Fish Hatchery, owned by the railroad, in Gibson Canon, 
one mile; Vichy Springs, three miles distant, where a 
champagne bath can be enjoyed; the Insane Asylum, 
three miles; and by stage to Saratoga and Orr's Hot 
Springs, Blue, Upper, and Laurel Dell Lakes, and many 
other famous resorts. 

WILL ITS twenty-five miles beyond, is the present 
terminus of the line, and in the midst of the 
famous redwood district, for which Mendocino County 
is celebrated. Beyond are the Hoopa Valley and 
Round Valley Indian Reservations. 

After leaving Ignacio going towards Sonoma, you 
pass through a famous duck-hunting country. Crossing 
the mouth of Petaluma Creek, 

RECLAMATION '^ reached. Here are the sugar- 
beet properties, and more hunting 
is to be enjoyed. 

SCHELLVILLE ^s soon reached, and we are now in 
the rich valley of Sonoma, as is 
evidenced by the orchards and vineyards. 

SONOMA VALLEY ^^^^^<^ famous for its fertility of 

soil, equable climate, mineral 
springs and health resorts. Drought is unknown. 
"Sonoma" was the famous chief of the Chocuyen 
Indians, and means "Valley of the Moon." 

SONOMA ^^'^ ^^ ^" historic old town, there being 

several relics of the old pioneer days to be 

seen yet. The old adobe government and mission 

buildings are still standing, although somewhat dilapi- 



l6o SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

dated. It was first settled by whites on July 4, 1823, 
when Father Altimira founded a mission about where the 
Catholic Church now stands. The Pueblo (town site) 
was laid out by Gen. M. G. Vallejo, in 1835, the principal 
buildings surrounding a plaza, in which stands the flag 
pole, on which the " Bear Flag" was raised (see page 
114), and where a memorial tree has been planted in 
honor of the first governor of California, General Vallejo. 

GLEN ELLEN We are now at the end of the line and 
in the midst of one of the richest vine- 
yard sections in the world. Round about here are 
numerous wineries. 

This is a favorite and delightful summer camping 
country. Hunting, fishing, and driving are to be en- 
joyed. There are numerous sulphur and mineral 
springs. The Home for Feeble-minded Children is 
located here. 

The .Southern Pacific also enters the town just above 
the station. 

SACRAMENTO 

VIA Port Costa and Benicia. 

The first half of this trip from San Francisco to Port 
Costa is described under head of vStockton via Martinez, 
on pages (161). 

PORT COSTA (see also page 162). Here the train is 
taken in sections on the large ferry- 
boat "Solano," and conveyed across the Straits of 
Carquinez (Kar-kee-nez) to Benicia, on the opposite side, 
\% miles distant. This is the largest boat of its kind in 
the world, being 424 feet long and 116 feet wide, having 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. l6l 

four tracks, and is capable of holding twenty-four pas- 
senger or forty-eight freight cars. This trip across is 
made in twelve minutes. 

BENICIA '^ ^-^^ ^^^ opposite side of the straits, and 
where the train resumes its journey over- 
land. It is at the head of navigation in the upper bays, 
and in the days of the " gold excitement " threatened to 
rival Verba Buena (San Francisco) for supremacy, as 
here were established the United States military and 
naval stations and the depot of the P. M. S. S. Co. It 
has twice been the capital of the State, the seat of 
government being removed in spring of 1854. 

Manufacturing of agricultural implements and the 
building of ships are extensively carried on, as is the 
tanning of leather. United States Arsenal and Barracks 
are about one mile from town. Sacramento and San 
Joacjuin River boats always land here. A bus line, 
which meets the train, runs over to Vallejo twice a day. 

SLJISUN (tribe of Indians) is next reached. Here 
cars can be taken for Vallejo, Napa Junction, 
etc., via Napa Junction. Tolenas Springs and the " Cali- 
fornia Onyx" quarries lie in the hills about seven miles 
north. Mt. Diablo (163), on the opposite side, can be 
seen overtowering the ridge of the Coast Range. 

The cool atmosphere of the water is now left and the 
warmer interior climate met. 

ELM IRA '^ ^'^ the midst of a vast agricultural district, 
opening up into Vaca Valley. Cars are here 
taken for Vacaville, Winters, Woodland, etc., traversing 
a vast fruit and grain country. 

DAVIS ^^ next reached. Here the Portland Express 

joins the main line for '* Frisco." We now 

reach a vast tract of swamp lands, which is crossed by 

long trestles and embankments. During certain seasons, 



162 SOITVKNIK AND GUIDE 

this vast tract is overflowed, and it is as though we were 
in the midst of a vast inland sea. This is what you see 
from the dome of the Capitol. 

BRODERICK oPPOsite Sacramento, is now reached. 
The river here is spanned by a fine rail- 
road and foot-bridge (draw) 600 feet long, which, crossed, 
you are in Sacramento, the capital of the State, for a 
description of which see pages (150-153). 

STOCKTON 

VIA Martinez. 

Upon crossing on the ferry (Broad Gauge) and taking 
the train at the Mole, you immediately skirt along the 
Bay Shore of Oakland, and, while passing through the 
west end of the university town of Berkeley, a distant 
view of the Marin County shore can be seen, terminating 
at Lime Point (65) and Point Bonita (80) as well as the 
peninsula on which San Francisco is situated, with the 
Golden Gate Strait (50) passing oceanward between 
them Alcatraz Island (14), Goat Island (50), and Angel 
Island (15) are to be seen in the bay, with Mt. Tamalpais 
(74) standing out majestically against the sky line. Red 
Rock, standing, sentinel like, guarding the approach 
to the upper bays, is just off Point Richmond (170), the 
Santa Fe's terminal. 

Our train skirts along the shores of San Francisco 
and San Pablo Bays, the Straits of Carquinez, and Suisun 
Bay until Martinez is reached. On the right we have 
passed the Contra Costa spur of the Coast Range 
Mountains, on the rolling ground of the foot-hills of which 
are some of the finest grain fields and pasturage in the 
State. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 1 63 

SAN PABLO T'^^^ ^^ ^ ^^^^^ agricultural district and 
about opposite the lower end of San 
Pablo Bay. 

PINOLE Here is located the plant of the California 
Powder Works. More powder and explo- 
sives are manufactured here than at any other place in 
the world. They have a branch at Santa Cruz, where 
the smokeless powder is made. 

RODEO '^ soon reached. A ferry similar to that of 
Port Costa, Benicia, is soon to be operated 
from here to Yallejo, which, with Mare Island, is to be 
seen on the opposite shore of Carquinez Strait. 

VALLEJO JUNCTION ^^^^ passengers for Vallejo. 

Mare Island, Napa, St. Hel- 
ena, Calistoga, and Santa Rosa take the ferry-boat 
across the Carquinez Straits to South Vallejo, where cars 
are in waiting. The boat continues on up to North 
Vallejo, where another ferry is taken for Mare Island. 
This line is described elsewhere. Here are located the 
Selby Smelting and Lead Works, where $250,000 in gold 
bullion was stolen recently. 

CROCKETT ^^^^ '^ where the vast quantities of 
wheat from the San Joaquin Valley are 
stored and shipped. Since 1898 the growing of the 
sugar beet has developed to large proportions. The 
town is perched up on the hillside. 

PORT COSTA Here passengers for Benicia, Suisun, 
Sacramento, and all points north and 
east are ferried across the Straits of Carquinez on the 
Solano, the largest ferry-boat in the world. Port Costa, 
like Crockett, is a great grain-shipping port, with 
warehouses holding 135,000 tons of grain. This town 
also is perched upon a hillside. On the opposite shore 
can be seen a tower of the " Bay Counties Power Co.," 



164 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

from which cables 300 feet above water are stretched, 
carrying the electricity from the mountains to points 
about the bay. Another tower is on this side — this span 
is 4,730 feet long. 

MARTINEZ ^^^ county seat of Contra Costa County, 
with a population of 1,380 (1900), is a 
pretty little town snugly nestled at the foot-hills. Many 
vessels when out of service anchor off shore, benefiting 
by the fresh waters of the rivers. The bay shore is now 
left, a turn to right taking us into'the San Joaquin Valley. 
Trains are taken here for points in the San Ramon 
Valley. 

ANTIOCH "^^'^ ^^^ confluence of the Sacramento and 
San Joaquin Rivers, is soon reached. (See 
also page 170.) Brentwood comes next, and we are 
now entering the broad wheat and grain fields of the 
valley. Mt. Diablo looms up off to the right Coal of 
good quality is brought from the several mines in the 
range and shipped at this point. 

MOUNT DIABLO (Mount of the Devil) received its 
name in 1806, when a military 
expedition from the Presidio at San Francisco encoun- 
tered and engaged an Indian tribe, called the "Bolgo- 
nea," at the western base of the mount. A hot engage- 
ment followed, when an unknown personage bedecked 
in plumage suddenly appeared. The victory was com- 
plete for the Indians. The spirit (Pay) was afterwards 
learned to make daily descents from the mount. The 
tribe was finally subdued in a second campaign that year 
under Lieut. Gabriel Morega. There is a hotel about 
two miles from the summit. Coal of a good quality is 
found in large quantities throughout the many spurs and 
valleys surrounding Mt. Diablo. Owing to its promi- 
nence, the mountain is used as a basis of govern- 
ment surveys covering nearly half the State. Its highest 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 165 

peak is 3,848 feet high, while the north peak is only 3,565 
feet. The view from the summit is indescribable. 

BYRON -^bout two and one-half miles from the sta- 
tion are located the celebrated Byron Hot 
Springs, consisting of hot salt, sulphur, and mud baths, 
curing rheumatism, dyspepsia, Bright's disease, etc., etc. 
The baths are open the year round, those of the mud 
being extremely beneficial. Another view of Mt. Diablo 
can now be had, both peaks being visible. Tracy is 
next reached (145), then Lathrop, and on to Stock- 
ton, as is described elsewhere (146). 

=^ J' 

VALLEJO AND CALISTOGA 

VIA Vallejo Junction, 

wA, , c; JO Upon taking the ferry-boat at the junc- 
tion, Carquinez Straits are crossed and 
the mouth of Napa River entered, passing the south end of 
Mare Island, viewing the powder magazines. The train 
for Napa Valley is taken at the landing (south Vallejo), 
but if you desire to visit the Navy Yard or Vallejo, 
remain on the boat as it proceeds on up to Vallejo. 
Here another ferry is taken for the yard. 

Vallejo is a picturesque city of 7,965 inhabitants (1900), 
situated on a series of small hills on the left side of the 
mouth of Napa River, and opposite the U. S. Navy Yard 
at Mare Island, on which many of its citizens are em- 
ployed. There are numerous pretty little homes to be 
seen here, and considerable business enterprise. White 
Sulphur Springs are located about three miles out. 
Vallejo is named after Gen. M. G. Vallejo, who figured 
so prominently with the early history of the State. The 
State Capitol was located here on Jan. 5, 1852, moved to 



l66 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Sacramento, returned to Vallejo, thence removed to 
Benicia, Feb. ii, 1853, ^^^ again transferred to Sacra- 
mento, where it has been ever since. 

MARE ISLAND is located on Mare Island, opposite 
NAVY YARD Vallejo, at the mouth of Napa River. 

It has excellent harbor facilities, with a deep and wide 
channel of fresh water, which destroys the teredo and 
barnacle. It was established here in 1854, having been 
bought by the government in 1853 for $83,000. 

Here are located the machine, repair, and over- 
hauling shops of the Navy Department, as well as a fine 
large stone dry dock, and another larger one building. 
At the extreme south end of the island are located the 
powder magazines. The officers' quarters occupy a se- 
cluded and shaded park back from the landing, past the 
Naval Curiosity Park. Along the concrete bulkhead, 
at most any time, can be seen half a dozen or so war 
ships undergoing repairs, etc, 

A visitors' permit has to be obtained upon landmg, of 
the sentry on duty; otherwise you will not be allowed 
the freedom of the island. Fare, 20 cents round trip. 
Numerous trips are made on all work days and three on 
Sundays. 

NAPA JUNCTION Here branches diverge one to the 

right for Sacramento via Suisun, 
and one to the left for Santa Rosa, traversing the Sonoma 
Valley and paralleling the California Northwestern line 
as far as Glen Ellen. At this point the fertility and 
productiveness of Napa Valley can be seen. 

NAPA VALLEY like the adjoining valley of Sonoma, 
is one of the most productive for its 
size in the State, being forty miles long and averaging 
from two to five miles wide. Napa River, extending its 
entire length, is navigable to Napa City, a distance of 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 167 

seventeen and a half miles, and rises five feet with each 
tide at this place. Grapes are raised in great abundance 
on the foot-hills, and through the valleys fruits of all 
kinds, no irrigation being needed. Previous to the 
settlement of the whites, it was a stock-raising country, 
hides and tallow being the chief article of trade. The 
climate throughout is exceptionally healthy and equita- 
ble. There are a great number of health and pleasure 
resorts all over the valley. 

NAPA ^^^^ county seat, is at the head of navigation on 
Napa River, forty-seven miles from San Fran- 
cisco and forty-six miles by rail, with a population of 
4,036 (1900). It was settled as early as 1848, evidence 
being seen between Third and Brown street and the 
river. Many manufacturing industries are located here, 
being aided by rail and water facilities. Has fine edu- 
cational institutions, three newspapers, and three banks. 
The business blocks and section present a healthy con- 
dition. A new library building, presented by Mr. Good- 
man, has just been completed. The principal hotels are 
the "Palace" and "Napa." 

State Insane Asylum is located about one mile 
south. It was established in 1872, at a cost of $1,500, 000. 

Napa Soda Springs, a favorite summer resort, 
is seven miles out of the city, snugly nestled in the 
Coast Range overlooking the valley. It is open 
the year round. Its waters are world renowned, large 
quantities being bottled and shipped annually. Convey- 
ances for these places can be had at the Palace Stables, 
near the depot; F. S. Parker, proprietor. 

A trip by water by steamer " Zinfandel " affords a 
pleasant sail up San Francisco and San Pablo Bays, and 
on up Napa River, passing Vallejo and Navy Yard. 
Time, four hours; distance, 47 miles; fare, $1.00, in- 
cluding berth. Take boat Pier No. 3. 



1 68 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

YOUNTVILLE ^^ next reached. Here are located the 
several buildings of the National 
Soldiers' Home. The town was named after Geo. C. 
Yount, a trapper, who came to California via Ft. Yuma, 
in 1827. He was the first white settler in the valley 
(February, 1831). Here are to be seen orchards and 
vineyards reaching clear across the valley, producing 
rich and luxuriant fruits and grapes, such as only can be 
found in this valley. 

c-p HELENA a pretty little town of 1,582 inhabitants 
(1900), is the center of a vineyard sec- 
tion of the valley. Very extensive wineries are located 
all about. It is a place of beautiful homes and summer 
resorts. The principal hotels are "Windsor" and 
"Grand." There are many charming and picturesque 
drives out of St. Helena, up and down the floor of the 
valley; to the sanitarium; the caves beyond; and on up 
Howell Mountain, and through many of the numerous 
vineyards. Stages are taken for Howell Mountain, 
Aetna Springs, and the St. Helena Sanitarium. 

[There are over two hundred varieties of grapes grown in this 
State, and it has been said, " California has been pictured as the vine- 
yard of the world." It is but to travel through these valleys of Napa 
and Sonoma to verify this statement. The grape is not grown here 
as in other parts of the world, it being pruned down to about three 
feet, and is in itself its own support, great clusters of the wine 
producer growing in quantities, fairly burdening the vine. California 
produces more than sixty per cent of all the wanes produced in the 
United States.] 

MOUNT ST. HELENA We are now approaching the 

head of the valley, with the 
grand old mountain directly ahead, standing sentinel like 
over the valley and mountain ranges. It rises 4,343 feet, 
and is supposed to be an extinct volcano. There are in 
reality three peaks, the most northern being the highest. 
A good trail leads to the top, and, though it is a fatiguing 
trip, it is well worth the exertion. A grand view of the 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 1 69 

Sacramento Valley and the high Sierras is to be seen to 
the east, San Francisco Bay and intervening country to 
the south, while to the north lies Clear Lake, and to the 
west, beyond the Coast Range, is the boundless Pacific. 
Calistoga is about ten miles from the summit, and only 
five from the base. The old Silverado mine is located on 
the southeast slope (see R. L. Stevenson's "Silverado 
Squatters"). 

CALISTOGA ^^ ^^^^ *^^^*^ °^ ^^^ valley, is the ter- 
minus of the railroad. It was founded 
in 1859 by Samuel Brannan, an early Mormon settler. 
Upon crossing over the southeast slope of Mount St. 
Helena, Lake County is entered, a region famous for its 
many summer resorts and mineral springs. " Hotel 
Calistoga" is the leading hotel. 

Stages for Middletown, Harbin, Anderson, Howard 
and Siegler Springs, Lower Lake, Glenbrook, Kelsey- 
ville, Lakeport, and Adams Springs. 
p___.p.__ FOREST ^bout five and a half miles 

from Calistoga, I'ia county 
road, towards Santa Rosa, is located a forest of petrified 
trees, partially uncovered, of the lava supposed to have 
been erupted by Mount St. Helena. The trees all lie 
with their tops from the mount, and in most instances lie 
in pairs, side by side, some redwood, and other pairs of 
sugar pine and redwood. There are many interesting 
features to be seen, — the "Father of the Forest," which 
measures fifteen feet in diameter, and the "Mother of 
the Forest." At the "chip pile" specimens of about a 
dozen different petrified trees can be seen, while at the 
"wood pile " are large blocks and logs. The impression 
of Goliath's last footprint is to be seen in this forest. 
The forest covers about 300 acres. The drive up to the 
forest and over the divide is one of ever-changing 
scenery. It can also be reached from Santa Rosa. 
Entrance to forest, 50 cents. 



lyo SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

STOCKTON 

VIA THE Santa Fe. 

This affords one a pleasurable seven-mile sail of forty 
minutes up the bay to Point Richmond, where the train 
is taken, which in turn conveys you through a rich 
farming district, situated throughout in a hilly and pic- 
turesque section. Upon emerging from the fifth tunnel 
you at once strike the head of the famous San Joaquin 
Valley, and upon following the river of the same name 
you enter the Reclamation Lands, where hundreds of 
thousands of acres of land have been converted from 
their swampy condition into rich and profitable farms, 
where hay, grain, and vegetable products are produced 
in vast quantities. Stockton is entered from the west, 
the depot being on the south side of the city. This is 
the shortest and quickest route from San Francisco, 
being only seventy-eight miles, and covered in two and 
three-fourths hours. Fare, first class, $2.50, and second 
class, $1.50. 

After leaving the line of the Sea-Wall (91), with its 
forests of masts, and passing through a labyrinth of ship- 
ping, the Golden Gate (50), in the far distance, is caught 
a glimpse of; Alcatraz Island (14) is soon passed, while 
off to the right is Goat Island (50), and the distant shores 
of Oakland (117) and Berkeley (123); the shore line follows 
on up to Point Richmond, our landing. You are now 
passing Angel Island (15) and Raccoon Straits (86). 
Distant views of Belvedere (153) and Sausalito (172) are to 
be had through the Straits. Red Rock and the approach 
to San Pablo Bay lie directly ahead, while off' to the left, 
looming up in all its majestic form, is old Mt. Tamalpais 

(74)- 

POINT RICHMOND ^^ "^^ reached. Here is the 

western terminus of the Santa 
Fe System. Excellent fishing is to be had off" the bluffs 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. I7I 

and wharves. The Standard Oil Company is about to 
erect here the third largest oil refining plant in the 
United States. Fare, 45 cents; time, 40 minutes; dis- 
tance, 7 miles. 

After leaving the Point and emerging from the tunnel, 
the town of Richmond is reached. It is a busy and 
growing settlement on tiie east side of the Point, while 
just beyond are the 

EAST YARDS ^"other newly-made town. Here 
are located the shops and freight 
yards of the railroad. 

SAN PABLO ^ quaint old Spanish-Mexican settle- 
ment (163), and Pinole (163) are soon 
passed, as is also Luzon, and we find ourselves in a rich 
farming district situated throughout the hilly lands. 

FERNANDEZ -^^^^ passing this point the Franklin 
Tunnel, 5,600 feet long, is entered. 

MUIR Upon emerging from the fifth and last tunnel, 
this point is reached, and the town of Martinez 
(164), one mile distant, can be seen. We are now cross- 
ing the richly cultivated Alhambra Valley, known the 
world over for its excellent fruits and grapes. 

BAY POINT ^^^^^ leaving the hills the broad valley 
lands at the head of the San Joaquin 
Valley are entered. Mt. Diablo (164) has in the mean- 
time come into view off to the right. The tracks of the 
Southern Pacific are paralleled here for a considerable 
distance, as is also the San Joaquin River. The Sacra- 
mento River enters Suisun Bay at the wooded point 
about opposite where the Southern Pacific tracks are 
crossed. 

ANTIOCH This quaint old town played an important 

part during the gold excitement in the 

early days. It is situated on the bank of the San Joaquin 



172 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

River near its confluence with the Sacramento, and is a 
large coal (from Mt. Diablo coal fields) and grain ship- 
ping point. Launches connect with Rio Vista and 
CoUinsville on the Sacramento River. Fare, 75 cents; 
round trip, |i.oo. (See also page 163.) 

KNIGHTSEN ^^ ^^^ now entering the famous " tule 
or swamp lands," where hundreds of 
thousands of acres have been converted into rich and 
profitable farming lands. Fabulous crops of wheat, 
grain, etc., etc., as well as potatoes and other garden 
truck, are marketed from these reclaimed lands. Old 
and Middle Rivers are soon crossed, and the thriving 
manufacturing city of Stockton reached (for description 
of which see page 169). 

NORTH SHORE RAILROAD. 

This line affords one a splendid opportunity of not 
only a delightful sail across the bay (see below) but 
makes connection with the mountain-climbing road up 
Mt. Tamalpais' rugged and forest-covered slopes; takes 
one through a delightfully suburban and camping sec- 
tion, and on up through the richest dairying section in 
the State, to the center of the magnificent and stately 
grove of redwoods at the Russian River, while just 
beyond is Cazadero, the present end of the road. 
Distance, 86^ miles from San Francisco; time, 5^4 
hours; fare, I2.50. 

The company is shortly to convert that section, 
between Sausalito and San Rafael, into a Broad Gauge 
electric system, leaving all north of that point as it is for 
the present. 

SAUSALITO (small elder grove). Across the bay on 

the Marin County shore, built on a gentle 

slope of wooded foot-hills, is the beautiful town of Sausa- 



TO CKNIKAl. CALIFORNIA. 173 

Hto, with its population of 1,628 (1900). Upon taking one 
of the beautifully-appointed ferry-boats of the North 
Shore Railroad Company at the Union Depot, foot of 
Market street, you obtain an ever-pleasant trip across 
the bay. Passing along the City Front (34), Alcatraz 
Island (14), crossing the channel, past the Golden Gate 
(50), and leaving Angel Island (15), Raccoon Straits (86), 
Tiburon (152) and Belvedere (152) to the right, we reach 
Sausalito, with Richardson's Bay (87) to the north, be- 
yond which is Mt. Tamalpais (74)- Numerous vessels 
and yachts are always at anchor in the offing. Lime 
Point (65) and Fort Baker can be reached by following 
the road to the left around the bay, and Point Bonita 
(80), distant about five miles, by the road directly up and 
back of the town. 

Sausalito was first settled by Wm. A. Richardson, an 

Englishman, in 1822. 

Fare, 25 cents, round trip; distance, 6 miles; time, 30 

minutes. 

wAi I PY This charming and picturesquely- 
MILL VALLtY ^.^^^^^^^ ^p^^^ g^ygly nestled at the 

base of Mt. Tamalpais, is a favorite summer camping 
ground, and the home of many of the city's merchants. 
Wild flowers, and ferns in endless variety, are found in 
great profusion. Many beautiful roads and trails enable 
one to wander off and enjoy the quiet of virgin forests 
and recesses. There are many stately groves of red- 
woods here in this valley. 

Here the train is taken for the top of Mt. Tamalpais 
(74). Do not let this opportunity pass, as it is the most 
pleasant and awe-inspiring mountain trip in America. 

LARKSPUR AND are two pretty little spots at the 
TAMALPAIS eastern base of Mt. Tamalpais, and 

ideal camping grounds, being easy of access and only a 
few minutes' ride from the bustle of the metropolis. 



174 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

ROSS VALLEY ^^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ seen some of the 
prettiest of suburban homes, and, like 
Mill Valley, being similarly situated, only on the north- 
ern flank of Tamalpais, is charmingly and picturesquely 
located. Roads lead to the summit of Tamalpais, eight 
miles; on past Lake Lagunitas to Bolinas Ridge, eight 
miles; and on down to bay of the same name, at foot of 
the ridge. Either of these trips makes nice cross-country 
jaunts. 

SAN ANSELMO ^^^^ ^^^ located the several build- 
ings of the Presbyterian Theological 
Seminary on a knoll off to the left. Here the main line 
is left and a sudden turn to the left is taken for San 
Rafael and San Quentin. 

SAN RAFAEL (^55) ^^ "°^ reached, and a ride 
to the end of the road (lo minutes) 
brings you to 

SAN OUENTIN Here are located the buildings of the 
State Prison, on Point San Quentin, 
in the upper San Francisco Bay. Here are quartered 
the State's temporary and permanent guests, carefully 
housed behind brick walls. 

SACRAMENTO BY BOAT. 

Take steamer from pier south of Ferry Depot every day at i p. m., 
except Sunday. Fare, $1.50. Meals and berth, 50 cents each. Dis- 
tance, 125 miles. Time, about 12 hours. 

The first half of this trip is described on page 175, Vallejo by Boat. 
The Straits of Carquinez are soon passed through,' and Suisun Bay 
entered, wherein are emptied the muddy waters of the San Joaquin 
and Sacramento Rivers, the last named of which we follow in its circuit- 
ous course until the State capital is reached, 6o^ miles from its mouth. 

This section of the State, the delta of the Sacramento and San 
Joaquin Rivers, is as rich as any in the world, and comprises a series 
of reclaimed islands, on which vast crops of alfalfa, garden truck, 



T(J CENTRAL CAl.l I'( )kN I A . T75 

cereals, and fruits of all kinds are produced. During the season the 
banks of this river are literally packed with fruits and produce. 
Sherman Island (16,000 acres), which we first pass on the right, and 
Grand Island (17,000 acres), further up on the opposite side, are under 
a high state of cultivation. Vast sums of money are spent annually for 
the preservation of the levees, which often break and cause a complete 
inundation. At the time of the gold discovery this river was navi- 
gable to deep-sea-going vessels as far up as Sacramento, but, owing to 
the debris from the mines, it has greatly shallowed. 

This trip, while tedious, is delightful on a moonlight night. On 
the return, Sacramento is left at 10 a. m., thereby enabling you to see 
the river by daylight. 

STOCKTON BY BOAT* 

Take steamer from Piers Nos. i and 3 daily (except Sunday), 6 P. m. 
Fare, 50 cents each way. Meals and berth, 50 cents each. Distance, 
92 miles. Time, about 12 hours. 

The first half of this trip is described below, under Vallejo by Boat. 

After passing through the Straits of Carquinez and Suisun Bay, the 
narrow mouth of the San Joaquin River is entered at Black Diamond, 
and Antioch (164) soon reached. The tracks 01 the Santa Fe follow 
the banks. The river has now widened, and you are now in one of the 
richest delta lands in the world. These islands, or reclaimed lands, 
are all under a high state of cultivation, and produce fabulous crops of 
wheat, grain, and garden truck. It is a very pretty sight to watch the 
burning "tules" on a moonlight night as the boat winds its way in 
and out on its way to Stockton, which is 38 miles from where the river 
enters Suisun Bay. 

VALLEJO BY BOAT. 

Take steamers General Frisbie or Mo?iticello, from Pier No. 2, just 
south of Union Ferry Depot. 

Immediately upon leaving the dock the several slips of the Union 
Ferry Depot (45) are passed, and a labyrinth of shipping dodged 
through. The City Front (34) and Sea-Wall (91), with Telegraph Hill 
(96) looming up in the background, are passed and the hilly nature of 
San Francisco is seen outlined against the western sky. Ft. Mason 
(47), Presidio (84), Ft. Scott (48), Golden Gate (50), Lime Point (65), 
and Pt. Bonita (80), are passed in quick succession with the incoming 



176 SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

shipping in the clearway. Blossom Rock buoy (40) and Alcatraz 
Island (14) are now passed, and Sausalito (171) and Mt. Tamalpais (74), 
with its mountain-climbing railroad, form a picturesque background. 
Angel Island (15), with its government camp of detention and the 
Quarantine Station (86), on Raccoon Straits (86), come next. Ofttimes 
the muddy waters of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers are 
encountered as far down as this. Point Richmond (169), the Santa Fe's 
terminal, is now off to our right, and San Quentin (173) and San Rafael 
(154) are off to the left in the distance. Red Rock, standing sentinel- 
like to the upper bays, is now passed, and San Pablo Bay soon entered, 
passing to the right of the Two Brothers Islands. Two other islands. 
The Sisters, are seen just beyond, while upon looking back the Marin 
Islands are discernable. We are now well into San Pablo Bay, and 
upon rounding Point Pinole, the powder works plant is to be seen (162). 
On the opposite side of the bay is the mouth of Petaluma River (155). 
Rodeo (162) with its oil-refining plant and huge tanks, is next on the 
right, and Selby (162), with its smelting works, next. This brings us 
opposite the mouth of Napa River, up which we now sail, passing the 
Navy Yard (165) on the left and landing at Vallejo (164), where a ferry- 
boat conveys us to Mare Island. 

If the morning trip (9:45) is taken from the city, the afternoon can 
be spent advantageously here and in Vallejo and the 6 p. m. boat 
returned on. Two round trips are made on week days, leaving at 9:45 
A. M. and 3:15 p. M. Fare, round trip, $1.00. Distance, 60 miles. 
Time, 2 hours each way. Meals are served on board. 

On Sunday but one round trip is made, leaving 9:45 A. m., and 
leaving for return at 4:15 p. m. Fare, 75 cents round trip. This is 
one of the most delightful and ever-pleasing sails on the bay and 
should not be missed. 

*' WISHBONE TRIP/* 

This affords one a delightful day's outing, traversing the fertile 
lands on both sides of San Francisco Bay and the beautiful orchard 
and garden spot of California, — the Santa Clara Valley (127). 

San Francisco is left at 8:30 a. m., by ferry to Oakland. Hay wards 
(144) and Niles (144) are passed en route to San Jose {128), where a 
stop of two hours is made and a drive in the valley enjoyed. The 
train is again taken and proceeds to Los Gatos (138), where another 
stop is made and a sumptuous repast enjoyed at Hotel Lyndon. 
Leaving here at 3 o'clock, San Jose is passed, en route to Palo Alto 
(126), where a stop of two hours is made, enabling you to see the 
Leland Stanford Jr. University. San Francisco is reached at 7:30 p. m 



TO CENTKAI. CALIFORNIA. 177 

rime, seven liours; distaiue, 115 miles; fare, I3.75, iiuIiuMiij^ bus 
ride, meal, ami Ims at Palo Alto. Trip is made every Tuesday and 
Saturday during the season. 

'*ALL DAY FOR A DOLLAR'* EXCURSION. 

This one day side trip affords an excellent opportunity for seeing 
the "cross bay country," taking in Oakland (117), Berkeley (122), 
Alameda (121), San Leandro (121), and Haywards (144). 

Take 9 A. m. creek route boat (119) to Oakland. Oakland passengers 
take the electric car foot of Broadway 9:40 a. m., thence through 
Oakland to Berkeley, where twenty minutes are allowed for visiting 
the building and grounds of the University of California. Piedmont 
Heights and Park are next visited and return made to Oakland where 
a sumptuous meal is provided at the Hotel Metropole. At 1:30 p. m. 
the car (electric) is taken for Haywards, passing through a picturesque 
suburban district. Return is now made, reaching Broadway at 
5 p. M. and San Francisco via train and ferry fifty minutes later. 

This trip is operated by the Oakland Board of Trade, a representa- 
tive being on each car, and leaves twice a week, Monday and Friday. 

Fare Ji.oo, including meal. Tickets for sale at S. P. ticket office, 
613 Market Street, or at Ferry. 

SIDE TRIP EXCURSIONS* 

In making up any of the short excursions out of San Francisco, it 
would be well to consult the ticket agent of the selected line, relative 
to time-tables, etc., as the schedules vary according to the different 
seasons of the year, therefore a simple outline will be attempted. 

Generally speaking, an early morning train can be taken out of the 
city, and stops permitted along the line. A later afternoon train is 
then taken and trip continued. 

Trip No. i. — Palo Alto, San Jose, Mt. Hamilton, Monterey, and 
Pacific Grove, returning via Santa Cruz, Big Trees, and San Jose. 
This trip can be made in about four days, but can be extended so as 
to occupy a whole week advantageously. Train, Third and Townsend 
Streets, Coast Division. 

Trip No. 2.— San Jose, Big Trees, and Santa Cruz, returning via 
Broad Gauge, through Gilroy. Upon stopping off at Big Trees, a later 



17^ SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

afternoon train can be taken for Santa Cruz, or by special arrange- 
ment, a conveyance can be secured (see page 143), and a delightful 
mountain drive enjoyed. Union Depot, Narrow Gauge boat. 

Trip No. 3.— San Jose via Newark, via Narrow Gauge route, re- 
turning z/^a Broad Gauge, past Palo Alto, etc. Union Depot, Narrow 
Gauge boat. 

Trip No. 4.— San Jose via Niles,z/m Broad Gauge, returning as on 
Trip No. 3. Union Depot, Broad Gauge boat. 

Trip No. 5. — San Jose by steamer z/za Alviso, returning same way 
or by rail. Steamer from Bulkhead between Jackson and Washington 
Streets. 

Trip No. 6. — Stockton via Niles, Livermore, and Lathrop, return- 
ing via Martinez, etc. Union Depot, Narrow Gauge boat. 

Trip No. 7. — Stockton via Martinez, Byron, and Lathrop, return- 
ing via Niles, etc. Union Depot, Broad Gauge. 

Trip No. 8.— Stockton via Point Richmond (the Santa Fe route), 
returning same way or by Sacramento, Martinez, or Niles. Union 
Depot, Santa Fe ferry-boat. 

Trip No. 9.— Stockton by steamer, returning by boat, or as Trip 8. 
Take boat at Pier No. i or 3. 

Trip No. 10. — Sacramento via Port Costa and Benicia, returning 
same way, or via Stockton. Union Depot, Broad Gauge boat. 

Trip No. ii. — Sacramento via Martinez and Stockton, returning 
as in Trip No. 10. Union Depot, Broad Gauge boat. 

Trip No. 12. — Sacramento via Niles and Stockton, returning as in 
Trip 10. Union Depot, Narrow Gauge boat. 

Trip No. 13. — Sacramento via steamer, returning same way or by 
rail. Steamer from wharf, south of Union Depot. 

Trip No. 14.— Mare Island and Vallejo, via Vallejo Junction, 
returning by water, as in Trip No. 15. Union Depot, Broad Gauge. 

Trip No. 15.— Mare Island and Vallejo by steamer, returning by 
rail via Vallejo Junction, as in Trip No. 14. Steamer Monticello and 
General Frisbie, Pier No. 2. Steamer Herald from wharf south of 
Union Depot. Steamer Sunol, Pier No. 3. 

Trip No. 16. — Napa, St. Helena, or Calistoga via Vallejo Junction, 
returning same way. Union Depot, Broad Gauge boat. 

Trip No. 17. — Napa by steamer past Vallejo and Mare Island, 
returning same way, or by rail. Steamer from Pier No. 3. 



TO CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. 179 

Trip No. iS.— San Rafael via Tibuion. returning via Sausalito. 
Union Depot, C. N. W. Ry. ferry-boat. 

Trip No. 19.— San Rafael via Sausalito, returning via Til)uron. 
Union Depot, North Shore ferry-boat. 

Trip No. 20.— Sonoma and Glen Ellen via Tiburon and Ignacio, 
returning via Napa and Vallejo Junction. Union Depot, C. X. W. Ry. 
ferry-boat. 

Trip No. 21.— Glen Ellen and Santa Rosa via Vallejo and Napa 
Junction, returning via Petaluma and Tiburon. Union Depot, Broad 
Gauge boat. 

Trip No. 22.— Santa Rosa via Tiburon and Petaluma, returning 
as in Trip No 21. Union Depot, C. N. W. Ry. ferry-boat. 

Trip No. 23.— Petaluma via Tiburon, returning via steamer, as in 
Trip No. 24. 

Trip No. 24.— Petaluma via steamer, returning via Tiburon. 
Steamer from Bulkhead and Washington Street wharf. 

Trip No. 25.— Guerneville (Redwoods) via Tiburon and Fulton. 
Union Depot, C. N. W. Ry. ferry 1 oat. 

Trip No. 26.— The Geysers via Tiburon and Cloverdale. Union 
Depot, C. N. W. Ry. ferry-boat. 

Trip No. 27.— Lake County springs and summer resorts via 
Tiburon, with stage connections at Hopland and Ukiah. 

Trip No. 28.— Ukiah and Willets via Tiburon. Union Depot, 
C. N. W. Ry. ferry-boat. 

Trip No. 29. — Duncan's Mills, Cazadero, and all points of N. S. 
Ry. via Sausalito. Union Depot, N. S. Ry, ferry-boat. 

Trip No. 30.— Oakland via ferry-boat from Union Depot, either by 
Broad or Narrow Gauge boats, or via Creek Route 

Trip No. 31.— Alameda via ferry-boat from Union Depot, either 
Broad or Narrow Gauge boats. 

Trip No. 32. — Berkeley via ferry-boat from Union Depot, or by 
electric cars from Cakland. 

Trip No. 53. — Tiburon via ferry-boat from Union Depot, C. N. W. 
Ry. 

Trip No. 34. — Sausalito via ferry-boat from Union Depot, N. S. 
Ry. Co. 



l8o SOUVENIR AND GUIDE 

Trip No. 35. — Mt. Tamalpais via Sausalito and Mill Valley. 
Union Depot, N. S. Ry. Co. ferry-boat. 

Trip No. 36.— Petrified Forest via Vallejo Junction and Calistoga. 
Union Depot, Broad Gauge boat. 

Trip No. 37. — Around the bay, islands, and military points per 
steamer McDowell; leaves pier No. i, Clay Street wharf. (See 
page 13.) 

Trip No. 38. — " Wishbone " trip (see page 175). 

Trip No. 39. — "All Day for a Dollar " excursion (see page 176 



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.n991§ IgI .193 ,.83a 193 

.■Ao&\d liy^ .193 .BirnoltlcO .8 601 ,xilB8 
.n99ia 12 .193 ,l9nnx?dO .a ^58 .rl^EdlrS 
3ild 189 .193 .obBio^ . 



n 



rOodwa 


er Gr 


ove. N. 


Calirornl 




us of c 


ar line. 






Hot 




Baths. S 


Joaqu 




;ermlnu 


1 ot oar 


tel. U 








osemll 


: Thea 


er. San 




Main. 


'.el. lli^ 


black 






BAN'KS. 





HOLDEN'S ETHEREAL COUGH SYRUP, PLEASANT TO TAKE, QUICK TO CURE 2Sc '^n. *i 

MAP OF THE CITY OF STOCKTON, CALIFORNIA. 



00. 



Pacific Hospital cor 
°-ith streets., tel. 351 j 
Hospital. Callfornlf 



Center an4 
near Park 



Farmers and Merchants. 244 E. Main, 

;el. 302 main. 
First National, 18 N. San Joaquin. 



O. H. uK 
C. A. Jos; 
PostOflice News Sta 

near Kl Dorado. 
J. J. Quinn. 123 Alain 
E. B. Stowe, 416 E. Muln, tel. 1301 blk. 

CHURCHES 
Central Methodist. Miner ave.. cor San 



Copytlght March i8 






Jory 
ar Sutter st. 
et Method: 
Clay, 



English Lutheran, c 

Stanislaus si. 
Kbenez^r Methodist, 222 S. Commerc 
Epworih Chupel. t- air i^a^a 
First Jiaptlst. Hunter, cor. Lindsay i 
First Spiritual Society, 640 E. Mam. 
Miner j 



Firs'. Presbyterian, San Joaquin, i 

AiKfket su, tel ^1 blue. 
First Cumberland Presbyterian, 
and Pilgrln 



ngehcal Lutheran, Chan- 
German Methodist, cor. Lindsay and 

Grace Methodist, Weber 

California st. 
Independent. y21 S. San Joaquin. 
Jewish Synagogue. Hunli 

Fremont. 
Alormon. Sutter st.. near Jackson. 
Peniel Mission. Center st.. near Main. 
Second Baptist, 12S W. WashingK 
St. Mary's Roma: ~ ■ - - 

Ington and Hunt< 
Salvation Army. Hunter, near Market. 
Third Baptist. Fair Oaks. 
Theosophlsts. Masonic Temple. 
Volunteers of Amerlc " ' 
near Sutter. 

COUNTY INSTITUTIONS. 
Court House, Main and Hunter sta. 
County Jail. San Joaquin ana Chan- 
nel sts.. tel. 44—3 main. 
County Hospital. French Camp. 

CYCLERIES. 
Arena, 43 S. Sutter st.. tel. 1361 black. 
Clifford's Columbia. 246 N. SaJi J 

quln, tel. 1361 black. 
City, 144 S. California St.. tel. 925 red, 
Harris. 34 S. California st. 
Jackson & Earle. cor. Main and Su; 

ter sts.. tel. 151 green. 
Sallx. 1U9 S. California. 
Salbach. 322 E. Channel, tel. Dl green, 
W iliilil s. V.'X, N. El Dorado, tel. 6S1 blk 
Stockton Cycle and Arms Co., Mail 

Building, tel. white 96. 
Orient Cyclery, Market and Hunter 
tel.. white 772. 

DEPOTS. 

I Joaquin. Hun 



tel. 205 main. 

Southern Pacific, Sacramento and 
Weber, 'tel. 23 main. 

ENGINE HOUSES. No. i. 

"Eureka." Hunter st.. bet. Main and w hite M aj 

Market. 
"San 
"Weber." Channel 

EXPRESS OFPICES. 
People's Express Co., cor. El Dorado Clear 



FIRE ALARM NUMBERS. 

2 Corner Park and Stanislaus • 

3 Corner Channel and El Dorado 

4 Corner Hazleton Ave. and Center • 

5 Corner JIain and Oalifornia. 

b Corner Taylor and San Joaquin ' 
^ Cort^r \* eber Avenue and Sutter 
8 Comer Sonora and Smter.* 
» corner Market and San Joaquin 
I- Corner Market and Sacramento.' 
,, Corner Was;hing:ton and Grant. 

14 Corner Weber Avenue and Grant.' 
xj Isomer Weber Ave. and American. 
10 L orner Weber Avenue and Madison. 
u Lonier Weber Avenue and Hunter. 

15 Corner Oak and Kl Dorado.' 
V> Corner Poplar and El Dorado. 
.1 Corner Lindsay and California.' 
l. C°"'«'' Main and Hunter. 

24 CornerMaln and Sutter.' 

„5 corner Weber Ave. and Edison.' 

^6 Union Warehouse.' 

27 Corner Main an. 



I Comer Washington and Monroe. 
29 Corner Washington and Lincoln. 
il Corner Lindsay and El Dorado. 
i: J;"''"'"" Poplar and Madison.' 
34 Corner Park and Harris 
36 Corner Vine and Bl Dorado. 
3b Corner Magnolia and Commerce. 
j[ Corner Oak and Harrison.' 
oS Corner Poplar and riji^on 
39 Corner Magnolia and El Dorado ' 

41 Corner Market and El Dorado. 

42 Corner Market and Canter. 

43 Corner Washington and Hunter. 
4S Corner Lafayette and Center, 
jb i,orner Sonora and Comr 
47 Corner Jefferson and Center. 
aI .?'■"?'" ^°""> and Center. 
49 At the Stockton Woolen Mills 
-i >;<"'"<''' Market and American. 
M Corner Main and Stanisl 

53 Corner Main and Ophlr. 

54 Corner Main and East. 
j.6 Corner Sonora and Ophlr 
ro I;"''"'^'" Hazelton Ave. an 
ro X'"''""' Hazelton Avenue and East. 
f Corner South and Pilgrim. 

61 Corner Washington and California. 
., S°™?'' Church and California. 

63 Cor. Hazelton Ave. and San Joaqui: 

64 Corner Sonora and Hunter 

65 Corner Jackson and San Joaquin.' 
67 Corner Jefferson and Stanislaus.' 
71 Corner Channel and California. 

.2 Corner Lindsay and San Joaquin 

73 Corner Poplar and Sutter.' 

74 Corner Park and Sutter. 

75 Corner Magnolia and California, 

76 Corner Rose and Hunter. 

SI Comer Lindsay and Stanislaus 
82 Corner Miner Avenue a 

■ Oak and Grant 
• Oak and Pilgrim,' 

■ Channel and Pilgrim.' 
innel and San Joaqi 
. Female Depa 



Stat, ^ 

St. Joseph' 

Walnut, tel. Wigfcen 
HoTtiLS. 
Commercial Main 

tel. 301 green. 
Columbia. San Joaquin, 

tel. nil black. 
Eagle. 419 E. Weber 
gy:??^',;?!-, Channel and El Dorado. 
Central. Channel, cor. calf 



California. 
Channel, 



tel. 1041 black. 



fornla ^.. 

nperlal, .Main and Aurora tel 203 r 
Main and Center, te 



1212 red. 
Sherman. _ _ 
United States, 

ket. tel. 1571 
Western. 137 S. Center. 
Yosemlte. Main St.. bet. San Joaquin 



LIVERT STABLES. 
540 E. Weber ave 
Center, nr Market, tel. 119 mn. 
S32 N. Hunter, tel. 774 bk. 
"■ 29 S. San Joaquin, 



Ford 

Goldi 

Higglnboth 
tel. 321 gr 



nd Aurora. 



•„„'?L^^Hunter. tel. 1101 blk. 
i.(l9-s25 E. Market, tel, 117 mn. 

,, . tel. 134 main. 
w"°l' ^lo"-l^ F- Market, tel. 487 black. 

tel. 31 green, 
■v'^.'^l.;^*..'"^..!';- .*"**"^*='' ''^'- 3« black. 
Yosemlte. Weber ave.. nr San Joa- 
quin, tel. 431 brown. 
,^ MILr..S (I.umbcrl 

?";"»',f ^"*"' '"'"" and Commerce. 
R. K VVllson. .Vialn and Lincoln. 
"ne '^'"""« ■'^""' Sutter and Lalay- 
MILLS (Flour). 

Weber ave. and Au 

nd Commerce. 
r. Weber 



Sperry. 



Mafteson & "Wlllla 

Main and Aun 
Miller Carriage Factory. 

and Channel. 
Henderson & Son 
Salbach Carriage Factory. 

St.. near Sutter. 
C. Shaw Plow Works. El Dorado 



. cor Webi 
and Golden 
ind .Madison 

cor. Weber ave. and Madison, 
MILLS (Woolen). 
I'i;^, S'?£|<ton Woolen Mills, cor. Lln- 

NEWSPAPERa. 
°f"r' t'e"l''5rm'i'iS'' Channel and Hun- 
Daily 

7 main. 
Dally Record. 

122 main. 
Daily Repon. ._ 
Weekly Courrle 

Building. 
Buzz. 37 E. Channel. 

POSTOFFICE. 
El Dorado, cor. Channel. Masonic bldg. 

PUBLIC LIBRAR1K3. 
Hazelton and Stockton, cor. Market 



N. California, tel. 



Btockto 



Ma 



Taylor 
Stockton Glov 
Kl Dorado st! 




and East s 
Stockton Art Pottery Co.. Sacramento nq. 

with No. 5 above i 
with No. ,s above it 
wtien two flags othVrThan 

Market si " — """ Has indicntcs the wenther first t. 

Coal Briquettes 

Crown Mills. 
Pacific Tannerj 
Dorado 

Stockton Creamery. Union. 

aan Joaquin Milk and Creamery Co.. 



and Sacramento : 



umbers on 
opposite. 

KODAK SUPF LIES 

DEVELOPING, PRINTING . .' FINISHING 
CAMERAS, ETC , LAR 
TRATED CATALOGL 

MAIL ORDERS PROMPTLV 



Lindsay, te' 

. r. -— ' San Joaquin. 

Jeirer.ion. U eber ave., cor. Pilgrim. 
Lafayette, San Jooquln. cor. Market 
Llnooln. Ophlr. near Market. 

iilimig School, cor. Lindsay 



Weber. Flora, cor. Oommmerce. 

PRIVATE SCHOOLS. 
Beebe. 216 E. Weber Ave. 
and west start German. 221 N. Grant. 
Iter street. kli?de'SrVSl!'*'' -" K'- *'-"""'■• 

L.lnJ9a>. 
Parker Cullege. Masonic Temple. 
St. Agnes' Academy, cor. San Joa- 

quln nnii Taylor. 
St. JWary's Collegt, cor. San JoaQUin 



El Dorado and 



LLUS^ 
PREE. 

1 .60. 



ALL ROADS LEAD TO MOlOEN'S 



;iiid Ua 
. Jo-'^epl 
Stockton Buflin 



Sutter and Market. 

STEAMER LANDINGS. 
C. N. and I. Co.. Weber 



ado, tel. 33 main. 

TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE. 
Pacific Postal Telegraph Co., 17 N 

Hunter, tel. 101 m<aln. 

Telephone Co., cor. Chann* 

a.nd San Joaquin, tel. 600 main. 
Western Union Tel. Co.. 130 E. Mali 

tel. 30Jt. 
United States Land Office, cor. I 

Dorado and Chtaniiet, tel. 1711 blaol 



acC'J' 



MY m 1302 



<j 1 OVJ- 



Ca 



kimn 



.tr>fl t: 



C. p. Heininger & Co. 




Manufacturen and Importers of 

Fancy Articles of 

NATIVE WOODS 
and SHELLS 
SOUVENIQ GOODS 



Albums of views of 
San Francisco and 
all points on the 
Pacific Coast 




Pepairin^ 
Neatly Done 




Pipes and Smokers* Articles Walking Canes 
in Native Woods 

535 Market St.,San Francisco 

Opposite Sansome St 




ESTABLISHED 1876 



LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS 

III 



017 137 957 



A\AR:»n 5> 



S 
I 

c 

N 

O 

F 

T 
H 

E 

C 
O 
D 

S 




Japanese Fii^e f\rt 



214 POST STREET 

{Formerly under the Palace Hotel) 



{See Map) 



San Francisco, C 



